eMedicine Specialties > Ophthalmology > Cornea
Keratoconjunctivitis, Atopic: Differential Diagnoses & Workup
Updated: Jan 16, 2009
- Overview
- Differential Diagnoses & Workup
- Treatment & Medication
- Follow-up
- Multimedia
Differential Diagnoses
| Blepharitis, Adult | Red Eye Evaluation |
| Cicatricial Pemphigoid | Trachoma |
| Conjunctivitis, Allergic | |
| Conjunctivitis, Giant Papillary | |
| Conjunctivitis, Viral |
Other Problems to Be Considered
Corneal thinning and perforation
Secondary corneal infection
Steroid-response glaucoma
Vernal conjunctivitis (Large conjunctival papillae are seen under the upper eyelid in palpebral vernal or along the limbus in limbal vernal.)
Workup
Laboratory Studies
- No specific laboratory testing is mandated.
- Serum IgE levels are usually elevated during exacerbations; however, skin testing is not helpful.
Procedures
- Conjunctival biopsy can help differentiate atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) from cicatricial pemphigoid.
Histologic Findings
Conjunctival biopsy specimens reveal excessive eosinophils, mast cells, and goblet cells. Conjunctival biopsy specimens can also help to histologically differentiate AKC from cicatricial pemphigoid by the presence of basement membrane antibodies or complement components in cicatricial pemphigoid.
More on Keratoconjunctivitis, Atopic |
| Overview: Keratoconjunctivitis, Atopic |
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Keratoconjunctivitis, Atopic |
| Treatment & Medication: Keratoconjunctivitis, Atopic |
| Follow-up: Keratoconjunctivitis, Atopic |
| Multimedia: Keratoconjunctivitis, Atopic |
| References |
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References
Foster CS, Calonge M. Atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology. Aug 1990;97(8):992-1000. [Medline].
Casey R, Abelson MB. Atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Int Ophthalmol Clin. Spring 1997;37(2):111-7. [Medline].
Akpek EK, Dart JK, Watson S, et al. A randomized trial of topical cyclosporin 0.05% in topical steroid-resistant atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology. Mar 2004;111(3):476-82. [Medline].
Hingorani M, Moodaley L, Calder VL, Buckley RJ, Lightman S. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of topical cyclosporin A in steroid-dependent atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology. Sep 1998;105(9):1715-20. [Medline].
Hoang-Xuan T, Prisant O, Hannouche D, Robin H. Systemic cyclosporine A in severe atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology. Aug 1997;104(8):1300-5. [Medline].
Anzaar F, Gallagher MJ, Bhat P, Arif M, Farooqui S, Foster CS. Use of systemic T-lymphocyte signal transduction inhibitors in the treatment of atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Cornea. Sep 2008;27(8):884-8. [Medline].
Power WJ, Tugal-Tutkun I, Foster CS. Long-term follow-up of patients with atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology. Apr 1998;105(4):637-42. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
atopic keratoconjunctivitis, AKC, bilateral conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, giant papillary conjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, systemic allergy
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Keratoconjunctivitis, Atopic