eMedicine Specialties > Dermatology > Diseases of Pigmentation

Hypomelanosis of Ito: Follow-up

Author: John Ratz, MD, MBA, Staff Dermatologist, Mohs Surgeon, Center for Dermatology and Skin Surgery, Inc
Coauthor(s): Ned Gross, MD, President, Piedmont Dermatology Center, PC
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Aug 31, 2009

Follow-up

Further Inpatient Care

  • No further inpatient care is needed for hypomelanosis of Ito (HI), except that indicated for the associated abnormalities.

Further Outpatient Care

  • Routine outpatient care is sufficient, except when associated abnormalities require additional care.

Deterrence/Prevention

  • Genetics counseling may aid in the prevention of hypomelanosis of Ito.

Complications

  • Complications may occur as a result of associated abnormalities.

Prognosis

  • The prognosis is determined by the associated abnormalities.
  • The prognosis is excellent for the cutaneous findings.

Patient Education

  • Genetic counseling may be recommended.
  • However, the risk of hypomelanosis of Ito transmission is considered low, except when X-linked mutations are present in female patients.

Miscellaneous

Medicolegal Pitfalls

  • Patients should undergo a thorough examination to identify any associated abnormalities and possible treatments.
  • Although the risk of having more affected children is low, genetic counseling may be useful.
 


More on Hypomelanosis of Ito

Overview: Hypomelanosis of Ito
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Hypomelanosis of Ito
Treatment & Medication: Hypomelanosis of Ito
Follow-up: Hypomelanosis of Ito
Multimedia: Hypomelanosis of Ito
References
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References

  1. Nehal KS, PeBenito R, Orlow SJ. Analysis of 54 cases of hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation along the lines of Blaschko. Arch Dermatol. Oct 1996;132(10):1167-70. [Medline].

  2. Gupta S, Shah S, Mcgaw A, Mercado T, Zaslav AL, Tegay D. Trisomy 2 mosaicism in hypomelanosis of Ito. Am J Med Genet A. Oct 15 2007;143A(20):2466-8. [Medline].

  3. McKusic VA. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) [serial online]. 2000;Available at: http://w3.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/. [Full Text].

  4. Scott A, Micallef C, Hale SL, Watts P. Cortical visual impairment in hypomelanosis of Ito. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. Jul-Aug 2008;45(4):240-1. [Medline].

  5. Iype M, Iype T, Geetha S, Retnakumar J. Hypomelanosis of Ito with cerebral malformation. Indian J Pediatr. Nov 2007;74(11):1044-5. [Medline].

  6. Vergine G, Mencarelli F, Diomedi-Camassei F, et al. Glomerulocystic kidney disease in hypomelanosis of Ito. Pediatr Nephrol. Jul 2008;23(7):1183-7. [Medline].

  7. Donnai D, Read AP, McKeown C, Andrews T. Hypomelanosis of Ito: a manifestation of mosaicism or chimerism. J Med Genet. Dec 1988;25(12):809-18. [Medline].

  8. Fritz B, Kuster W, Orstavik KH, Naumova A, Spranger J, Rehder H. Pigmentary mosaicism in hypomelanosis of Ito. Further evidence for functional disomy of Xp. Hum Genet. Oct 1998;103(4):441-9. [Medline].

  9. Glover MT, Brett EM, Atherton DJ. Hypomelanosis of Ito: spectrum of the disease. J Pediatr. Jul 1989;115(1):75-80. [Medline].

  10. Hatchwell E. Hypomelanosis of Ito and X;autosome translocations: a unifying hypothesis. J Med Genet. Mar 1996;33(3):177-83. [Medline].

  11. Pascual-Castroviejo I, Roche C, Martinez-Bermejo A, et al. Hypomelanosis of ITO. A study of 76 infantile cases. Brain Dev. Jan 1998;20(1):36-43. [Medline].

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Further Reading

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Keywords

hypomelanosis of Ito, HI, incontinentia pigmenti achromians, hypopigmented whorls of skin along Blaschko lines

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Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

John Ratz, MD, MBA, Staff Dermatologist, Mohs Surgeon, Center for Dermatology and Skin Surgery, Inc
John Ratz, MD, MBA is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology, American College of Mohs Micrographic Surgery and Cutaneous Oncology, American College of Physicians, American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, International Society for Dermatologic Surgery, and Southern Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Ned Gross, MD, President, Piedmont Dermatology Center, PC
Ned Gross, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Sungnack Lee, MD, Vice President of Medical Affairs, Professor, Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Korea
Sungnack Lee, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Dermatological Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Michael J Wells, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
Michael J Wells, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Dermatology, American Medical Association, and Texas Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Christen M Mowad, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Geisinger Medical Center
Christen M Mowad, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Dermatology, and Phi Beta Kappa
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Catherine Quirk, MD, Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Dermatology, Brown University
Catherine Quirk, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha and American Academy of Dermatology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Dirk M Elston, MD, Director, Department of Dermatology, Geisinger Medical Center
Dirk M Elston, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
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