eMedicine Specialties > Orthopedic Surgery > Hand & Upper Extremity
Ulnar Clubhand: Workup
Updated: Oct 19, 2007
Workup
Imaging Studies
- Radiographic evaluation of the elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand: Serial radiographs can be useful in assessing the degree and course of the aplasia.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): MRI can be used to delineate noncalcified tissues such as the fibrocartilaginous anlage. This modality is also useful for studying the joint surfaces in the largely unossified cartilaginous articulations.
Other Tests
- All affected patients should undergo a detailed evaluation by a hand and upper limb therapist to assess hand function. Ongoing evaluation during treatment is important to avoid restriction of hand and elbow function (see Complications). In addition, appropriate genetic evaluation and counseling for individuals with syndromic ulnar aplasia is important in certain instances.
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Workup: Ulnar Clubhand |
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References
Swanson AB, Tada K, Yonenobu K. Ulnar ray deficiency: its various manifestations. J Hand Surg [Am]. Sep 1984;9(5):658-64. [Medline].
Tetsworth K, Krome J, Paley D. Lengthening and deformity correction of the upper extremity by the Ilizarov technique. Orthop Clin North Am. Oct 1991;22(4):689-713. [Medline].
Paley D, Herzenberg JE. Distraction treatment of the forearm. In: Buck-Gramcko D, ed. Congenital Malformations of the Hand and Forearm. London, UK: Churchill Livingstone; 1998:90-2.
El Hassan B, Biafora S, Light T. Clinical manifestations of type IV ulna longitudinal dysplasia. J Hand Surg [Am]. Sep 2007;32(7):1024-30. [Medline].
Foucher G. [Toe transplantation in congenital malformations of the hand] [French]. Bull Acad Natl Med. Nov 1997;181(8):1737-44; discussion 1744-5. [Medline].
Kakarala G, Kavarthapu V, Lahoti O. Distraction osteogenesis to improve limb function in congenital bilateral humeroradioulnar synostosis. Acta Orthop Belg. Dec 2006;72(6):765-8. [Medline].
Malpas T, Anderson N, Langley S. Ulnar club-hand and constriction-ring syndrome. Pediatr Radiol. 1995;25(3):233-4. [Medline].
Minguella-Solá J, Cabrera-González M, Escolá-Teixidó J. [Radial club-hand and contralateral pre-axial polydactyly and ulnar club-hand and contralateral post-axial polydactyly. Report of 2 unusual cases] [Spanish]. An Esp Pediatr. Jul 1999;51(1):68-70. [Medline].
Saffar P. Ulna oblique osteotomy for radius and ulna length inequality: technique and applications. Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg. Mar 2006;10(1):47-53. [Medline].
Wang AA, Hutchinson DT. Use of the elbow compass universal hinge in pediatric patients. J Pediatr Orthop. Jan-Feb 2006;26(1):58-60. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
ulnar dysplasia, ulnar aplasia, ulnar deficiencies of the forearm, split hand, split foot, polydactyly, camptodactyly, focal dermal hyperplasia, Goltz syndrome, Goltz-Gorlin syndrome, skin atrophy, anal papillomata, vulval papillomata, lip papillomata, microphthalmia, iris coloboma, mental retardation, mammary gland aplasia syndrome
Workup: Ulnar Clubhand