Hashimoto Thyroiditis Differential Diagnoses
- Author: Stephanie L Lee, MD, PhD; Chief Editor: George T Griffing, MD more...
Diagnostic Considerations
The following autoimmune phenomena may occur or be found in association with Hashimoto thyroiditis:
- Addison disease
- Alopecia areata, totalis, and universalis
- Autoimmune gastritis (pernicious anemia)
- Chronic active hepatitis
- Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism
- Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis
- Primary biliary cirrhosis
- Primary ovarian or testicular failure
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Sjögren syndrome
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus[12]
- Vitiligo
Differential Diagnoses
- Euthyroid Sick Syndrome
- Goiter
- Goiter, Diffuse Toxic
- Goiter, Lithium-Induced
- Goiter, Nontoxic
- Goiter, Toxic Nodular
- Hypopituitarism (Panhypopituitarism)
- Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome, Type I
- Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome, Type II
- Thyroid Lymphoma
Fava A, Oliverio R, Giuliano S, et al. Clinical evolution of autoimmune thyroiditis in children and adolescents. Thyroid. Feb 18 2009;[Medline].
Hadj-Kacem H, Rebuffat S, Mnif-Feki M, et al. Autoimmune thyroid diseases: genetic susceptibility of thyroid-specific genes and thyroid autoantigens contributions. Int J Immunogenet. Apr 2009;36(2):85-96. [Medline].
Duntas LH. Environmental factors and autoimmune thyroiditis. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab. Aug 2008;4(8):454-60. [Medline].
Tomer Y, Huber A. The etiology of autoimmune thyroid disease: a story of genes and environment. J Autoimmun. Mar 21 2009;[Medline].
Jørgensen KT, Rostgaard K, Bache I, et al. Autoimmune diseases in women with Turner's Syndrome. Arthritis Rheum. Feb 25 2010;62(3):658-666. [Medline].
Wiebolt J, Achterbergh R, den Boer A, et al. Clustering of additional autoimmunity behaves differently in Hashimoto's patients compared with Graves' patients. Eur J Endocrinol. May 2011;164(5):789-94. [Medline].
[Best Evidence] Vestgaard M, Nielsen LR, Rasmussen AK, et al. Thyroid peroxidase antibodies in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes: impact on thyroid function, metabolic control and pregnancy outcome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2008;87(12):1336-42. [Medline].
Tagami T, Tamanaha T, Shimazu S, et al. Lipid Profiles in the Untreated Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis and the Effects of Thyroxine Treatment on Subclinical Hypothyroidism with Hashimoto Thyroiditis. Endocr J. Dec 22 2009;[Medline]. [Full Text].
Vanderpump MP, French JM, Appleton D. The prevalence of hyperprolactinaemia and association with markers of autoimmune thyroid disease in survivors of the Whickham Survey cohort. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Jan 1998;48(1):39-44. [Medline].
Vanderpump MP, Tunbridge WM, French JM. The incidence of thyroid disorders in the community: a twenty-year follow-up of the Whickham Survey. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Jul 1995;43(1):55-68. [Medline].
Kim KW, Park YJ, Kim EH, et al. Elevated risk of papillary thyroid cancer in Korean patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Head Neck. May 2011;33(5):691-5. [Medline].
Huber A, Menconi F, Corathers S, et al. Joint genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroiditis: from epidemiology to mechanisms. Endocr Rev. Oct 2008;29(6):697-725. [Medline].
Baloch ZW, LiVolsi VA. Fine-needle aspiration of the thyroid: today and tomorrow. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. Dec 2008;22(6):929-39. [Medline].
Escobar-Morreale HF, Botella-Carretero JI, Escobar del Rey F, et al. REVIEW: Treatment of hypothyroidism with combinations of levothyroxine plus liothyronine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Aug 2005;90(8):4946-54. [Medline]. [Full Text].
z. Interferon alpha treatment and thyroid dysfunction. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. Dec 2007;36(4):1051-66; x-xi. [Medline]. [Full Text].

