eMedicine Specialties > Neurology > Introductory Topics

Neurological History and Physical Examination: Multimedia

Author: Kalarickal J Oommen, MD, FAAN, Professor and Crofoot Chair of Epilepsy, Department of Neurology, Chief, Section of Epilepsy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Medical Director, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC) Covenant Comprehensive Epilepsy Center
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Dec 22, 2008

References

Multimedia

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Media file 1: Technique for documenting deep tendon reflexes. An arrow may be used to indicate the direction of toe movement with regard to the Babinski sign.

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Technique for documenting deep tendon reflexes. An arrow may be used to indicate the direction of toe movement with regard to the Babinski sign.

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Media file 2: Maneuver to demonstrate nuchal rigidity, the Kernig sign, and the Brudzinski sign.

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Maneuver to demonstrate nuchal rigidity, the Kernig sign, and the Brudzinski sign.

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Media file 3: Ash-leaf spots. Light, oblong patches of depigmented areas are seen on the skin of patients with tuberose (tuberous) sclerosis.

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Ash-leaf spots. Light, oblong patches of depigmented areas are seen on the skin of patients with tuberose (tuberous) sclerosis.

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Media file 4: Herpes zoster (ie, shingles) results in painful skin eruptions in the distribution of specific dorsal root ganglia.

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Herpes zoster (ie, shingles) results in painful skin eruptions in the distribution of specific dorsal root ganglia.

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Media file 5: Axillary freckling as seen in neurofibromatosis.

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Axillary freckling as seen in neurofibromatosis.

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Media file 6: Example of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (ie, peroneal muscular atrophy). This disease is associated with progressive weakness and wasting of the intrinsic muscles of the feet and calves.

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Example of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (ie, peroneal muscular atrophy). This disease is associated with progressive weakness and wasting of the intrinsic muscles of the feet and calves.

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Media file 7: Typical appearance in myotonic dystrophy (ie, Steinert disease) includes frontal baldness, temporal atrophy, and narrow facies.

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Typical appearance in myotonic dystrophy (ie, Steinert disease) includes frontal baldness, temporal atrophy, and narrow facies.

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Media file 8: Pes cavus deformity can be associated with many conditions including spina bifida, other spinal dysraphisms, and homocystinuria.

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Pes cavus deformity can be associated with many conditions including spina bifida, other spinal dysraphisms, and homocystinuria.

More on Neurological History and Physical Examination

References

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References

Bates B, Bickley LS, Hoekelman RA. Mental status. In: A Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking. 6^th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 1995:491-554.
Bates B. Nervous system. In: A Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins;2004.
Brazis, PW, Masdeu, JC, Biller, J. Localization in Clinical Neurology. 4^th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2004.
Carpenter MB, Sutin J. Human Neuroanatomy. 8^th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 1983.
De Jong RN. The Neurologic Examination: Incorporating the Fundamentals of Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology. 4^th ed. Hagerstown, MD: Harper & Row; 1979.
DeMyer WE. Technique of the Neurological Examination. 5^th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Professional; 2003.
Larsen HW. Manual and Color Atlas of the Ocular Fundus. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1969.
Parent A, Carpenter MB. Carpenter's Human Neuroanatomy. 9^th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 1998.
Van Allen MW. A guide to the performance and interpretation of the neurologic examination. In: Van Allen's Pictorial Manual of Neurologic Tests. 3^rd ed. St Louis, MO: Mosby-Year Book Medical; 1988.

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Keywords

history and physical, history & physical, H and P, H&P, presenting illness, chief complaint, symptom, symptoms, family history, past history, neurologic history and physical exam, neurological history, neurological physical examination

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Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Kalarickal J Oommen, MD, FAAN, Professor and Crofoot Chair of Epilepsy, Department of Neurology, Chief, Section of Epilepsy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center; Medical Director, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (TTUHSC) Covenant Comprehensive Epilepsy Center
Disclosure: UCB Pharma Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Medtronic Grant/research funds Clinical trial; Eisai Grant/research funds Clinical trial; Lundbeck Consulting fee Speaking and teaching; Schwarz Biopharma Grant/research funds Other

Medical Editor

Stephen A Berman, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Neurology, Dartmouth Medical School; Chief, Neurology Service, White River Junction Veterans Medical Center
Stephen A Berman, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Neurology, and Phi Beta Kappa
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Richard J Caselli, MD, Professor, Department of Neurology, Mayo Medical School, Rochester, MN; Chair, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic of Scottsdale
Richard J Caselli, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine, American Medical Association, American Neurological Association, and Sigma Xi
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

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eMedicine Specialties > Neurology > Introductory Topics

Neurological History and Physical Examination: Multimedia

Multimedia

Technique for documenting deep tendon reflexes. An arrow may be used to indicate the direction of toe movement with regard to the Babinski sign.

Maneuver to demonstrate nuchal rigidity, the Kernig sign, and the Brudzinski sign.

Ash-leaf spots. Light, oblong patches of depigmented areas are seen on the skin of patients with tuberose (tuberous) sclerosis.

Herpes zoster (ie, shingles) results in painful skin eruptions in the distribution of specific dorsal root ganglia.

Axillary freckling as seen in neurofibromatosis.

Example of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (ie, peroneal muscular atrophy). This disease is associated with progressive weakness and wasting of the intrinsic muscles of the feet and calves.

Typical appearance in myotonic dystrophy (ie, Steinert disease) includes frontal baldness, temporal atrophy, and narrow facies.

Pes cavus deformity can be associated with many conditions including spina bifida, other spinal dysraphisms, and homocystinuria.

More on Neurological History and Physical Examination

References

Further Reading

Keywords

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Medical Editor

Pharmacy Editor

Managing Editor

Chief Editor