Cutis Verticis Gyrata Follow-up

  • Author: Malgorzata D Skibinska, MD, PhD; Chief Editor: Dirk M Elston, MD   more...
 
Updated: Jul 15, 2010
 

Further Outpatient Care

If the patient does not agree to any surgical treatment or this procedure is contraindicated, the patient should be seen every 3-6 months to estimate the progression of the lesions.

Patients with cerebriform melanocytic nevus require long-term clinical follow-up in order to detect malignant transformation.[8, 44]

Next

Complications

Congenital nevus of the scalp, which may clinically produce cutis verticis gyrata, can be the site of malignant transformation and it can occur very early in life.[7, 8, 9, 43]

Malignant melanoma occurs in up to 10% of patients with cerebriform melanocytic nevi; however, recent data suggest the rate of transformation may only be on the order of 4.5%.[7, 8, 60]

Previous
Next

Prognosis

The prognosis of primary cutis verticis gyrata is good, although the condition does not regress without surgical intervention and progression of cutis verticis gyrata may be observed. In secondary cases, the prognosis depends on the underlying process.[6]

Previous
Next

Patient Education

Educate patients with cutis verticis gyrata that proper hygiene of the scalp is essential to avoid the accumulation of secretion in the furrows. Lack of hygiene may be the cause of an unpleasant smell and secondary infection.

Previous
 
Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Malgorzata D Skibinska, MD, PhD  Locum Consultant Dermatologist, Department of Dermatology, Basildon University Hospital, UK

Malgorzata D Skibinska, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: British Association of Dermatologists, British Medical Association, European Society for Dermatological Research, Royal College of Physicians of the United Kingdom, and Royal Society of Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Camila K Janniger, MD  Clinical Professor of Dermatology, Clinical Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Chief of Pediatric Dermatology, New Jersey Medical School

Camila K Janniger, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Daniel J Hogan, MD  Clinical Professor of Internal Medicine (Dermatology), NOVA Southeastern University; Investigator, Hill Top Research, Florida Research Center

Daniel J Hogan, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Dermatology, American Contact Dermatitis Society, and Canadian Dermatology Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

David F Butler, MD  Professor of Dermatology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine; Chair, Department of Dermatology, Director, Dermatology Residency Training Program, Scott and White Clinic, Northside Clinic

David F Butler, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Dermatology, American Medical Association, American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, American Society for MOHS Surgery, Association of Military Dermatologists, and Phi Beta Kappa

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Robert A Schwartz, MD, MPH  Professor and Head, Dermatology, Professor of Pathology, Pediatrics, Medicine, and Preventive Medicine and Community Health, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School

Robert A Schwartz, MD, MPH is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Dermatology, American College of Physicians, and Sigma Xi

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Glen H Crawford, MD  Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Chief, Division of Dermatology, The Pennsylvania Hospital

Glen H Crawford, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Dermatology, American Medical Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society of USAF Flight Surgeons

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Dirk M Elston, MD  Director, Department of Dermatology, Geisinger Medical Center

Dirk M Elston, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Dermatology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

References

  1. Unna PG. Cutis verticis gyrata. Monatschr Prakt Derm. 1907;45:227-33.

  2. Polan S, Butterworth T. Cutis verticis gyrata; a review with report of seven new cases. Am J Ment Defic. Apr 1953;57(4):613-31. [Medline].

  3. Garden JM, Robinson JK. Essential primary cutis verticis gyrata. Treatment with the scalp reduction procedure. Arch Dermatol. Nov 1984;120(11):1480-3. [Medline].

  4. Thappa DM, Sethuraman G, Kumar GR, Elangovan S. Primary pachydermoperiostosis: a case report. J Dermatol. Feb 2000;27(2):106-9. [Medline].

  5. Arikan S, Sen I, Bahceci M, Tuzcu A, Ayli M. An interesting case of pachydermoperiostosis with idiopathic myelofibrosis associated with monosomy 22. Int J Dermatol. Aug 2009;48(8):882-5. [Medline].

  6. Beauregard S. [Cutis verticis gyrata and pachydermoperiostosis. Several cases in a same family. Initial results of the treatment of pachyderma with isotretinoin]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1994;121(2):134-7. [Medline].

  7. Jeanfils S, Tennstedt D, Lachapelle JM. Cerebriform intradermal nevus. A clinical pattern resembling cutis verticis gyrata. Dermatology. 1993;186(4):294-7. [Medline].

  8. Hayashi Y, Tanioka M, Taki R, Sawabe K, Kore-eda S, Utani A, et al. Malignant melanoma derived from cerebriform intradermal naevus. Clin Exp Dermatol. Dec 2009;34(8):e840-2. [Medline].

  9. Ramos-e-Silva M, Martins G, Dadalti P, Maceira J. Cutis verticis gyrata secondary to a cerebriform intradermal nevus. Cutis. 2004;73:254-6. [Medline].

  10. Commens CA, Greaves MW. Cutis verticis gyrata due to an intradermal naevus with an underlying neurofibroma. Clin Exp Dermatol. Sep 1978;3(3):319-22. [Medline].

  11. Kolawole TM, Al Orainy IA, Patel PJ, Fathuddin S. Cutis verticis gyrata: its computed tomographic demonstration in acromegaly. Eur J Radiol. May 1998;27(2):145-8. [Medline].

  12. Zangeneh F, Carpenter PC. Visual vignette. Cutis verticis gyrata (GVG) in acromegaly. Endocr Pract. Nov-Dec 2002;8(6):475. [Medline].

  13. Nguyen KH, Marks JG Jr. Pseudoacromegaly induced by the long-term use of minoxidil. J Am Acad Dermatol. Jun 2003;48(6):962-5. [Medline].

  14. Woollons A, Darley CR, Lee PJ, Brenton DP, Sonksen PH, Black MM. Cutis verticis gyrata of the scalp in a patient with autosomal dominant insulin resistance syndrome. Clin Exp Dermatol. Mar 2000;25(2):125-8. [Medline].

  15. Bilen H, Atasoy M, Akcay G, Akcay M, Capoglu I, Gursan N, et al. Elephantiasic pretibial myxedema and cutis verticis gyrata caused by graves' disease. Thyroid. Aug 2006;16(8):815-6. [Medline].

  16. Corbalan-Velez R, Perez-Ferriols A, Aliaga-Bouiche A. Cutis verticis gyrata secondary to hypothyroid myxedema. Int J Dermatol. Oct 1999;38(10):781-3. [Medline].

  17. Saoji V, Chaudhari S, Gohokar D. Primary systemic amyloidosis: three different presentations. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. Jul-Aug 2009;75(4):394-7. [Medline].

  18. Kanwar AJ, Ghosh S, Thami GP, Kaur S. Alopecia and cutis verticis gyrata due to traction presenting as headache. Int J Dermatol. Sep 1992;31(9):671-2. [Medline].

  19. Ulrich J, Franke I, Gollnick H. Cutis verticis gyrata secondary to acne scleroticans capitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. Jul 2004;18(4):499-502. [Medline].

  20. Lehmann P. [Cutis verticis gyrata-like acne inversa. Combined medical and surgical management]. Hautarzt. Apr 2009;60(4):328-30. [Medline].

  21. Larsen F, Birchall N. Cutis verticis gyrata: three cases with different aetiologies that demonstrate the classification system. Australas J Dermatol. May 2007;48(2):91-4. [Medline].

  22. Racz E, Kornsee Z, Csikos M, Dobos M, Salacz P, Karpati S. Darier's disease associated with cutis verticis gyrata, hyperprolactinaemia and depressive disorder. Acta Derm Venereol. 2006;86(1):59-60. [Medline].

  23. Passarini B, Neri I, Patrizi A, Masina M. Cutis verticis gyrata secondary to acute monoblastic leukemia. Acta Derm Venereol. Apr 1993;73(2):148-9. [Medline].

  24. Fox LP, Geyer AS, Anyane-Yeboa K, Garzon MC. Cutis verticis gyrata in a patient with Noonan syndrome. Pediatr Dermatol. Mar-Apr 2005;22(2):142-6. [Medline].

  25. Keller K, Williams C, Seagle B. Klinefelter syndrome and cutis verticis gyrata. Am J Med Genet. Oct 15 2001;103(3):249-51. [Medline].

  26. Jeannet PY, Watts GD, Bird TD, Chance PF. Craniofacial and cutaneous findings expand the phenotype of hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy. Neurology. Dec 11 2001;57(11):1963-8. [Medline].

  27. Kolawole TM, al Orainy IA. Cutis verticis gyrata (case reports of rare causes). West Afr J Med. Apr-Jun 1999;18(2):130-2. [Medline].

  28. Kim HS, Teo RY, Tan AW. Cutis verticis gyrata in a patient with hyper-IgE syndrome. Acta Derm Venereol. 2009;89(4):413-4. [Medline].

  29. Radwanski HN, Rocha Almeida MW, Pitanguy I. Primary essential cutis verticis gyrata - a case report. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. Oct 22 2008;[Medline].

  30. Palazzo R, Schepis C, Ruggeri M, Baldini L, Pizzimenti A, Arcoraci V, et al. An endocrinological study of patients with primary cutis verticis gyrata. Acta Derm Venereol. Oct 1993;73(5):348-9. [Medline].

  31. Dahir GA, Miller LK, Butler MG. Survey of mentally retarded males for cutis verticis gyrata and chromosomal fragile sites. Am J Med Genet. Sep 1 1992;44(1):118-20. [Medline].

  32. Marini R, Cappa M, Neri G, Romana M. Cutis verticis gyrata and chromosomal abnormalities. Am J Dis Child. Mar 1989;143(3):269-70. [Medline].

  33. Schepis C, Palazzo R, Cannavo SP, Ragusa RM, Barletta C, Spina E. Prevalence of primary cutis verticis gyrata in a psychiatric population: association with chromosomal fragile sites. Acta Derm Venereol. 1990;70(6):483-6. [Medline].

  34. Musumeci SA, Ferri R, Viglianesi M, Elia M, Ragusa RM, Bergonzi P. Cutis verticis gyrata and chromosomal fragile sites. Am J Med Genet. Feb-Mar 1991;38(2-3):249-50. [Medline].

  35. Schepis C, Palazzo R, Cannavo SP, Ragusa RM, Barletta C, Spina E. Prevalence of primary cutis verticis gyrata in a psychiatric population: association with chromosomal fragile sites. Acta Derm Venereol. 1990;70(6):483-6. [Medline].

  36. Striano S, Ruosi P, Guzzetta V, Perone L, Manto A, Cirillo S. Cutis verticis gyrata--mental deficiency syndrome: a patient with drug-resistant epilepsy and polymicrogyria. Epilepsia. Mar 1996;37(3):284-6. [Medline].

  37. Auada MP, Cintra ML, Puzzi MB, Viana D, Cavalcanti DP. Scalp lesions in Turner syndrome: a result of lymphoedema?. Clin Dysmorphol. Jul 2004;13(3):165-8. [Medline].

  38. Larralde M, Gardner SS, Torrado MV, Fernhoff PM, Santos Munoz AE, Spraker MK, et al. Lymphedema as a postulated cause of cutis verticis gyrata in Turner syndrome. Pediatr Dermatol. Jan-Feb 1998;15(1):18-22. [Medline].

  39. Kennedy A, Perry D, Battin M. Antenatal imaging of cutis verticis gyrata. Pediatr Radiol. May 2008;38(5):583-7. [Medline].

  40. Akesson Ho. Cutis verticis gyrata and mental deficiency in Sweden. I. Epidemiologic and clinical aspects. Acta Med Scand. Jan 1964;175:115-27. [Medline].

  41. Akesson Ho. Cutis verticis gyrata and mental deficiency in Sweden. II. Genetic aspects. Acta Med Scand. Apr 1965;177:459-64. [Medline].

  42. MacGillivray RC. Cutis verticis gyrata and mental retardation. Scott Med J. 1967;12:450-4.

  43. Gross PR, Carter DM. Malignant melanoma arising in a giant cerebriform nevus. Arch Dermatol. Nov 1967;96(5):536-9. [Medline].

  44. van Geest AJ, Berretty PJ, Klinkhamer PJ, Neumann HA. Cerebriform intradermal naevus (a rare form of secondary cutis verticis gyrata). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. Sep 2002;16(5):529-31. [Medline].

  45. Oh DJ, Park JH, Kang SH, Hwang SW, Park SW. Primary non-essential cutis verticis gyrata revealed with 3-D magnetic resonance imaging. Acta Derm Venereol. 2006;86(5):458-9. [Medline].

  46. Okamoto K, Ito J, Tokiguchi S, Ishikawa K, Furusawa T, Sakai K. MRI in essential primary cutis verticis gyrata. Neuroradiology. Oct 2001;43(10):841-4. [Medline].

  47. Demirpolat G, Sener RN, Stun EE. MR imaging of pachydermoperiostosis. J Neuroradiol. Mar 1999;26(1):61-3. [Medline].

  48. Mutter D, Lipsker D, Cribier B, Evrard S, Roy C. Primary cutis verticis gyrata: CT findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr. Jul-Aug 1993;17(4):663-4. [Medline].

  49. Jain K, Jain VK, Aggarwal K, Bansal A. Late onset isotretinoin resistant acne conglobata in a patient with acromegaly. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. Mar-Apr 2008;74(2):139-41. [Medline].

  50. Farah S, Farag T, Sabry MA, Simeonov ST, al-Khattam S, Abulhassan SJ, et al. Cutis verticis gyrata-mental deficiency syndrome: report of a case with unusual neuroradiological findings. Clin Dysmorphol. Apr 1998;7(2):131-4. [Medline].

  51. Filosto M, Tonin P, Vattemi G, Bongiovanni LG, Rizzuto N, Tomelleri G. Cutis verticis gyrata, mental retardation and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: a case report. Neurol Sci. Jun 2001;22(3):253-6. [Medline].

  52. Sen F, Cagatay A, Ozsut H, Calangu S, Eraksoy H, Ozbey N. An unusual association of cutis verticis gyrata with empty sella. Eur J Intern Med. Oct 2008;19(6):e23-5. [Medline].

  53. Seppalainen AM, Iivanainen M. The cutis verticis gyrata and mental retardation syndrome: electroencephalographic analysis of nineteen cases. J Ment Defic Res. Dec 1974;18(4):277-83. [Medline].

  54. Kara IG. Forehead lifting for cutis verticis gyrata. Plast Reconstr Surg. Apr 15 2003;111(5):1777-8. [Medline].

  55. Beier JP, Kneser U, Horch RE. Surgical treatment of facial cutis verticis gyrata with direct excision. J Cutan Med Surg. Jan-Feb 2007;11(1):4-8. [Medline].

  56. Zhao L, Fang F, Xu J, Wang Y, Qian G, Lin J, et al. Giant primary cutis verticis gyrata successfully treated with surgical excision and tissue expansion. Dermatol Surg. May 2006;32(5):753-5. [Medline].

  57. Mishra A, Tehrani H, Hancock K, Duncan C. Management of primary cutis verticis gyrata with tissue expansion and hairline lowering foreheadplasty. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. Feb 1 2010;[Medline].

  58. Dumas P, Medard de Chardon V, Balaguer T, Cardot-Leccia N, Lacour JP, Lebreton E. [Primary essential cutis verticis gyrata: Case report and literature review.]. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. Nov 23 2009;[Medline].

  59. Hsu YJ, Chang YJ, Su LH, Hsu YL. Using novel subcision technique for the treatment of primary essential cutis verticis gyrata. Int J Dermatol. Mar 2009;48(3):307-9. [Medline].

  60. Yazici AC, Ikizoglu G, Baz K, Polat A, Ustunsoy D. Cerebriform intradermal nevus. Pediatr Dermatol. Mar-Apr 2007;24(2):141-3. [Medline].

  61. Parolin Marinoni L, Taniguchi K, Giraldi S, Carvalho VO, Furucho M, Bertogna J. Cutis verticis gyrata in a child with Turner syndrome. Pediatr Dermatol. May-Jun 1999;16(3):242-3. [Medline].

 
Previous
Next
 
 
 
 
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2012 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

DISCLAIMER: The content of this Website is not influenced by sponsors. The site is designed primarily for use by qualified physicians and other medical professionals. The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only. In no way should it be considered as offering medical advice. Please check with a physician if you suspect you are ill.