Toxic/Nutritional Optic Neuropathy Medication

  • Author: Aftab Zafar, MD; Chief Editor: Hampton Roy Sr, MD   more...
 
Updated: Dec 5, 2011
 

Medication Summary

The goals of pharmacotherapy are to reduce morbidity and to prevent complications.

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Vitamin supplements

Class Summary

Given to those patients who are deficient in a particular vitamin or those who are suspected of having a particular vitamin deficiency.

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Folic acid (Folvite)

 

Important cofactor for enzymes used in production of red blood cells.

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Thiamine (Thiamilate)

 

Essential coenzyme that combines with ATP to form thiamine pyrophosphate.

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Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Aftab Zafar, MD  Consulting Staff, Department of Ophthalmology, St Mary's General Hospital

Aftab Zafar, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Canadian Medical Association, Canadian Ophthalmological Society, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario, Ontario Medical Association, and Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Andrew W Lawton, MD  Medical Director of Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, Section of Ophthalmology, Baptist Eye Center, Baptist Health Medical Center

Andrew W Lawton, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, Arkansas Medical Society, and Southern Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD  Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

Brian R Younge, MD  Professor of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine

Brian R Younge, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association, American Ophthalmological Society, and North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Ralph Garzia, OD  Assistant Dean for Clinical and Academic Programs, Associate Professor, College of Optometry, University of Missouri at St Louis

Ralph Garzia, OD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Optometry and American Optometric Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Hampton Roy Sr, MD  Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Hampton Roy Sr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, and Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Additional Contributors

The authors and editors of eMedicine gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author, Robert C Sergott, MD, to the development and writing of this article.

References

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  4. Macaluso DC, Shults WT, Fraunfelder FT. Features of amiodarone-induced optic neuropathy. Am J Ophthalmol. May 1999;127(5):610-2. [Medline].

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  17. Lessell S. Nutritional deficiency and toxic optic neuropathies. In: Albert DM, Jakobiec FA, eds. Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co; 2000.

  18. Mantyjarvi M, Tuppurainen K, Ikaheimo K. Ocular side effects of amiodarone. Surv Ophthalmol. Jan-Feb 1998;42(4):360-6. [Medline].

  19. Melamud A, Kosmorsky GS, Lee MS. Ocular ethambutol toxicity. Mayo Clin Proc. Nov 2003;78(11):1409-11. [Medline].

  20. Miller NR. Anterior toxic optic neuropathies. In: Walsh and Hoyt's Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology. 4th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1982:254-260.

  21. Miller NR. Retrobulbar toxic and deficiency optic neuropathies. In: Walsh and Hoyt's Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology. 4th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1982:289-307.

  22. Phillips PH. Toxic and deficiency optic neuropathies. In: Miller NR, Newman NJ, eds. Walsh and Hoyt's Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology. 6th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005:447-463.

  23. Rizzo JF 3rd, Lessell S. Tobacco amblyopia. Am J Ophthalmol. Jul 15 1993;116(1):84-7. [Medline].

  24. Sadun AA. Metabolic optic neuropathies. Semin Ophthalmol. Mar 2002;17(1):29-32. [Medline].

  25. Woon C, Tang RA, Pardo G. Nutrition and optic nerve disease. Semin Ophthalmol. Sep 1995;10(3):195-202. [Medline].

 
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