C-11 Hydroxylase Deficiency Follow-up

  • Author: Gabriel I Uwaifo, MBBS; Chief Editor: George T Griffing, MD   more...
 
Updated: Nov 16, 2011
 

Complications

  • Complications result from inadequate or excess glucocorticoid therapy.
  • Inadequate glucocorticoid therapy in patients with 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency could result in exacerbation of the symptomatology associated with the disease, including virilization in females, hyperpigmentation, and accelerated growth in early childhood (with consequent early epiphysial fusion and, thus, short adult stature).
    • For males, inadequate treatment could encourage the growth of adrenal rest tumors that, when present in the testicles, are known to be associated with oligospermia and consequently infertility.
    • The problems of virilization and precocious puberty associated with poorly treated cases also result in myriad adjustment, self-image, identity, and mood disorders that often require long-term treatment and counseling by mental health professionals.
    • Patients with a poorly controlled condition may also have poorly controlled hypertension and the well-known cardiovascular sequelae.
  • Excessive glucocorticoid therapy is also associated with a litany of potential medical problems, as typified in patients with Cushing syndrome. Among the major conditions that must be carefully looked for are truncal obesity, poor wound healing, osteoporosis, chronic insomnia, and an increased risk for diabetes, dyspeptic ulcer disease with bleeding, and glaucoma
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Patient Education

  • Patients should wear medic alert bracelets stating the potential for adrenal insufficiency.
  • Patients should have emergency intramuscular hydrocortisone at home. The patient and family members should be properly educated in its administration in case oral intake is not possible.
  • Patients should know the features of glucocorticoid excess and glucocorticoid deficiency and should receive education in the early detection of these conditions.
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Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Gabriel I Uwaifo, MBBS  Clinical and Research Attending, Assistant Professor of Medicine and Endocrinology, MedStar Clinical Research Center, MedStar Research Institute and Washington Hospital Center

Gabriel I Uwaifo, MBBS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, American Diabetes Association, American Medical Association, American Society of Hypertension, and Endocrine Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Ghassem Pourmotabbed, MD†  Former Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Tennessee School of Medicine and Health Science Center

Ghassem Pourmotabbed, MD† is a member of the following medical societies: American Diabetes Association, American Federation for Medical Research, and Endocrine Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD  Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

Arthur B Chausmer, MD, PhD, FACP, FACE, FACN, CNS  Professor of Medicine (Endocrinology, Adj), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Affiliate Research Professor, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, School of Computational Sciences, George Mason University; Principal, C/A Informatics, LLC

Arthur B Chausmer, MD, PhD, FACP, FACE, FACN, CNS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Endocrinology, American College of Nutrition, American College of Physicians, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, American Medical Informatics Association, American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, Endocrine Society, and International Society for Clinical Densitometry

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Mark Cooper, MBBS, PhD, FRACP  Head, Diabetes & Metabolism Division, Baker Heart Research Institute, Professor of Medicine, Monash University

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

George T Griffing, MD  Professor of Medicine, St Louis University School of Medicine

George T Griffing, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American College of Medical Practice Executives, American College of Physician Executives, American College of Physicians, American Diabetes Association, American Federation for Medical Research, American Heart Association, Central Society for Clinical Research, Endocrine Society, International Society for Clinical Densitometry, and Southern Society for Clinical Investigation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Additional Contributors

Deborah P Merke, MD, Chief of Pediatric Services, Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center; Clinical Investigator, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, contributed to this article.

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