Esotropia and Exotropia, V-patterns: Differential Diagnoses & Workup

References

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Further Reading

Keywords

V-pattern strabismus, vertically incomitant horizontal deviations, A-pattern, V-pattern, horizontal deviation, upgaze, downgaze, angle of deviation, V-pattern esotropia, V-pattern exotropia

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Neepa Thacker, MBBS, MS, DNB, FRCS, Consulting Staff, Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Breach Candy Hospital, Mumbai, India
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Arthur L Rosenbaum, MD, Chief, Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Professor, Vice Chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine
Arthur L Rosenbaum, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, and American Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Frederico G Velez, MD, Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine
Frederico G Velez, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Michael J Bartiss, OD, MD, Medical Director, Ophthalmology, Family Eye Care of the Carolinas
Michael J Bartiss, OD, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, and North Carolina Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
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J James Rowsey, MD, Former Director of Corneal Services, St Luke's Cataract and Laser Institute, Florida
J James Rowsey, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Medical Association, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Florida Medical Association, Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology, Sigma Xi, and Southern Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Ralph Garzia, OD, Assistant Dean for Clinical Programs, Associate Professor, School of Optometry, University of Missouri at St Louis
Ralph Garzia, OD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Optometry and American Optometric Association
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Chief Editor

Hampton Roy Sr, MD, Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Hampton Roy Sr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, and Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.