Carotid Ultrasound: Multimedia

References

1. Grant EG, Benson CB, Moneta GL, et al. Carotid artery stenosis: grayscale and Doppler ultrasound diagnosis--Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound consensus conference. Ultrasound Q. Dec 2003;19(4):190-8. [Medline].

2. O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, Manolio TA, Burke GL, Wolfson SK Jr. Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. N Engl J Med. Jan 7 1999;340(1):14-22. [Medline].

3. Roman MJ, Naqvi TZ, Gardin JM, Gerhard-Herman M, Jaff M, Mohler E. American society of echocardiography report. Clinical application of noninvasive vascular ultrasound in cardiovascular risk stratification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology. Vasc Med. Nov 2006;11(3):201-11. [Medline].

Further Reading

Kremkau FW. Doppler Ultrasound: Principles and Instruments. 7^th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 2006.

Peterson BG, Longo GM, Kibbe MR, et al. Duplex ultrasound remains a reliable test even after carotid stenting. Ann Vasc Surg. 2006;19:793-7. [Medline].

Tegeler CH, Babikian VL, Gomez CR. Neurosonology. St Louis, Mo: Mosby; 1996.

Keywords

carotid duplex ultrasonography, CUS, cervical carotid artery disease, blood flow velocity, blood velocity, color flow imaging, Doppler, Doppler imaging, brightness-mode imaging, B-mode imaging, duplex, frequency, power Doppler, sonography, spectral analysis, angiography, pulse-echo, hemodynamics, stenosis, Doppler phenomenon, Doppler shift, wave properties, ultrasound, spatial pulse length, SPL, tissue attenuation, hemodynamics, Reynolds number, law of Poiseuille, volume flow, Doppler effect, ultrasonic waves, pulse repetition frequency, PRF, pulser, mechanical beam former, electronic beam former, transducer, plaque, common carotid artery, CCA, internal carotid artery, ICA, external carotid artery, ECA, arterial occlusion, peak systolic velocity, PSV, end diastolic velocity, EDV, intimal-medial thickness

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Brian Silver, MD, FRCPC, FAHA,, Consulting Staff, Assistant Professor of Neurology (Clinician-Educator), Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital
Brian Silver, MD, FRCPC, FAHA, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Medical Association, American Society of Neuroimaging, American Stroke Association, Massachusetts Medical Society, Michigan State Medical Society, and Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Draga Jichici, BSc, MD, FRCP, Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology and Critical Care Medicine, McMaster University, Canada
Disclosure: Biogen Honoraria Review panel membership; Sanofi Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Merk and Frost Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Teva Neurosciences Honoraria Speaking and teaching

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Howard S Kirshner, MD, Professor of Neurology, Psychiatry and Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vice Chairman, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Director, Vanderbilt Stroke Center; Program Director, Stroke Service, Vanderbilt Stallworth Rehabilitation Hospital; Consulting Staff, Department of Neurology, Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Howard S Kirshner, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Neurology, American Heart Association, American Medical Association, American Neurological Association, American Society of Neurorehabilitation, National Stroke Association, Phi Beta Kappa, and Tennessee Medical Association
Disclosure: Boehringer Ingelheim Honoraria Speaking and teaching; BMS/Sanofi Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Novartis Honoraria Speaking and teaching

CME Editor

Matthew J Baker, MD, Consulting Staff, Collier Neurologic Specialists, Naples Community Hospital
Matthew J Baker, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Helmi L Lutsep, MD, Professor, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University; Associate Director, Oregon Stroke Center
Helmi L Lutsep, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology and American Stroke Association
Disclosure: Co-Axia Consulting fee Review panel membership; Talecris Consulting fee Review panel membership; AGA Medical Consulting fee Review panel membership; Boehringer Ingelheim Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Concentric Medical Consulting fee Review panel membership; Abbott Consulting fee Consulting; Sanofi  Consulting