Syringomyelia Differential Diagnoses
- Author: Hassan Ahmad Hassan Al-Shatoury, MD, PhD, MHPE; Chief Editor: Selim R Benbadis, MD more...
Differential Diagnoses
- Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Arteriovenous Malformations
- Atlantoaxial Instability in Individuals with Down Syndrome
- Brainstem Gliomas
- Central Pontine Myelinolysis
- Cervical Spondylosis: Diagnosis and Management
- Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy
- Diabetic Neuropathy
- Ependymoma
- Hydrocephalus
- Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy
- Medulloblastoma
- Meningioma
- Metastatic Disease to the Spine and Related Structures
- Motor Evoked Potentials
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Neural Tube Defects
- Neurological History and Physical Examination
- Spinal Cord Hemorrhage
- Spinal Cord Infarction
- Spinal Cord Trauma and Related Diseases
- Spinal Epidural Abscess
- Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Nakanishi K, Uchiyama T, Nakano N, et al. Spinal syringomyelia following subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci. Apr 2012;19(4):594-7. [Medline].
Kim J, Kim CH, Jahng TA, Chung CK. Clinical course of incidental syringomyelia without predisposing pathologies. J Clin Neurosci. Feb 29 2012;[Medline].
Gardner WJ. Hydrodynamic mechanism of syringomyelia: its relationship to myelocele. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. Jun 1965;28:247-59. [Medline].
Williams B. Progress in syringomyelia. Neurol Res. Sep 1986;8(3):130-45. [Medline].
Oldfield EH, Muraszko K, Shawker TH, Patronas NJ. Pathophysiology of syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformation of the cerebellar tonsils. Implications for diagnosis and treatment. J Neurosurg. Jan 1994;80(1):3-15. [Medline].
Viswanatha B. Syringomyelia with syringobulbia presenting as vocal fold paralysis. Ear Nose Throat J. Jul 2009;88(7):E20. [Medline].
Tubbs RS, Bailey M, Barrow WC, Loukas M, Shoja MM, Oakes WJ. Morphometric analysis of the craniocervical juncture in children with Chiari I malformation and concomitant syringobulbia. Childs Nerv Syst. Jun 2009;25(6):689-92. [Medline].
Nacir B, Arslan Cebeci S, Cetinkaya E, Karagoz A, Erdem HR. Neuropathic arthropathy progressing with multiple joint involvement in the upper extremity due to syringomyelia and type I Arnold-Chiari malformation. Rheumatol Int. Jun 23 2009;[Medline].
Ono A, Suetsuna F, Ueyama K, Yokoyama T, Aburakawa S, Numasawa T. Surgical outcomes in adult patients with syringomyelia associated with Chiari malformation type I: the relationship between scoliosis and neurological findings. J Neurosurg Spine. Mar 2007;6(3):216-21. [Medline].
Cardoso M, Keating RF. Neurosurgical management of spinal dysraphism and neurogenic scoliosis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). Aug 1 2009;34(17):1775-82. [Medline].
Kiran NA, Kasliwal MK, Suri A, Mahapatra AK. Giant posterior fossa arachnoid cyst associated with syringomyelia. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. Feb 4 2010;[Medline].
Lucchetta M, Cagnin A, Calderone M, Manara R, Rotilio A, Briani C. Syringomyelia associated with Chiari I malformation. Neurol Sci. Sep 19 2009;[Medline].
Prat R, Galeano I. Pain improvement in patients with syringomyelia and Chiari I malformation treated with suboccipital decompression and tonsillar coagulation. J Clin Neurosci. Apr 2009;16(4):531-4. [Medline].
Falci SP, Indeck C, Lammertse DP. Posttraumatic spinal cord tethering and syringomyelia: surgical treatment and long-term outcome. J Neurosurg Spine. Oct 2009;11(4):445-60. [Medline].
Sixt C, Riether F, Will BE, Tatagiba MS, Roser F. Evaluation of quality of life parameters in patients who have syringomyelia. J Clin Neurosci. Oct 7 2009;[Medline].
Attal N, Parker F, Tadie M, et al. Effects of surgery on the sensory deficits of syringomyelia and predictors of outcome: a long term prospective study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. Jul 2004;75(7):1025-30. [Medline].
Carroll AM, Brackenridge P. Post-traumatic syringomyelia: a review of the cases presenting in a regional spinal injuries unit in the north east of England over a 5-year period. Spine. May 15 2005;30(10):1206-10. [Medline].
Chang HS, Nakagawa H. Hypothesis on the pathophysiology of syringomyelia based on simulation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. Mar 2003;74(3):344-7. [Medline].
Colombo A, Cislaghi MG. Familial syringomyelia: case report and review of the literature. Ital J Neurol Sci. Dec 1993;14(9):637-9. [Medline].
Greitz D. Unraveling the riddle of syringomyelia. Neurosurg Rev. Oct 2006;29(4):251-63; discussion 264. [Medline].
Gruber DP, Crone KR. Neuroendoscopy. In: Grossman RG, Loftus CM, eds. Principles of Neurosurgery. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1998:757-62.
Huewel N, Perneczky A, Urban V, Fries G. Neuroendoscopic technique for the operative treatment of septated syringomyelia. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien). 1992;54:59-62. [Medline].
Kaminsky SB, Clark CR, Traynelis VC. Operative treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and radiculopathy. A comparison of laminectomy and laminoplasty at five year average follow-up. Iowa Orthop J. 2004;24:95-105. [Medline].
Koyanagi I, Iwasaki Y, Hida K, Houkin K. Clinical features and pathomechanisms of syringomyelia associated with spinal arachnoiditis. Surg Neurol. Apr 2005;63(4):350-5; discussion 355-6. [Medline].
Lin JW, Lin MS, Lin CM, Tseng CH, Tsai SH, Kan IH. Idiopathic syringomyelia: case report and review of the literature. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2006;99:117-20. [Medline].
Madsen III PW, Green BA, Bowen BC. Syringomyelia. In: Herkowitz HN, Garfin SR, Balderston RA, et al, eds. The Spine. 2. 4th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company; 1999:1431-59.
Mancall EL. Syringomyelia. In: Rowland LP, ed. Merritt's Textbook of Neurology. 1989. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 687-91.
Milhorat TH, Capocelli AL Jr, Kotzen RM. Intramedullary pressure in syringomyelia: clinical and pathophysiological correlates of syrinx distension. Neurosurgery. Nov 1997;41(5):1102-10. [Medline].
Milhorat TH, Kotzen RM, Mu HT, et al. Dysesthetic pain in patients with syringomyelia. Neurosurgery. May 1996;38(5):940-6; discussion 946-7. [Medline].
Mueller D, Oro' JJ. Prospective analysis of self-perceived quality of life before and after posterior fossa decompression in 112 patients with Chiari malformation with or without syringomyelia. Neurosurg Focus. Feb 15 2005;18(2):ECP2. [Medline].
Oakes WJ. Chiari malformation and syringomyelia. In: Rengachary SS, Wilkins RA, eds. Principles of Neurosurgery. St. Louis, Mo: Wolfe; 1994:9.1-9.17.
Penagaricano JA, Linskey ME, Ratanatharathorn V. Accelerated cerebral vasculopathy after radiation therapy to the brain. Neurol India. Dec 2004;52(4):482-6. [Medline].
Rhoton AL, Hamilton AJ. Chiari malformation and syringomyelia. In: Benzel EC, ed. Spine Surgery: Techniques, Complication Avoidance, and Management. 2. Boston: Churchill-Livingstone; 1999:793-812.
Rusbridge C, Greitz D, Iskandar BJ. Syringomyelia: current concepts in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. J Vet Intern Med. May-Jun 2006;20(3):469-79. [Medline].
Simon RP, Aminoff MJ, Greenberg DA. Clinical Neurology. 4th ed. Norwalk, Conn: Appleton-Lange; 1999:220-1.
Sudo K, Miyazaki Y, Tajima Y. Spontaneous resolution of idiopathic syringomyelia. Neurology. May 28 2002;58(10):1576-7; author reply 1577. [Medline].
Wisoff JH. Chiari Malformations and Hydromyelia. In: Tindall GT, Cooper PR, Barrow D, eds. The Practice of Neurosurgery. 3. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1995:2743-53.

