eMedicine Specialties > Neurology > Sleep-Related Diseases

Insomnia: Multimedia

Author: Erasmo A Passaro, MD, Director, Comprehensive Epilepsy Program/Clinical Neurophysiology Lab, Bayfront Medical Center Florida Center for Neurology
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Aug 3, 2009

Multimedia

Theoretical model of the factors causing chronic ...
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Media file 1: Theoretical model of the factors causing chronic insomnia. Chronic insomnia is believed to primarily occur in patients with predisposing or constitutional factors. These factors may cause the occasional night of poor sleep but not chronic insomnia. A precipitating factor, such as a major life event, causes the patient to have acute insomnia. If poor sleep habits or other perpetuating factors occur in the following weeks to months, chronic insomnia develops despite the removal of the precipitating factor. Adapted from Spielman AJ, Caruso LS, Glovinsky PB: A behavioral perspective on insomnia treatment. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1987 Dec;10(4):541-53.
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Theoretical model of the factors causing chronic ...

Theoretical model of the factors causing chronic insomnia. Chronic insomnia is believed to primarily occur in patients with predisposing or constitutional factors. These factors may cause the occasional night of poor sleep but not chronic insomnia. A precipitating factor, such as a major life event, causes the patient to have acute insomnia. If poor sleep habits or other perpetuating factors occur in the following weeks to months, chronic insomnia develops despite the removal of the precipitating factor. Adapted from Spielman AJ, Caruso LS, Glovinsky PB: A behavioral perspective on insomnia treatment. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1987 Dec;10(4):541-53.

Mallampati airway scoring.
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Media file 2: Mallampati airway scoring.
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Mallampati airway scoring.

Mallampati airway scoring.

Diagnostic algorithm for major depression.
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Media file 3: Diagnostic algorithm for major depression.
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Diagnostic algorithm for major depression.

Diagnostic algorithm for major depression.

Diagnostic criteria for generalized anxiety disor...
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Media file 4: Diagnostic criteria for generalized anxiety disorder.
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Diagnostic criteria for generalized anxiety disor...

Diagnostic criteria for generalized anxiety disorder.

Sleep diary.
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Media file 5: Sleep diary.
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Sleep diary.

Sleep diary.

GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptor subunit function(s).
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Media file 6: GABAA receptor subunit function(s).
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GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptor subunit function(s).

GABAA receptor subunit function(s).

GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptor complex subunits and sc...
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Media file 7: GABAA receptor complex subunits and schematic representation of agonist binding sites.
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GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptor complex subunits and sc...

GABAA receptor complex subunits and schematic representation of agonist binding sites.

Sleep-wake cycle.
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Media file 8: Sleep-wake cycle.
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Sleep-wake cycle.

Sleep-wake cycle.

The ascending arousal system. Adapted from Saper ...
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Media file 9: The ascending arousal system. Adapted from Saper et al. Hypothalamic Regulation of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms. Nature 2005;437:1257-1263.
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The ascending arousal system. Adapted from Saper ...

The ascending arousal system. Adapted from Saper et al. Hypothalamic Regulation of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms. Nature 2005;437:1257-1263.

Ventrolateral pre-optic nucleus inhibitory projec...
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Media file 10: Ventrolateral pre-optic nucleus inhibitory projections to main components of the arousal system to promote sleep.
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Ventrolateral pre-optic nucleus inhibitory projec...

Ventrolateral pre-optic nucleus inhibitory projections to main components of the arousal system to promote sleep.

Schematic flip-flop switch model. Adapted from Sa...
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Media file 11: Schematic flip-flop switch model. Adapted from Saper C et al. Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms. Nature 2005;437:1257-1263.
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Schematic flip-flop switch model. Adapted from Sa...

Schematic flip-flop switch model. Adapted from Saper C et al. Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms. Nature 2005;437:1257-1263.

Epworth Sleepiness Scale.
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Media file 12: Epworth Sleepiness Scale.
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Epworth Sleepiness Scale.

Epworth Sleepiness Scale.

Frequency of insomnia causes.
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Media file 13: Frequency of insomnia causes.
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Frequency of insomnia causes.

Frequency of insomnia causes.

More on Insomnia

Overview: Insomnia
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Insomnia
Treatment & Medication: Insomnia
Follow-up: Insomnia
Multimedia: Insomnia
References
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References

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Further Reading

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Keywords

insomnia, sleep disorder, sleep problem, sleep symptom, sleep complaint, sleeplessness, inability to sleep, transient insomnia, short-term insomnia, chronic insomnia, insomnia, sedative, hypnotic, melatonin, sleep loss 

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Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Erasmo A Passaro, MD, Director, Comprehensive Epilepsy Program/Clinical Neurophysiology Lab, Bayfront Medical Center Florida Center for Neurology
Erasmo A Passaro, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, American Epilepsy Society, American Medical Association, and American Society of Neuroimaging
Disclosure: Glaxo Smith Kline Honoraria Speaking and teaching; UCB Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Pfizer Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Takeda Honoraria Speaking and teaching

Medical Editor

Carmel Armon, MD, MSc, MHS, Professor of Neurology, Tufts University School of Medicine; Chief, Division of Neurology, Baystate Medical Center
Carmel Armon, MD, MSc, MHS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine, American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, American College of Physicians, American Epilepsy Society, American Medical Association, American Neurological Association, American Stroke Association, Massachusetts Medical Society, Movement Disorders Society, and Sigma Xi
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Jose E Cavazos, MD, PhD, FAAN, Associate Professor with Tenure, Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology, and Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Co-Director, South Texas Comprehensive Epilepsy Center; Director of the Epilepsy Center, Audie L Murphy Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Jose E Cavazos, MD, PhD, FAAN is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, American Epilepsy Society, and Society for Neuroscience
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Selim R Benbadis, MD, Professor, Director of Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa General Hospital
Selim R Benbadis, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, American Epilepsy Society, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
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