Normal EEG Waveforms: Multimedia

References

1. Blume WT, Kaibara M. Atlas of Pediatric Electroencephalography. 2^nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1999.

2. Fisch B, Spehlmann R. Fisch and Spehlmann's EEG Primer. 3^rd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1999.

3. Ioannides AA, Poghosyan V, Dammers J, Streit M. Real-time neural activity and connectivity in healthy individuals and schizophrenia patients. Neuroimage. Oct 2004;23(2):473-82. [Medline].

4. Johns Hopkins. Pacemakers for the brain. Johns Hopkins Med Lett Health After 50. Sep 2004;17(7):1-2. [Medline].

5. Niedermeyer E, Lopes da Silva F. Electroencephalography: Basic Principles, Clinical Applications, and Related Fields. 5^th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1993.

6. Stern JM, Engel J. An Atlas of EEG Patterns. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004.

Further Reading

For related information on EEGs, see the following eMedicine articles:

• Normal Sleep EEG
• Normal Awake EEG
• Normal EEG Variants

Keywords

EEG, electroencephalography, EEG pattern, EEG waveform, waveform frequency, alpha waves, beta waves, theta waves, delta waves, K complex, V waves, lambda waves, positive occipital sharp transients of sleep, POSTS, wicket rhythm, mu waves, sleep spindles, rhythm en arceau, benign epileptic transients of sleep, BETS

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Roy Sucholeiki, MD, Director, Comprehensive Seizure and Epilepsy Program, The Neurosciences Institute at Central DuPage Hospital
Roy Sucholeiki, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Epilepsy Society, and American Neuropsychiatric Association
Disclosure: UCB Pharma Honoraria Speaking and teaching

Coauthor(s)

Sydney Louis, MB, BCh, MD, Emeritus Professor, Department of Neurology, Brown University School of Medicine
Sydney Louis, MB, BCh, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Joseph F Hulihan, MD, Vice President, Medical Affairs, Ortho-McNeil Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC
Joseph F Hulihan, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, American Epilepsy Society, American Headache Society, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Johnson & Johnson Salary Employment; Johnson & Johnson Stock Employment

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Norberto Alvarez, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School; Consulting Staff, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital
Norberto Alvarez, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Epilepsy Society, and Child Neurology Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Selim R Benbadis, MD, Professor, Director of Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa General Hospital
Selim R Benbadis, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, American Epilepsy Society, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Selim R Benbadis, MD, Professor, Director of Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa General Hospital
Selim R Benbadis, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, American Epilepsy Society, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.