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Sections Acquired Nystagmus
- Overview
- Presentation
- DDx
- Workup
- Treatment
- Medication
- Follow-up
- References
Further Outpatient Care
Regular office visits are useful to monitor nystagmus.
Prognosis
Prognosis is dependent upon etiology.
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Sarvananthan N, Surendran M, Roberts E, et al. The prevalence of nystagmus: The Leicestershire nystagmus survey. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009 May 20. [Medline].
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Wagner JN, Glaser M, Brandt T, Strupp M. Downbeat nystagmus: aetiology and comorbidity in 117 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008 Jun. 79(6):672-7. [Medline].
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Schniepp R, Wuehr M, Huth S, Pradhan C, Schlick C, Brandt T, et al. The gait disorder in downbeat nystagmus syndrome. PLoS One. 2014. 9(8):e105463. [Medline]. [Full Text].
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Feil K, Claaßen J, Bardins S, Teufel J, Krafczyk S, Schneider E, et al. Effect of chlorzoxazone in patients with downbeat nystagmus: a pilot trial. Neurology. 2013 Sep 24. 81(13):1152-8. [Medline].
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Spielmann AC. Large recession of the four vertical rectus muscles for acquired pendular vertical nystagmus and oscillopsia without a null zone. J AAPOS. 2009 Feb. 13(1):102-4. [Medline].
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Beh SC, Tehrani AS, Kheradmand A, Zee DS. Damping of monocular pendular nystagmus with vibration in a patient with multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 2014 Apr 15. 82(15):1380-1. [Medline]. [Full Text].
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Murofushi T, Chihara Y, Ushio M, Iwasaki S. Periodic alternating nystagmus in Meniere's disease: the peripheral type?. Acta Otolaryngol. 2008 Jul. 128(7):824-7. [Medline].
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Tilikete C, Jasse L, Pelisson D, Vukusic S, Durand-Dubief F, Urquizar C, et al. Acquired pendular nystagmus in multiple sclerosis and oculopalatal tremor. Neurology. 2011 May 10. 76(19):1650-7. [Medline].
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Thurtell MJ, Leigh RJ. Treatment of nystagmus. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2012 Feb. 14(1):60-72. [Medline].
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Menon GJ, Thaller VT. Therapeutic external ophthalmoplegia with bilateral retrobulbar botulinum toxin- an effective treatment for acquired nystagmus with oscillopsia. Eye. 2002 Nov. 16(6):804-6. [Medline].
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Castillo IG, Reinecke RD, Sergott RC, Wizov S. Surgical treatment of trauma-induced periodic alternating nystagmus. Ophthalmology. 2004 Jan. 111(1):180-3. [Medline].
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Greven MA, Nelson LB. Four-muscle tenotomy surgery for nystagmus. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2014 Sep. 25 (5):400-5. [Medline].
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Kumar A, Thomas S, McLean R, et al. Treatment of acquired periodic alternating nystagmus with memantine: a case report. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2009 Mar-Apr. 32(2):109-10. [Medline].
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Cestari DM, Chan K, Tajouri N, Rizzo JF 3rd. The use of onabotulinum toxin a in the treatment of see-saw nystagmus. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2010 Jul 22. 47 Online:e1-3. [Medline].
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American Medical Association. Drug Evaluations. 1995.
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Arnoldi KA, Tychsen L. Prevalence of intracranial lesions in children initially diagnosed with disconjugate nystagmus (spasmus nutans). J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1995 Sep-Oct. 32(5):296-301. [Medline].
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Averbuch-Heller L, Tusa RJ, Fuhry L, et al. A double-blind controlled study of gabapentin and baclofen as treatment for acquired nystagmus. Ann Neurol. 1997 Jun. 41(6):818-25. [Medline].
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Leigh RJ, Robinson DA, Zee DS. A hypothetical explanation for periodic alternating nystagmus: instability in the optokinetic-vestibular system. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1981. 374:619-35. [Medline].
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Norton EW, Cogan DG. Spasmus nutans; a clinical study of twenty cases followed two years or more since onset. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 1954 Sep. 52(3):442-6. [Medline].
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Tables
Christopher M Bardorf, MD, MS Ophthalmologist, Children's Eye Physicians
Christopher M Bardorf, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Gregory Van Stavern, MD Attending Physician, Department of Ophthalmology and Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine
Gregory Van Stavern, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Enrique Garcia-Valenzuela, MD, PhD Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary; Consulting Staff, Vitreo-Retinal Surgery, Midwest Retina Consultants, SC, Parkside Center
Enrique Garcia-Valenzuela, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, American Society of Retina Specialists, Retina Society, Society for Neuroscience
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference
Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.
Edsel Ing, MD, MPH, FRCSC Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine; Active Staff, Michael Garron Hospital (Toronto East Health Network); Consulting Staff, Hospital for Sick Children and Sunnybrook Hospital, Canada
Edsel Ing, MD, MPH, FRCSC is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Canadian Medical Association, Canadian Ophthalmological Society, Canadian Society of Oculoplastic Surgery, Chinese Canadian Medical Society, European Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society, Ontario Medical Association, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Statistical Society of Canada
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Michael J Bartiss, OD, MD Medical Director, Ophthalmology, Family Eye Care of the Carolinas and Surgery Center of Pinehurst
Michael J Bartiss, OD, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, North Carolina Medical Society, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Brian R Younge, MD Professor of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine
Brian R Younge, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association, American Ophthalmological Society, and North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
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Sections Acquired Nystagmus
- Overview
- Presentation
- DDx
- Workup
- Treatment
- Medication
- Follow-up
- References
