Follow-up
Further Outpatient Care
- Close follow-up care with a full ocular examination, including tonometry (intraocular pressure check) and dilated fundus examination, is important.
Inpatient & Outpatient Medications
- Topical drops may be necessary to lower the intraocular pressure or to help decrease inflammation.
Deterrence/Prevention
- Early diagnosis of ectopia lentis with appropriate optical correction can prevent amblyopia.
Complications
- The most common ocular complications of ectopia lentis include amblyopia, uveitis, glaucoma, and retinal detachment; appropriate treatment for these specific entities should be implemented.
Prognosis
- Depending on the degree of lens dislocation, the age of onset, and its associated secondary complications, most patients do well.
- Those patients who have trauma-associated ectopia lentis may have other more life-threatening complications (depending on the severity of the trauma).
- Patients with heritable conditions associated with ectopia lentis may have other systemic complications.
Patient Education
- Patients with ectopia lentis associated with a heritable condition need to be educated on the importance of following up with a primary care physician to rule out life-threatening disorders.
- Safety glasses are advocated when risk of eye injury is possible.
Miscellaneous
Medicolegal Pitfalls
- The gravity of ectopia lentis when associated with a heritable disorder must be recognized and referred to the primary care physician as soon as possible. The primary care doctor may not be aware of this clinical entity and its ramifications; thus, it is imperative for the ophthalmologist to ensure the appropriate workup for systemic conditions, such as Marfan syndrome or homocystinuria, has been completed.
- Provide close follow-up care with an ocular examination documenting vision, intraocular pressure, degree of lens dislocation, and any retinal pathology (full dilated fundus examination).
The authors and editors of eMedicine gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous coauthor, David E Eifrig, MD, to the development and writing of this article.
More on Ectopia Lentis |
| Overview: Ectopia Lentis |
| Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Ectopia Lentis |
| Treatment & Medication: Ectopia Lentis |
Follow-up: Ectopia Lentis |
| Multimedia: Ectopia Lentis |
| References |
| « Previous Page | Next Page » |
References
Albert DM, Jakobiec FA. Pathology of the lens. In: Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology. 2000:2225-2239.
Clark CC. Ectopia lentis: a pathologic and clinical study. Arch Ophthalmol. 1939;21:124-153.
Duane T. Cataracts and systemic disease. In: Duane's Clinical Ophthalmology. 5. 1999:13-14.
Ganesh A, Smith C, Chan W, et al. Immunohistochemical evaluation of conjunctival fibrillin-1 in Marfan syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol. Feb 2006;124(2):205-9. [Medline].
Jarrett WH II. Dislocation of the lens. A study of 166 hospitalized cases. Arch Ophthalmol. Sep 1967;78(3):289-96. [Medline].
Konradsen T, Kugelberg M, Zetterström C. Visual outcomes and complications in surgery for ectopia lentis in children. J Cataract Refract Surg. May 2007;33(5):819-24. [Medline].
Nelson L. Ectopia lentis in childhood. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. Jan-Feb 2008;45(1):12. [Medline].
Nelson LB, Maumenee IH. Ectopia lentis. Surv Ophthalmol. Nov-Dec 1982;27(3):143-60. [Medline].
Nirankari MS, Chaddah MR. Displaced lens. Am J Ophthalmol. Jun 1967;63(6):1719-23. [Medline].
Omulecki W, Wilczynski M, Gerkowicz M. Management of bilateral ectopia lentis et pupillae syndrome. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. Jan-Feb 2006;37(1):68-71. [Medline].
Parrish RK II. Anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the crystalline lens. In: Bascom Palmer Eye Institute's Atlas of Ophthalmology. 1999:241.
Wentzloff JN, Kaldawy RM, Chen TC. Weill-Marchesani syndrome. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. May-Jun 2006;43(3):192. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
ectopia lentis, dislocated lens, lens dislocation, luxated lens, subluxated lens, lens subluxation, lens displacement, malpositioned lens
Follow-up: Ectopia Lentis