eMedicine Specialties > Orthopedic Surgery > Hand & Upper Extremity

Ganglion Cyst: Workup

Author: Renee Genova, University of South Carolina School of Medicine
Coauthor(s): John J Walsh IV, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of South Carolina School of Medicine
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Aug 10, 2009

Workup

Imaging Studies

Although a plain radiograph will provide visualization of the cyst, it can identify bony abnormalities that may be causing the symptoms or may contraindicate treatment. In older adults, degenerative joint disease may accompany the cyst at the scaphotrapeziotrapezoid joint and can be confirmed by the plain radiograph. Magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, or arthroscopic imaging may prove useful in obtaining confirmation of clinical diagnostic findings.2,8,10

Other Tests

An Allen test should be performed when cysts are located near the radial artery,  including most volar wrist ganglia. Ultrasonography is an inexpensive and noninvasive method of assessing the soft tissue.

More on Ganglion Cyst

Overview: Ganglion Cyst
Workup: Ganglion Cyst
Treatment: Ganglion Cyst
Follow-up: Ganglion Cyst
Multimedia: Ganglion Cyst
References
Further Reading

References

  1. Lin SJ, Dumanian G. Hand, Benign Tumors. eMedicine [serial online]. February 2, 2009;1. Available from: www.emedicine.com. Accessed June 11, 2009. Available at http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1286448-overview.

  2. Thornburg LE. Ganglions of the hand and wrist. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. Jul-Aug 1999;7(4):231-8. [Medline].

  3. Soren A. Pathogenesis and treatment of ganglion. Clin Orthop Relat Res. Sep-Oct 1966;48:173-9. [Medline].

  4. Chloros GD, Wiesler ER, Poehling GG. Current concepts in wrist arthroscopy. Arthroscopy. Mar 2008;24(3):343-54. [Medline].

  5. Edwards SG, Johansen JA. Prospective outcomes and associations of wrist ganglion cysts resected arthroscopically. J Hand Surg Am. Mar 2009;34(3):395-400. [Medline].

  6. Rocchi L, Canal A, Fanfani F, Catalano F. Articular ganglia of the volar aspect of the wrist: arthroscopic resection compared with open excision. A prospective randomised study. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 2008;42(5):253-9. [Medline].

  7. Rizzo M, Berger RA, Steinmann SP, Bishop AT. Arthroscopic resection in the management of dorsal wrist ganglions: results with a minimum 2-year follow-up period. J Hand Surg Am. Jan 2004;29(1):59-62. [Medline].

  8. Plate AM, Lee SJ, Steiner G, Posner MA. Tumorlike lesions and benign tumors of the hand and wrist. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. Mar-Apr 2003;11(2):129-41. [Medline].

  9. Sanders WE. The occult dorsal carpal ganglion. J Hand Surg [Br]. Jun 1985;10(2):257-60. [Medline].

  10. Wang G, Jacobson JA, Feng FY, Girish G, Caoili EM, Brandon C. Sonography of wrist ganglion cysts: variable and noncystic appearances. J Ultrasound Med. Oct 2007;26(10):1323-8; quiz 1330-1. [Medline].

Keywords

ganglion cyst, ganglia, ganglions, hand cyst, hand tumor, wrist tumor, soft tissue tumor of the hand and wrist, mucous cyst, dorsal wrist ganglion, volar wrist ganglion, volar retinacular ganglion, distal interphalangeal ganglion, wrist cyst, mucin, ganglionectomy

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Renee Genova, University of South Carolina School of Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

John J Walsh IV, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of South Carolina School of Medicine
John J Walsh IV, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American Society for Surgery of the Hand, and Christian Medical & Dental Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Peter M Murray, MD, Associate Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; Director of Education, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Jacksonville; Consultant, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville; Consulting Staff, Nemours Children's Clinic and Wolfson's Children's Hospital
Peter M Murray, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American Association for Hand Surgery, American Orthopaedic Association, American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery, American Society for Surgery of the Hand, Florida Medical Association, Orthopaedic Research Society, and Society of Military Orthopaedic Surgeons
Disclosure: Small Bone Innovations Workshop Honoraria Speaking and teaching

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Thomas R Hunt III, MD, John D Sherrill Professor and Director of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgeon in Chief of UAB Highlands Hospital, Director of Hand and Upper Extremity Fellowship, University of Alabama at Birmingham
Thomas R Hunt III, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American Association for Hand Surgery, American Orthopaedic Association, American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, American Society for Surgery of the Hand, AO Foundation, Mid-America Orthopaedic Association, and Southern Orthopaedic Association
Disclosure: Tornier Consulting fee Review panel membership; Tornier Royalty None; Tornier Ownership interest None

CME Editor

Dinesh Patel, MD, FACS, Associate Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Chief of Arthroscopic Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital
Dinesh Patel, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American Association of Physicians of Indian Origin, American College of International Physicians, and American College of Surgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Harris Gellman, MD, Consulting Surgeon, Broward Hand Center; Voluntary Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine
Harris Gellman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Medical Acupuncture, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American Orthopaedic Association, American Society for Surgery of the Hand, and Arkansas Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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