Venous Insufficiency: Multimedia

References

1. Coon WW, Willis PW 3rd, Keller JB. Venous thromboembolism and other venous disease in the Tecumseh community health study. Circulation. Oct 1973;48(4):839-46. [Medline].

2. Racette S, Sauvageau A. Unusual sudden death: two case reports of hemorrhage by rupture of varicose veins. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. Sep 2005;26(3):294-6. [Medline].

3. Chiesa R, Marone EM, Limoni C, Volonte M, Schaefer E, Petrini O. Chronic venous insufficiency in Italy: the 24-cities cohort study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. Oct 2005;30(4):422-9. [Medline].

4. Bonnetblanc JM. Leg ulcerations: a clinical appraisal. Eur J Dermatol. May-Jun 2005;15(3):127-32. [Medline].

5. Zimmet SE. Venous leg ulcers: modern evaluation and management. Dermatol Surg. Mar 1999;25(3):236-41. [Medline].

6. Sadick NS. Advances in the treatment of varicose veins: ambulatory phlebectomy, foam sclerotherapy, endovascular laser, and radiofrequency closure. Dermatol Clin. Jul 2005;23(3):443-55, vi. [Medline].

7. Tretbar LL. Treatment of small bleeding varicose veins with injection sclerotherapy. Bleeding blue blebs. Dermatol Surg. Jan 1996;22(1):78-80. [Medline].

8. Nijsten T, van den Bos RR, Goldman MP, et al. Minimally invasive techniques in the treatment of saphenous varicose veins. J Am Acad Dermatol. Jan 2009;60(1):110-9. [Medline].

9. Nael R, Rathbun S. Treatment of varicose veins. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. Apr 2009;11(2):91-103. [Medline].

10. Leopardi D, Hoggan BL, Fitridge RA, Woodruff PW, Maddern GJ. Systematic review of treatments for varicose veins. Ann Vasc Surg. Mar 2009;23(2):264-76. [Medline].

11. Diehm C, Allenberg JR. Color Atlas of Vascular Diseases. New York, NY: Springer Publishing; 1999:1-396.

12. Feied CF. Deep vein thrombosis: the risks of sclerotherapy in hypercoagulable states. Semin Dermatol. Jun 1993;12(2):135-49. [Medline].

13. Feied CF. Peripheral venous disease. In: Rosen and Barkin, eds. Emergency Medicine Principles and Practice. Vol 3. 4^th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby-Year Book; 1998:Chapter 107.

14. Goldman MP. Sclerotherapy: Treatment of Varicose and Telangiectatic Leg Veins. 2^nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby-Year Book; 1995:1-519.

15. Weiss RA, Feied CF, Weiss MA. Vein Diagnosis & Treatment: A Comprehensive Approach. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2001:1-304.

Further Reading

Keywords

venous insufficiency, venous stasis, postphlebitic syndrome, venous reflux, stasis dermatitis, stasis ulcer, venous ulcer, valvular incompetence, DVT, deep vein thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis, superficial venous incompetence, superficial venous insufficiency, varicose veins, junctional high-pressure disease, perforator high-pressure disease, venous hypertension

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Robert Weiss, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,
Robert Weiss, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery, American Academy of Dermatology, American College of Phlebology, American Dermatological Association, American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, and MedChi
Disclosure: Angiodynamics Honoraria Speaking and teaching; CoolTouch Corp Intellectual property rights Consulting; Cynosure Grant/research funds Independent contractor; Palomar Grant/research funds Independent contractor

Coauthor(s)

Craig F Feied, MD, FACEP, FAAEM, FACPh, Professor of Emergency Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine; General Manager, Microsoft Enterprise Health Solutions Group
Craig F Feied, MD, FACEP, FAAEM, FACPh is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians, American College of Phlebology, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, American Medical Informatics Association, American Venous Forum, Medical Society of the District of Columbia, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, and Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

R Stan Taylor, MD, Professor of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School; Director of Skin Surgery and Oncology Clinic, Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
R Stan Taylor, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology, American College of Mohs Surgery, American Dermatological Association, American Medical Association, American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Christian Medical & Dental Society, and Society for Investigative Dermatology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Michael J Wells, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
Michael J Wells, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Dermatology, American Medical Association, and Texas Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Mary Farley, MD, Dermatologic Surgeon/Mohs Surgeon, Anne Arundel Surgery Center
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Glen H Crawford, MD, Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Chief, Division of Dermatology, The Pennsylvania Hospital
Glen H Crawford, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Dermatology, American Medical Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society of USAF Flight Surgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Dirk M Elston, MD, Director, Department of Dermatology, Geisinger Medical Center
Dirk M Elston, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.