eMedicine Specialties > Orthopedic Surgery > Trauma

Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy: Multimedia

Author: Satishchandra Kale, MD, FRCS(Edin), FRCS Ed(UK), Dip Sports Med, Honorary Assistant Professor of Trauma and Orthopedics, University of Bombay; Consultant, Department of Orthopedics, Dr R N Cooper Hospital, Brahmakumaris Global Hospital, India
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Jul 2, 2008

Multimedia

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy following surgery fo...Media file 1: Reflex sympathetic dystrophy following surgery for Dupuytren contracture.
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy following surgery fo...

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy following surgery for Dupuytren contracture.

Radiograph of affected extremity, depicting regio...Media file 2: Radiograph of affected extremity, depicting regional osteopenia contrasted with normal radiographic appearance of the opposite extremity.
Radiograph of affected extremity, depicting regio...

Radiograph of affected extremity, depicting regional osteopenia contrasted with normal radiographic appearance of the opposite extremity.

More on Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

Overview: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
Treatment & Medication: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
Follow-up: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
Multimedia: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
References
Further Reading

References

  1. Leriche R. The Surgery of Pain. London:. BailliereTindall & Cox;1939.

  2. Koman LA, Poehling GG, Smith TL. Complex regional pain syndromes: Reflex sympathetic dystrophy and causalgia. In: Green DP, Lampert R, eds. Greens Operative Hand Surgery. 4th ed. Churchill Livingstone;1998:636-62.

  3. Mitchell SW, Morehouse GR, Keen WW. Gunshot Wounds and Other Injuries of Nerves. Philadelphia:. JB Lipincott;1864.

  4. Mitchell SW. Injuries of Nerves and their Consequences. Philadelphia:. JB Lippincott;1972.

  5. Bonica JJ, ed. The Management of Pain. 2nd ed. Philadelphia:. Lea & Febiger;1990:220-243.

  6. Allen G, Galer BS, Schwartz L. Epidemiology of complex regional pain syndrome: a retrospective chart review of 134 patients. Pain. Apr 1999;80(3):539-44. [Medline].

  7. Wilder RT, Berde CB, Wolohan M, et al. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy in children. Clinical characteristics and follow-up of seventy patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am. Jul 1992;74(6):910-9. [Medline].

  8. Ackerman WE 3rd, Ahmad M. Recurrent postoperative CRPS I in patients with abnormal preoperative sympathetic function. J Hand Surg [Am]. Feb 2008;33(2):217-22. [Medline].

  9. Wesseldijk F, Fekkes D, Huygen FJ, Bogaerts-Taal E, Zijlstra FJ. Increased plasma serotonin in complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Anesth Analg. Jun 2008;106(6):1862-7. [Medline].

  10. Higashimoto T, Baldwin EE, Gold JI, Boles RG. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy: complex regional pain syndrome type I in children with mitochondrial disease and maternal inheritance. Arch Dis Child. May 2008;93(5):390-7. [Medline].

  11. Genant HK, Kozin F, Bekerman C, et al. The reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. A comprehensive analysis using fine-detail radiography, photon absorptiometry, and bone and joint scintigraphy. Radiology. Oct 1975;117(1):21-32. [Medline].

  12. Gellman H. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy: alternative modalities for pain management. Instr Course Lect. 2000;49:549-57. [Medline].

  13. van Laere M, Claessens M. The treatment of reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome: current concepts. Acta Orthop Belg. 1992;58 Suppl 1:259-61. [Medline].

  14. Albazaz R, Wong YT, Homer-Vanniasinkam S. Complex regional pain syndrome: a review. Ann Vasc Surg. Mar 2008;22(2):297-306. [Medline].

  15. Zollinger PE, Tuinebreijer WE, Breederveld RS, Kreis RW. Can vitamin C prevent complex regional pain syndrome in patients with wrist fractures? A randomized, controlled, multicenter dose-response study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. July 2007;89(7):1424-31. [Medline].

  16. Inchiosa MA Jr, Kizelshteyn G. Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome type I with oral phenoxybenzamine: rationale and case reports. Pain Pract. Mar-Apr 2008;8(2):125-32. [Medline].

  17. Birch R. Pain. In: Surgical Disorders of the Peripheral Nerves. Churchill Livingstone;1994:385-93.

  18. Clinical Orthopaedics. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy. In: Bailliere's Clinical Orthopaedics. Vol 1. WB Saunders Co;1996.

  19. Tan AK, Duman I, Taskaynatan MA, Hazneci B, Kalyon TA. The effect of gabapentin in earlier stage of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Clin Rheumatol. Apr 2007;26(4):561-5. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

reflex sympathetic dystrophy, RSD, algodystrophy, Sudeck atrophy, painful dysfunction syndrome, reflex neurovascular dystrophy, shoulder-hand syndrome, chronic regional pain syndrome, CRPS, causalgia, complex regional pain syndrome, sympathetically mediated pain syndrome, SMP, algodystrophy complex regional pain syndrome, chronic pain syndrome

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Satishchandra Kale, MD, FRCS(Edin), FRCS Ed(UK), Dip Sports Med, Honorary Assistant Professor of Trauma and Orthopedics, University of Bombay; Consultant, Department of Orthopedics, Dr R N Cooper Hospital, Brahmakumaris Global Hospital, India
Satishchandra Kale, MD, FRCS(Edin), FRCS Ed(UK), Dip Sports Med is a member of the following medical societies: British Orthopaedic Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

James F Kellam, MD, Vice-Chair, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Director of Orthopedic Trauma and Education, Carolinas Medical Center
James F Kellam, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Orthopaedic Trauma Association, and Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Samuel Agnew, MD, FACS, Associate Professor, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Surgery, Chief of Orthopedic Trauma, University of Florida at Jacksonville; Consulting Surgeon, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McLeod Regional Medical Center
Samuel Agnew, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, American College of Surgeons, Orthopaedic Trauma Association, and Southern Orthopaedic Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Dinesh Patel, MD, FACS, Associate Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Chief of Arthroscopic Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital
Dinesh Patel, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American Association of Physicians of Indian Origin, American College of International Physicians, and American College of Surgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Mary Ann E Keenan, MD, Professor, Vice Chair for Graduate Medical Education, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine; Chief of Neuro-Orthopedics Program, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
Mary Ann E Keenan, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American Orthopaedic Association, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society, American Society for Surgery of the Hand, and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
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