Background
Perioral dermatitis (POD) is a chronic papulopustular and eczematous facial dermatitis. It mostly occurs in women, although a distinct papular variant occurs in children.[1] The clinical and histologic features of the perioral dermatitis lesions resemble those of rosacea. Patients require systemic and/or topical treatment, an evaluation of the underlying factors, and reassurance.
Pathophysiology
The etiology of perioral dermatitis (POD) is unknown; however, the uncritical use of topical steroids for minor skin alterations of the face often precedes the manifestation of perioral dermatitis. Neurogenic inflammation has been proposed as a pathogenic mechanism.[2] Perioral dermatitis is limited to the skin.
Epidemiology
Frequency
United States
The incidence of perioral dermatitis is estimated to be 0.5-1% in industrialized countries, independent of geographic factors.
International
The incidence of perioral dermatitis seems to be lower in less developed countries, but no statistics are available.
Mortality/Morbidity
Perioral dermatitis is limited to the skin and is not life threatening. Emotional complications may develop because of the nature and chronic course of the disease (see Complications).
Sex
Perioral dermatitis predominantly affects women, who account for an estimated 90% of the cases. The number of male patients is assumed to be increasing because of changes in their cosmetic habits.
Age
Perioral dermatitis can occur in children, but it is seldom diagnosed. The vast majority of patients are women aged 20-45 years.
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