eMedicine Specialties > Dermatology > Metabolic Diseases
Osteoma Cutis: Differential Diagnoses & Workup
Updated: Jan 29, 2009
- Overview
- Differential Diagnoses & Workup
- Treatment & Medication
- Follow-up
- Multimedia
Differential Diagnoses
Other Problems to Be Considered
Cartilaginous tumors of the skin
Foreign body
Gouty tophus
Myositis ossificans
Secondary (heterotopic) ossification
Workup
Laboratory Studies
- Serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels help to define Albright hereditary osteodystrophy.
Imaging Studies
- Plain radiographs demonstrate lesions but are not necessary for diagnosis.
Procedures
- Excisional biopsy for diagnosis, relief of discomfort, or cosmesis may be performed.
Histologic Findings
Small spicules to large masses of mature bone are found in the dermis or extend into the subcutaneous tissue. Spicules of bone may enclose areas of mature fat, recapitulating a medullary cavity, but hematopoietic elements are seldom observed.
A microscopic view of osteoma cutis shows well-formed mature trabecular bone just beneath the epidermis. Note the absence of hematopoietic elements in the medullary spaces.
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Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Osteoma Cutis |
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References
Burgdorf W, Nasemann T. Cutaneous osteomas: a clinical and histopathologic review. Arch Dermatol Res. Dec 12 1977;260(2):121-35. [Medline].
Roth SI, Stowell RE, Helwigeb. Cutaneous ossification. Report of 120 cases and review of the literature. Arch Pathol. Jul 1963;76:44-54. [Medline].
Cohen PR, Tschen JA, Schulze KE, Martinelli PT, Nelson BR. Dermal plaques of the face and scalp. Platelike osteoma cutis. Arch Dermatol. Jan 2007;143(1):109-14. [Medline].
Altman JF, Nehal KS, Busam KJ, Halpern AC. Treatment of primary miliary osteoma cutis with incision, curettage, and primary closure. J Am Acad Dermatol. Jan 2001;44(1):96-9. [Medline].
Cohen AD, Chetov T, Cagnano E, Naimer S, Vardy DA. Treatment of multiple miliary osteoma cutis of the face with local application of tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid): a case report and review of the literature. J Dermatolog Treat. Sep 2001;12(3):171-3. [Medline].
Baskan EB, Turan H, Tunali S, Toker SC, Adim SB, Bolca N. Miliary osteoma cutis of the face: treatment with the needle microincision-extirpation method. J Dermatolog Treat. 2007;18(4):252-4. [Medline].
Ragsdale BD. Lever's Histopathology of the Skin. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott-Raven; 1997:965-7.
Watsky KL. Arndt KA, ed. Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1996:1828-31.
Weedon D, ed. Skin Pathology. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2002:355-7.
Further Reading
Keywords
osteoma cutis, bone in the skin, Albright hereditary osteodystrophy, Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy, miliary osteomas


Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Osteoma Cutis