Epimacular Membrane Differential Diagnoses

  • Author: Kean Theng Oh, MD; Chief Editor: Hampton Roy Sr, MD   more...
 
Updated: Feb 16, 2012
 
 

Differential Diagnoses

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Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Kean Theng Oh, MD  Consulting Staff, Associated Retinal Consultants, PC

Kean Theng Oh, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Retina Specialists, and Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Bradley M Hughes, MD  Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Retina and Vitreous Service, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Bradley M Hughes, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha and American Academy of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

John H Drouilhet, MD, FACS  Clinical Professor, Department of Surgery, Section of Ophthalmology, University of Hawaii, John A Burns School of Medicine

John H Drouilhet, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, and American Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

V Al Pakalnis, MD, PhD  Professor of Ophthalmology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Chief of Ophthalmology, Dorn Veterans Affairs Medical Center

V Al Pakalnis, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, and South Carolina Medical Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD  Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

Steve Charles, MD  Director of Charles Retina Institute; Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee College of Medicine; Adjunct Professor of Ophthalmology, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons; Clinical Professor Ophthalmology, Chinese University of Hong Kong

Steve Charles, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American Society of Retina Specialists, Club Jules Gonin, Macula Society, and Retina Society

Disclosure: Alcon Laboratories Consulting fee Consulting; OptiMedica Ownership interest Other; Topcon Medical Lasers Consulting fee Consulting

Lance L Brown, OD, MD  Ophthalmologist, Affiliated With Freeman Hospital and St John's Hospital, Regional Eye Center, Joplin, Missouri

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Hampton Roy Sr, MD  Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Hampton Roy Sr, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Ophthalmology, American College of Surgeons, and Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Additional Contributors

The authors and editors of eMedicine gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author, Sherman O Valero, MD, to the development and writing of this article.

References

  1. Chang LK, Fine HF, Spaide RF, et al. Ultrastructural correlation of spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic findings in vitreomacular traction syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol. Jul 2008;146(1):121-7. [Medline].

  2. Bovey EH, Uffer S. Tearing and folding of the retinal internal limiting membrane associated with macular epiretinal membrane. Retina. Mar 2008;28(3):433-40. [Medline].

  3. Karacorlu M, Ozdemir H, Senturk F, Karacorlu SA, Uysal O. Correlation of retinal sensitivity with visual acuity and macular thickness in eyes with idiopathic epimacular membrane. Int Ophthalmol. Jun 2010;30(3):285-90. [Medline].

  4. Gupta P, Sadun AA, Sebag J. Multifocal retinal contraction in macular pucker analyzed by combined optical coherence tomography/scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Retina. Mar 2008;28(3):447-52. [Medline].

  5. Gupta OP, Ho AC, Kaiser PK, et al. Short-term outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy. Am J Ophthalmol. Aug 2008;146(2):193-197. [Medline].

  6. Gupta OP, Weichel ED, Regillo CD, et al. Postoperative complications associated with 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. Jul-Aug 2007;38(4):270-5. [Medline].

  7. Charles S. Epimacular Membranes. In: Guyer DR, Yannuzzi LA, Chang S, et al. Retina-Vitreous-Macula. Vol 2. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1999:230-7.

  8. Haritoglou C, Gandorfer A, Gass CA, et al. The effect of indocyanine-green on functional outcome of macular pucker surgery. Am J Ophthalmol. Mar 2003;135(3):328-37. [Medline].

  9. Casparis H, Bovey EH. Surgical treatment of lamellar macular hole associated with epimacular membrane. Retina. Oct 2011;31(9):1783-90. [Medline].

  10. Hillenkamp J, Saikia P, Herrmann WA, et al. Surgical removal of idiopathic epiretinal membrane with or without the assistance of indocyanine green: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. Jul 2007;245(7):973-9. [Medline].

  11. Garweg JG, Bergstein D, Windisch B, et al. Recovery of visual field and acuity after removal of epiretinal and inner limiting membranes. Br J Ophthalmol. Feb 2008;92(2):220-4. [Medline].

  12. Gass JDM. Macular dysfunction caused by epiretinal membrane contraction. In: Stereoscopic Atlas of Macular Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment. Vol 2. 4th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 1997:938-950.

  13. Haritoglou C, Gandorfer A, Schaumberger M, et al. Trypan blue in macular pucker surgery: an evaluation of histology and functional outcome. Retina. Aug 2004;24(4):582-90. [Medline].

  14. Marghero RR. Epiretinal macular membranes. In: Albert DM, Jakobiec FA, eds. Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology. Vol 2. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1994:919-925.

  15. McDonald HR, Schatz H, Johnson RN. Introduction to epiretinal membranes. In: Ryan SJ, ed. Retina. Vol 2. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 1994:1819-1825.

  16. Russell SR, Crapotta JA. Macular epiretinal membranes. Ophthalmol Clin North Am. June 1993;6(2):239-45.

  17. Sjaarda RN, Michels RG. Macular pucker. In: Ryan SJ, ed. Retina. Vol 3. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby; 1994:2301-2312.

  18. Ting FS, Kwok AK. Treatment of epiretinal membrane: an update. Hong Kong Med J. Dec 2005;11(6):496-502. [Medline].

  19. Wong JG, Sachdev N, Beaumont PE, et al. Visual outcomes following vitrectomy and peeling of epiretinal membrane. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. Aug 2005;33(4):373-8. [Medline].

 
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Very dense epimacular membrane with associated macular distortion.
Grade 2 epimacular membrane causing striations in the retinal surface. Note the presence of a pseudohole.
Fluorescein angiogram demonstrating retinal vascular distortion. Note the leakage of the dye in the macular area, which represents secondary macular edema.
 
 
 
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