eMedicine Specialties > Neurology > Neurological Infections

HIV-1 Associated Vacuolar Myelopathy: Multimedia

Author: Niranjan N Singh, MD, DNB, Fellow in Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, St Louis University School of Medicine
Coauthor(s): Florian P Thomas, MD, MA, PhD, Drmed, Director, Spinal Cord Injury Unit, St Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Director, National MS Society Multiple Sclerosis Center; Associate Program Director, Professor, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Associate Professor, Institute for Molecular Virology, and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, St Louis University
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Mar 14, 2007

Multimedia

Spinal cord from patient with vacuolar myelopathy...Media file 1: Spinal cord from patient with vacuolar myelopathy that shows extensive spongiform changes in the white matter (Luxol fast blue stain) (contributed by Dr. Beth Levy, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO).
Spinal cord from patient with vacuolar myelopathy...

Spinal cord from patient with vacuolar myelopathy that shows extensive spongiform changes in the white matter (Luxol fast blue stain) (contributed by Dr. Beth Levy, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO).

Marked vacuolation is apparent in this Luxol fast...Media file 2: Marked vacuolation is apparent in this Luxol fast blue stained photomicrograph (contributed by Dr. Beth Levy, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO).
Marked vacuolation is apparent in this Luxol fast...

Marked vacuolation is apparent in this Luxol fast blue stained photomicrograph (contributed by Dr. Beth Levy, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO).

High-intensity lesion in the C2-C5 posterior spin...Media file 3: High-intensity lesion in the C2-C5 posterior spinal cord on T2-weighted sagittal MRI image consistent with HIV myelopathy
High-intensity lesion in the C2-C5 posterior spin...

High-intensity lesion in the C2-C5 posterior spinal cord on T2-weighted sagittal MRI image consistent with HIV myelopathy

High-intensity lesion in the posterior cervical c...Media file 4: High-intensity lesion in the posterior cervical cord on T2-weighted axial MRI image consistent with HIV myelopathy
High-intensity lesion in the posterior cervical c...

High-intensity lesion in the posterior cervical cord on T2-weighted axial MRI image consistent with HIV myelopathy

More on HIV-1 Associated Vacuolar Myelopathy

Overview: HIV-1 Associated Vacuolar Myelopathy
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: HIV-1 Associated Vacuolar Myelopathy
Treatment & Medication: HIV-1 Associated Vacuolar Myelopathy
Follow-up: HIV-1 Associated Vacuolar Myelopathy
Multimedia: HIV-1 Associated Vacuolar Myelopathy
References

References

  1. Anneken K, Fischera M, Evers S. Recurrent vacuolar myelopathy in HIV infection. J Infect. Jun 2006;52(6):e181-3. [Medline].

  2. Chong J, Di Rocco A, Tagliati M, et al. MR findings in AIDS-associated myelopathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. Sep 1999;20(8):1412-6. [Medline].

  3. Di Rocco A, Tagliati M, Danisi F, et al. A pilot study of L-methionine for the treatment of AIDS-associated myelopathy. Neurology. Jul 1998;51(1):266-8. [Medline].

  4. Di Rocco A, Werner P, Bottiglieri T, et al. Treatment of AIDS-associated myelopathy with L-methionine: a placebo-controlled study. Neurology. Oct 12 2004;63(7):1270-5. [Medline].

  5. DiRocco A. HIV-associated myelopathy. Current Treatment Options in Infectious Diseases. Vol 5. 2003:457-465.

  6. Eilbott DJ, Peress N, Burger H, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in spinal cords of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with myelopathy: expression and replication in macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. May 1989;86(9):3337-41. [Medline].

  7. Fernandez-Fernandez FJ, de la Fuente-Aguado J, Ocampo-Hermida A. Remission of HIV-associated myelopathy after highly active antiretroviraltherapy. J Postgrad Med. 2004;50(3):195-6. [Medline].

  8. Gendelman HE, Lipton SA, Epstein L. The Neurology of AIDS. New York: Chapman & Hall;1998.

  9. Petito CK, Navia BA, Cho ES, et al. Vacuolar myelopathy pathologically resembling subacute combined degeneration in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med. Apr 4 1985;312(14):874-9. [Medline].

  10. Price RW, Perry SW. HIV, AIDS, and the Brain. New York: Raven Press;1994.

  11. Said G, Saimont AG, Lacroix C. Neurological Complications of HIV and AIDS. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders;1998.

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  13. Sartoretti-Schefer S, Blattler T, Wichmann W. Spinal MRI in vacuolar myelopathy, and correlation with histopathological findings. Neuroradiology. Dec 1997;39(12):865-9. [Medline].

  14. Staudinger R, Henry K. Remission of HIV myelopathy after highly active antiretroviral therapy. Neurology. Jan 11 2000;54(1):267-8. [Medline].

  15. Tagliati M, Di Rocco A, Danisi F, Simpson DM. The role of somatosensory evoked potentials in the diagnosis of AIDS-associated myelopathy. Neurology. Apr 11 2000;54(7):1477-82. [Medline].

  16. Tyor WR, Glass JD, Baumrind N, et al. Cytokine expression of macrophages in HIV-1-associated vacuolar myelopathy. Neurology. May 1993;43(5):1002-9. [Medline].

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Further Reading

Keywords

HIV-1 associated myelopathy, AIDS myelopathy, AIDS dementia complex, peripheral neuropathies, opportunistic central nervous system infections, opportunistic peripheral nervous system infections, central nervous system malignancies, cytomegalovirus, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, lymphoma, HIV-1 infection complications, neuropathy, HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Niranjan N Singh, MD, DNB, Fellow in Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, St Louis University School of Medicine
Niranjan N Singh, MD, DNB is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Florian P Thomas, MD, MA, PhD, Drmed, Director, Spinal Cord Injury Unit, St Louis Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Director, National MS Society Multiple Sclerosis Center; Associate Program Director, Professor, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Associate Professor, Institute for Molecular Virology, and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, St Louis University
Florian P Thomas, MD, MA, PhD, Drmed is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Paraplegia Society, and National Multiple Sclerosis Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Michael J Schneck, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine
Disclosure: boehringer-ingelheim Honoraria Speaking and teaching; sanofi/bms Honoraria Speaking and teaching; pfizer Honoraria Speaking and teaching; genentech Honoraria Speaking and teaching; ucb pharma Honoraria Speaking and teaching; talecris Consulting fee Other; nmt medical  Independent contractor; NIH Grant/research funds Independent contractor; vernalis Grant/research funds Independent contractor; sanofi Grant/research funds Independent contractor

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Glenn Lopate, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine; Chief of Neurology, St Louis ConnectCare, Consulting Staff, Barnes Jewish Hospital
Glenn Lopate, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine, and Phi Beta Kappa
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Selim R Benbadis, MD, Professor, Director of Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa General Hospital
Selim R Benbadis, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, American Epilepsy Society, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Nicholas Y Lorenzo, MD, Chief Editor, eMedicine Neurology; Consulting Staff, Neurology Specialists and Consultants
Nicholas Y Lorenzo, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha and American Academy of Neurology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
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