eMedicine Specialties > Neurology > Pediatric Neurology

Medulloblastoma: Multimedia

Author: George I Jallo, MD, Associate Professor of Neurosurgery, Pediatrics and Oncology, Director, Clinical Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Coauthor(s): Alvin Marcovici, MD, Consulting Staff, Southcoast Neurosurgery
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Dec 4, 2008

Multimedia

CT scan demonstrates a hyperdense lesion within t...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 1: CT scan demonstrates a hyperdense lesion within the posterior fossa of an 8-year-old boy who presented with nausea and vomiting.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
CT scan demonstrates a hyperdense lesion within t...

CT scan demonstrates a hyperdense lesion within the posterior fossa of an 8-year-old boy who presented with nausea and vomiting.

T1-weighted sagittal MRI of an 8-year-old boy who...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 2: T1-weighted sagittal MRI of an 8-year-old boy who presented with nausea and vomiting reveals an enhancing tumor within the fourth ventricle. The child underwent a suboccipital craniotomy and resection of his medulloblastoma.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
T1-weighted sagittal MRI of an 8-year-old boy who...

T1-weighted sagittal MRI of an 8-year-old boy who presented with nausea and vomiting reveals an enhancing tumor within the fourth ventricle. The child underwent a suboccipital craniotomy and resection of his medulloblastoma.

T1-weighted sagittal MRI of 4-year-old boy who pr...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 3: T1-weighted sagittal MRI of 4-year-old boy who presented with gait ataxia and precocious puberty. MRI shows a heterogenous enhancing tumor located within the fourth ventricle with marked hydrocephalus.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
T1-weighted sagittal MRI of 4-year-old boy who pr...

T1-weighted sagittal MRI of 4-year-old boy who presented with gait ataxia and precocious puberty. MRI shows a heterogenous enhancing tumor located within the fourth ventricle with marked hydrocephalus.

T1-weighted axial MRI shows heterogeneous enhance...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 4: T1-weighted axial MRI shows heterogeneous enhancement of the medulloblastoma in a 4-year-old boy who presented with gait ataxia and precocious puberty.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
T1-weighted axial MRI shows heterogeneous enhance...

T1-weighted axial MRI shows heterogeneous enhancement of the medulloblastoma in a 4-year-old boy who presented with gait ataxia and precocious puberty.

Coronal MRI confirms the presence of the tumor wi...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 5: Coronal MRI confirms the presence of the tumor within the fourth ventricle of a 4-year-old boy who presented with gait ataxia and precocious puberty.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Coronal MRI confirms the presence of the tumor wi...

Coronal MRI confirms the presence of the tumor within the fourth ventricle of a 4-year-old boy who presented with gait ataxia and precocious puberty.

High-power magnification hematoxylin and eosin (H...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 6: High-power magnification hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) section of a typical medulloblastoma
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
High-power magnification hematoxylin and eosin (H...

High-power magnification hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) section of a typical medulloblastoma

More on Medulloblastoma

Overview: Medulloblastoma
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Medulloblastoma
Treatment & Medication: Medulloblastoma
Follow-up: Medulloblastoma
Multimedia: Medulloblastoma
References
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]

References

  1. Bailey P, Cushing H. A common type of midcerebellar glioma of childhood. Arch Neurol Psychiatr. 1925;14:192-224.

  2. Rorke LB. The cerebellar medulloblastoma and its relationship to primitive neuroectodermal tumors. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. Jan 1983;42(1):1-15. [Medline].

  3. Albright AL, Wisoff JH, Zeltzer PM, Boyett JM, Rorke LB, Stanley P. Effects of medulloblastoma resections on outcome in children: a report from the Children's Cancer Group. Neurosurgery. Feb 1996;38(2):265-71. [Medline].

  4. Allen JC, Epstein F. Medulloblastoma and other primary malignant neuroectodermal tumors of the CNS. The effect of patients' age and extent of disease on prognosis. J Neurosurg. Oct 1982;57(4):446-51. [Medline].

  5. Ater JL, van Eys J, Woo SY, et al. MOPP chemotherapy without irradiation as primary postsurgical therapy for brain tumors in infants and young children. J Neurooncol. May 1997;32(3):243-52. [Medline].

  6. Bailey CC, Gnekow A, Wellek S, et al. Prospective randomised trial of chemotherapy given before radiotherapy in childhood medulloblastoma. International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) and the (German) Society of Paediatric Oncology (GPO): SIOP II. Med Pediatr Oncol. Sep 1995;25(3):166-78. [Medline].

  7. Balter-Seri J, Mor C, Shuper A, et al. Cure of recurrent medulloblastoma: the contribution of surgical resection at relapse. Cancer. Mar 15 1997;79(6):1241-7. [Medline].

  8. Blaser SI, Harwood-Nash DC. Neuroradiology of pediatric posterior fossa medulloblastoma. J Neurooncol. Jul 1996;29(1):23-34. [Medline].

  9. Carrie C, Muracciole X, Gomez F, et al. Conformal radiotherapy, reduced boost volume, hyperfractionated radiotherapy, and online quality control in standard-risk medulloblastoma without chemotherapy: results of the French M-SFOP 98 protocol. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. Nov 1 2005;63(3):711-6. [Medline].

  10. Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. An operative staging system and a megavoltage radiotherapeutic technic for cerebellar medulloblastomas. Radiology. Dec 1969;93(6):1351-9. [Medline].

  11. Cohen BH, Packer RJ. Chemotherapy for medulloblastomas and primitive neuroectodermal tumors. J Neurooncol. Jul 1996;29(1):55-68. [Medline].

  12. Dennis M, Spiegler BJ, Hetherington CR, et al. Neuropsychological sequelae of the treatment of children with medulloblastoma. J Neurooncol. Jul 1996;29(1):91-101. [Medline].

  13. Dunkel IJ, Boyett JM, Yates A, Rosenblum M, Garvin JH Jr, Bostrom BC, et al. High-dose carboplatin, thiotepa, and etoposide with autologous stem-cell rescue for patients with recurrent medulloblastoma. Children's Cancer Group. J Clin Oncol. Jan 1998;16(1):222-8. [Medline].

  14. Friedberg MH, David O, Adelman LS. Recurrence of medulloblastoma: violation of Collins' law after two decades. Surg Neurol. Jun 1997;47(6):571-4. [Medline].

  15. Giordana MT, Cavalla P, Dutto A, et al. Is medulloblastoma the same tumor in children and adults?. J Neurooncol. Nov 1997;35(2):169-76. [Medline].

  16. Giordana MT, Migheli A, Pavanelli E. Isochromosome 17q is a constant finding in medulloblastoma. An interphase cytogenetic study on tissue sections. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. Jun 1998;24(3):233-8. [Medline].

  17. Giordana MT, Schiffer P, Schiffer D. Prognostic factors in medulloblastoma. Childs Nerv Syst. Jun 1998;14(6):256-62. [Medline].

  18. Giralt J, Sánchez de Toledo J, Moraga F, et al. Improving survival of medulloblastoma: results in two groups of patients. Oncology. Jan-Feb 1996;53(1):38-42. [Medline].

  19. Jenkin D. The radiation treatment of medulloblastoma. J Neurooncol. Jul 1996;29(1):45-54. [Medline].

  20. Kiltie AE, Lashford LS, Gattamaneni HR. Survival and late effects in medulloblastoma patients treated with craniospinal irradiation under three years old. Med Pediatr Oncol. May 1997;28(5):348-54. [Medline].

  21. Miralbell R, Bieri S, Huguenin P, et al. Prognostic value of cerebrospinal fluid cytology in pediatric medulloblastoma. Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group. Ann Oncol. Feb 1999;10(2):239-41. [Medline].

  22. Pollack IF, Polinko P, Albright AL, et al. Mutism and pseudobulbar symptoms after resection of posterior fossa tumors in children: incidence and pathophysiology. Neurosurgery. Nov 1995;37(5):885-93. [Medline].

  23. Rossi A, Caracciolo V, Russo G, Reiss K, Giordano A. Medulloblastoma: from molecular pathology to therapy. Clin Cancer Res. Feb 15 2008;14(4):971-6. [Medline].

  24. Rutka JT, Hoffman HJ. Medulloblastoma: a historical perspective and overview. J Neurooncol. Jul 1996;29(1):1-7. [Medline].

  25. Saran FH, Driever PH, Thilmann C, et al. Survival of very young children with medulloblastoma (primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the posterior fossa) treated with craniospinal irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. Dec 1 1998;42(5):959-67. [Medline].

  26. Schmandt S, Kuhl J. Chemotherapy as prophylaxis and treatment of meningosis in children less than 3 years of age with medulloblastoma. J Neurooncol. Jun-Jul 1998;38(2-3):187-92. [Medline].

  27. Sure U, Berghorn WJ, Bertalanffy H. Collins' law. Prediction of recurrence or cure in childhood medulloblastoma?. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. May 1997;99(2):113-6. [Medline].

  28. Sutton LN, Phillips PC, Molloy PT. Surgical management of medulloblastoma. J Neurooncol. Jul 1996;29(1):9-21. [Medline].

  29. Tomita T. Medulloblastomas. In: Youmans JR, ed. Neurolgical Surgery. Vol 4. 5th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1996:2570-92.

  30. Weil MD, Lamborn K, Edwards MS, Wara WM. Influence of a child's sex on medulloblastoma outcome. JAMA. May 13 1998;279(18):1474-6. [Medline].

  31. Weitman DM, Cogen PH. Contemporary management of medulloblastoma. Contemporary Neurosurgery. 1998;20(2):1-8.

  32. Whelan HT, Krouwer HG, Schmidt MH, et al. Current therapy and new perspectives in the treatment of medulloblastoma. Pediatr Neurol. Feb 1998;18(2):103-15. [Medline].

  33. Yang SY, Wang KC, Cho BK, et al. Radiation-induced cerebellar glioblastoma at the site of a treated medulloblastoma: case report. J Neurosurg. May 2005;102(4 Suppl):417-22. [Medline].

  34. Zeltzer PM, Boyett JM, Finlay JL, Albright AL, Rorke LB, Milstein JM, et al. Metastasis stage, adjuvant treatment, and residual tumor are prognostic factors for medulloblastoma in children: conclusions from the Children's Cancer Group 921 randomized phase III study. J Clin Oncol. Mar 1999;17(3):832-45. [Medline].

[ CLOSE WINDOW ]

Further Reading

[ CLOSE WINDOW ]

Keywords

medulloblastoma, tumor, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, PNET, Gorlin syndrome, nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, blue rubber-bleb nevus syndrome, Turcot syndrome, glioma polyposis syndrome, Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome

[ CLOSE WINDOW ]

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

George I Jallo, MD, Associate Professor of Neurosurgery, Pediatrics and Oncology, Director, Clinical Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
George I Jallo, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Neurological Surgeons, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, and American Society of Pediatric Neurosurgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Alvin Marcovici, MD, Consulting Staff, Southcoast Neurosurgery
Alvin Marcovici, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Neurological Surgeons, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, and Phi Beta Kappa
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Raj D Sheth, MD, Division Chief, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Nemours Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
Raj D Sheth, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Epilepsy Society, American Neurological Association, and Child Neurology Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Kenneth J Mack, MD, PhD, Senior Associate Consultant, Department of Child and Adolescent Neurology, Mayo Clinic
Kenneth J Mack, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, Child Neurology Society, Phi Beta Kappa, and Society for Neuroscience
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Matthew J Baker, MD, Consulting Staff, Collier Neurologic Specialists, Naples Community Hospital
Matthew J Baker, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Amy Kao, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University; Consulting Staff, Shriners Hospital for Children
Amy Kao, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Epilepsy Society, and Child Neurology Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
HONcode

We subscribe to the
HONcode principles of the
Health On the Net Foundation

All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright© 1994- by Medscape.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

DISCLAIMER: The content of this Website is not influenced by sponsors. The site is designed primarily for use by qualified physicians and other medical professionals. The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only. In no way should it be considered as offering medical advice. Please check with a physician if you suspect you are ill.