Posterior Polymorphous Corneal Dystrophy Treatment & Management

  • Author: Dustin J Coupal, MD, FRCSC; Chief Editor: Hampton Roy Sr, MD   more...
 
Updated: Feb 23, 2010
 

Medical Care

Management of PPMD varies widely based on the differences in severity of corneal decompensation. Many patients who are asymptomatic and show minimal signs of PPMD can be treated conservatively and do not require therapy.

  • Ruptured corneal bullae should be treated similar to a corneal abrasion.
  • Hyperosmotic saline drops and ointments may be used in cases of corneal failure with corneal edema.
  • Secondary glaucoma may require medical or surgical management.
  • A bandage soft contact lens may be used as a temporary measure to treat bullous keratopathy.
Next

Surgical Care

  • Corneal transplantation is usually reserved for patients with substantially decreased visual acuity or when the disease is advanced and painful due to ruptured epithelial bullae. Penetrating keratoplasty (full thickness corneal transplantation) has been the transplant procedure of choice in the past. The newer techniques of posterior endothelial keratoplasty may have some advantages for some patients.
  • Rare cases of corneal graft failure due to recurrence of PPMD in the donor graft have been reported, but the most common problem following a corneal transplant is related to uncontrolled glaucoma.
  • To treat pain in eyes without good visual potential, other procedures, such as anterior stromal micropuncture, excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy, amniotic membrane transplantation, and conjunctival flap surgery, can also be considered.
  • When glaucoma medications no longer adequately control the intraocular pressure, glaucoma laser or incisional surgery may be required to prevent glaucomatous optic nerve damage.
Previous
Next

Consultations

Depending on the severity of the condition, consultation with corneal and glaucoma subspecialists may be warranted.

Previous
Proceed to Medication
 
 
Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Dustin J Coupal, MD, FRCSC  Eye Specialist and Surgeon, Private Practice

Dustin J Coupal, MD, FRCSC is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, Canadian Medical Association, Canadian Medical Protective Association, and Canadian Ophthalmological Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

W Keith Hamilton, MD  Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Saskatoon City Hospital Eye Centre

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Fernando H Murillo-Lopez, MD  Senior Surgeon, Unidad Privada de Oftalmologia CEMES

Fernando H Murillo-Lopez, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD  Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

Christopher J Rapuano, MD  Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University; Director of the Cornea Service, Co-Director of Refractive Surgery Department, Wills Eye Institute

Christopher J Rapuano, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists, Cornea Society, Eye Bank Association of America, International Society of Refractive Surgery, and Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Allergan Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Allergan Consulting fee Consulting; Alcon Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Inspire Honoraria Speaking and teaching; RPS Ownership interest Other; Vistakon Honoraria Speaking and teaching; EyeGate Pharma Consulting; Inspire Consulting fee Consulting; Bausch & Lomb Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Bausch & Lomb Consulting fee Consulting

Ralph Garzia, OD  Assistant Dean for Clinical and Academic Programs, Associate Professor, College of Optometry, University of Missouri at St Louis

Ralph Garzia, OD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Optometry and American Optometric Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Hampton Roy Sr, MD  Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Hampton Roy Sr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, and Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

References

  1. Koeppe L. Klinische Beobachtungen mit der Nerstspaltlampe und dem Hornhautmikroskop. Albrecht von Graefe's Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol. 1916;91:375-379.

  2. Anderson NJ, Badawi DY, Grossniklaus HE, Stulting RD. Posterior polymorphous membranous dystrophy with overlapping features of iridocorneal endothelial syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol. Apr 2001;119(4):624-5. [Medline].

  3. Bechara SJ, Grossniklaus HE, Waring GO, Wells JA 3rd. Keratoconus associated with posterior polymorphous dystrophy. Am J Ophthalmol. Dec 15 1991;112(6):729-31. [Medline].

  4. Boruchoff SA, Weiner MJ, Albert DM. Recurrence of posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy after penetrating keratoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol. Mar 15 1990;109(3):323-8. [Medline].

  5. Brooks AM, Grant G, Gillies WE. Differentiation of posterior polymorphous dystrophy from other posterior corneal opacities by specular microscopy. Ophthalmology. Nov 1989;96(11):1639-45. [Medline].

  6. Chiou AG, Kaufman SC, Beuerman RW, et al. Confocal microscopy in posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy. Ophthalmologica. 1999;213(4):211-3. [Medline].

  7. Colville DJ, Savige J. Alport syndrome. A review of the ocular manifestations. Ophthalmic Genet. Dec 1997;18(4):161-73. [Medline].

  8. Grupcheva CN, Chew GS, Edwards M, et al. Imaging posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy by in vivo confocal microscopy. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. Aug 2001;29(4):256-9. [Medline].

  9. Henriquez AS, Kenyon KR, Dohlman CH, et al. Morphologic characteristics of posterior polymorphous dystrophy. A study of nine corneas and review of the literature. Surv Ophthalmol. Sep-Oct 1984;29(2):139-47. [Medline].

  10. Klintworth GK. The molecular genetics of the corneal dystrophies--current status. Front Biosci. May 1 2003;8:d687-713. [Medline].

  11. Krachmer JH. Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy: a disease characterized by epithelial-like endothelial cells which influence management and prognosis. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1985;83:413-75. [Medline].

  12. Laganowski HC, Sherrard ES, Muir MG, Buckley RJ. Distinguishing features of the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and posterior polymorphous dystrophy: value of endothelial specular microscopy. Br J Ophthalmol. Apr 1991;75(4):212-6. [Medline].

  13. Moroi SE, Gokhale PA, Schteingart MT, et al. Clinicopathologic correlation and genetic analysis in a case of posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy. Am J Ophthalmol. Apr 2003;135(4):461-70. [Medline].

  14. Presberg SE, Quigley HA, Forster RK, Green WR. Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy. Cornea. 1985-86;4(4):239-48. [Medline].

  15. Teekhasaenee C, Nimmanit S, Wutthiphan S, et al. Posterior polymorphous dystrophy and Alport syndrome. Ophthalmology. Aug 1991;98(8):1207-15. [Medline].

  16. Weissman BA, Ehrlich M, Levenson JE, Pettit TH. Four cases of keratoconus and posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy. Optom Vis Sci. Apr 1989;66(4):243-6. [Medline].

 
Previous
Next
 
Slit lamp image demonstrates posterior corneal vesicles and opacities in linear bands and other polymorphous configurations typical of posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy.
 
 
 
All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2012 by WebMD LLC.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

DISCLAIMER: The content of this Website is not influenced by sponsors. The site is designed primarily for use by qualified physicians and other medical professionals. The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only. In no way should it be considered as offering medical advice. Please check with a physician if you suspect you are ill.