Pitted Keratolysis Differential Diagnoses
- Author: Joseph C English III, MD; Chief Editor: Dirk M Elston, MD more...
Zaias N, Taplin D, Rebell G. Pitted keratolysis. Arch Dermatol. Aug 1965;92(2):151-4. [Medline].
Rubel LR. Pitted keratolysis and Dermatophilus congolensis. Arch Dermatol. Apr 1972;105(4):584-6. [Medline].
Nordstrom KM, McGinley KJ, Cappiello L, Zechman JM, Leyden JJ. Pitted keratolysis. The role of Micrococcus sedentarius. Arch Dermatol. Oct 1987;123(10):1320-5. [Medline].
Woodgyer AJ, Baxter M, Rush-Munro FM, Brown J, Kaplan W. Isolation of Dermatophilus congolensis from two New Zealand cases of pitted keratolysis. Australas J Dermatol. Apr 1985;26(1):29-35. [Medline].
Valente NY, Ribeiro Costa A, Pessoa Mendes J. [Pitted keratolysis. Presentation of 2 cases with culture of lesions positive for bacteria of the genus Corynebacterium]. Med Cutan Ibero Lat Am. 1983;11(1):61-4. [Medline].
Longshaw CM, Wright JD, Farrell AM, Holland KT. Kytococcus sedentarius, the organism associated with pitted keratolysis, produces two keratin-degrading enzymes. J Appl Microbiol. 2002;93(5):810-6. [Medline].
Holland KT, Marshall J, Taylor D. The effect of dilution rate and pH on biomass and proteinase production by Micrococcus sedentarius grown in continuous culture. J Appl Bacteriol. May 1992;72(5):429-34. [Medline].
Hanel H, Kalisch J, Keil M, Marsch WC, Buslau M. Quantification of keratinolytic activity from Dermatophilus congolensis. Med Microbiol Immunol. 1991;180(1):45-51. [Medline].
Nordstrom KM, McGinley KJ, Capiello L, Leyden JJ. The etiology of malador associated with pitted keratolysis. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. July/1986;87:159.
Ara K, Hama M, Akiba S, et al. Foot odor due to microbial metabolism and its control. Can J Microbiol. Apr 2006;52(4):357-64. [Medline].
Stratigos AJ, Stern R, Gonzalez E, Johnson RA, O'Connell J, Dover JS. Prevalence of skin disease in a cohort of shelter-based homeless men. J Am Acad Dermatol. Aug 1999;41(2 Pt 1):197-202. [Medline].
Eun HC, Park HB, Chun YH. Occupational pitted keratolysis. Contact Dermatitis. Feb 1985;12(2):122. [Medline].
Tuncel AA, Erbagci Z. Prevalence of skin diseases among male adolescent and post-adolescent boarding school students in Turkey. J Dermatol. Jul 2005;32(7):557-64. [Medline].
Blaise G, Nikkels AF, Hermanns-Le T, Nikkels-Tassoudji N, Pierard GE. Corynebacterium-associated skin infections. Int J Dermatol. Sep 2008;47(9):884-90. [Medline].
Nnoruka EN. Current epidemiology of atopic dermatitis in south-eastern Nigeria. Int J Dermatol. Oct 2004;43(10):739-44. [Medline].
Shenoi SD, Davis SV, Rao S, Rao G, Nair S. Dermatoses among paddy field workers--a descriptive, cross-sectional pilot study. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. Jul-Aug 2005;71(4):254-8. [Medline].
Gill KA Jr, Buckels LJ. Pitted keratolysis. Arch Dermatol. Jul 1968;98(1):7-11. [Medline].
Rho NK, Kim BJ. A corynebacterial triad: Prevalence of erythrasma and trichomycosis axillaris in soldiers with pitted keratolysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. Feb 2008;58(2 Suppl):S57-8. [Medline].
Wohlrab J, Rohrbach D, Marsch WC. Keratolysis sulcata (pitted keratolysis): clinical symptoms with different histological correlates. Br J Dermatol. Dec 2000;143(6):1348-9. [Medline].
Lamberg SI. Symptomatic pitted keratolysis. Arch Dermatol. Jul 1969;100(1):10-1. [Medline].
Shah AS, Kamino H, Prose NS. Painful, plaque-like, pitted keratolysis occurring in childhood. Pediatr Dermatol. Sep 1992;9(3):251-4. [Medline].
Dogan B. Dermatological manifestations in hepatitis B surface antigen carriers in east region of Turkey. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. May 2005;19(3):323-5. [Medline].
Takama H, Tamada Y, Yano K, Nitta Y, Ikeya T. Pitted keratolysis: clinical manifestations in 53 cases. Br J Dermatol. Aug 1997;137(2):282-5. [Medline].
Walling HW. Primary hyperhidrosis increases the risk of cutaneous infection: a case-control study of 387 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. Aug 2009;61(2):242-6. [Medline].
Schissel DJ, Aydelotte J, Keller R. Road rash with a rotten odor. Mil Med. Jan 1999;164(1):65-7. [Medline].
Zaias N. Pitted and ringed keratolysis. A review and update. J Am Acad Dermatol. Dec 1982;7(6):787-91. [Medline].
Shelley WB, Shelley ED. Coexistent erythrasma, trichomycosis axillaris, and pitted keratolysis: an overlooked corynebacterial triad?. J Am Acad Dermatol. Dec 1982;7(6):752-7. [Medline].
Sehgal VN, Ramesh V. Crateriform depression--an unusual clinical expression of pitted keratolysis. Dermatologica. 1983;166(4):209-11. [Medline].
Takama H, Tamada Y, Yokochi K, Ikeya T. Pitted keratolysis: a discussion of two cases in non-weight-bearing areas. Acta Derm Venereol. May 1998;78(3):225-6. [Medline].
Vlahovic TC, Dunn SP, Kemp K. The use of a clindamycin 1%-benzoyl peroxide 5% topical gel in the treatment of pitted keratolysis: a novel therapy. Adv Skin Wound Care. Dec 2009;22(12):564-6. [Medline].
Singh G, Naik CL. Pitted keratolysis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. May-Jun 2005;71(3):213-5. [Medline].
de Almeida HL Jr, de Castro LA, Rocha NE, Abrantes VL. Ultrastructure of pitted keratolysis. Int J Dermatol. Sep 2000;39(9):698-701. [Medline].
Gardner TL, Elston DM. A foot rash with a foul odor. Phys Sport Med. 1998;26:104-6.
Burkhart CG. Pitted keratolysis: a new form of treatment. Arch Dermatol. Oct 1980;116(10):1104. [Medline].
Vazquez-Lopez F, Perez-Oliva N. Mupirocine ointment for symptomatic pitted keratolysis. Infection. Jan-Feb 1996;24(1):55. [Medline].
Tamura BM, Cuce LC, Souza RL, Levites J. Plantar hyperhidrosis and pitted keratolysis treated with botulinum toxin injection. Dermatol Surg. Dec 2004;30(12 Pt 2):1510-4. [Medline].

