eMedicine Specialties > Ophthalmology > Cornea
Dystrophy, Lattice: Differential Diagnoses & Workup
Updated: Mar 15, 2006
- Overview
- Differential Diagnoses & Workup
- Treatment & Medication
- Follow-up
- Multimedia
Differential Diagnoses
Corneal Erosion, Recurrent
Dystrophy, Granular
Dystrophy, Macular
Workup
Laboratory Studies
- Genetic analysis performed in research labs can reveal the genetic mutation of lattice corneal dystrophy. This is not a routine study at this time.
- A genetic analysis can determine the specific mutation on the BIG H3 gene of chromosome 5, which can allow for the precise diagnosis of the subtype of lattice dystrophy and can be useful for differentiating lattice dystrophy from Avellino dystrophy, granular dystrophy, and Reis-Bückler dystrophy (all which have mutations of the BIG H3 gene).
Procedures
- Corneal biopsy (which would never be indicated clinically) would reveal amyloid in the corneal stroma.
Histologic Findings
The deposits are amyloid, which stain orange-red with Congo red. They also stain with periodic-acid Schiff (PAS) and Masson trichrome. Under polarized light, the deposits exhibit birefringence and red-green dichroism.
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Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Dystrophy, Lattice |
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References
Albert D, Jakobiec F. Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology. Vol 1. 1994: 26-49.
Das S, Langenbucher A, Seitz B. Excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy for granular and lattice corneal dystrophy: a comparative study. J Refract Surg. Nov-Dec 2005;21(6):727-31. [Medline].
Das S, Langenbucher A, Seitz B. Delayed healing of corneal epithelium after phototherapeutic keratectomy for lattice dystrophy. Cornea. Apr 2005;24(3):283-7. [Medline].
Kawashima M, Yamada M, Funayama T, et al. Six cases of late-onset lattice corneal dystrophy associated with gene mutations induced by the transforming growth factor-beta. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. Feb 2005;109(2):93-100. [Medline].
Krachmer J. Cornea (3 volume set). Vol 2. 1996.
Mashima Y, Yamamoto S, Inoue Y, et al. Association of autosomal dominantly inherited corneal dystrophies with BIGH3 gene mutations in Japan. Am J Ophthalmol. Oct 2000;130(4):516-7. [Medline].
Stone EM, Mathers WD, Rosenwasser GO, et al. Three autosomal dominant corneal dystrophies map to chromosome 5q. Nat Genet. 1994;6(1):47-51. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
lattice dystrophy, corneal dystrophy, stromal dystrophy, stromal dystrophies, corneal erosion, corneal transplant, phototherapeutic keratectomy, PTK
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Dystrophy, Lattice