Craniofacial, Asian Malar and Mandibular Surgery: Multimedia

References

1. Onizuka T, Watanabe K, Takasu K, Keyama A. Reduction malar plasty. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 1983;7(2):121-5. [Medline].

2. Watanabe K. Cosmetic contouring of the midface. In: Song IC, ed. Facial Cosmetic Surgery in Orientals. Problems in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Vol 1. 1991:643-53.

3. Baek SM, Chung YD, Kim SS. Reduction malarplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jul 1991;88(1):53-61. [Medline].

4. Morris DE, Moaveni Z, Lo LJ. Aesthetic facial skeletal contouring in the Asian patient. Clin Plast Surg. Jul 2007;34(3):547-56. [Medline].

5. Ahn J, Horn C, Blitzer A. Botulinum toxin for masseter reduction in Asian patients. Arch Facial Plast Surg. May-Jun 2004;6(3):188-91. [Medline].

6. Baek SM, Kim SS, Bindiger A. The prominent mandibular angle: preoperative management, operative technique, and results in 42 patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. Feb 1989;83(2):272-80. [Medline].

7. Kim JH, Shin JH, Kim ST, Kim CY. Effects of two different units of botulinum toxin type a evaluated by computed tomography and electromyographic measurements of human masseter muscle. Plast Reconstr Surg. Feb 2007;119(2):711-7. [Medline].

8. Al-Ahmad HT, Al-Qudah MA. The treatment of masseter hypertrophy with botulinum toxin type A. Saudi Med J. Mar 2006;27(3):397-400. [Medline].

9. Castro WH, Gomez RS, Da Silva Oliveira J, Moura MD, Gomez RS. Botulinum toxin type A in the management of masseter muscle hypertrophy. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. Jan 2005;63(1):20-4. [Medline].

10. von Lindern JJ, Niederhagen B, Appel T, Berge S, Reich RH. Type A botulinum toxin for the treatment of hypertrophy of the masseter and temporal muscles: an alternative treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg. Feb 2001;107(2):327-32. [Medline].

11. Al-Muharraqi MA, Fedorowicz Z, Al Bareeq J, Al Bareeq R, Nasser M. Botulinum toxin for masseter hypertrophy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Jan 21 2009;CD007510. [Medline].

12. Kang J, Han K. Cosmetic contouring of the lowerface. In: Song IC, ed. Facial Cosmetic Surgery in Orientals. Problems in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Vol 1. 1991:654-66.

13. Ousterhout D. Mandibular width reduction including surgical treatment of benign masseteric hypertrophy. In: Aesthetic Contouring of the Craniofacial Skeleton. Boston, Mass: Little Brown; 1991:451-69.

Further Reading

Keywords

malar surgery, mandibular surgery, Asian malar surgery, Asian mandibular surgery, cheek bone reduction, malar reduction, reduction malarplasty, zygoma reduction, zygomatic reduction, reduction zygomaplasty, Asian malarplasty, benign masseteric hypertrophy, jawline contouring, jawline reduction, mandible reduction, jawline shaving, bone contouring, facial bone surgery, BOTOX® jawline, BOTOX® jaw muscle, BOTOX® masseter muscle, botulinum toxin therapy, botulinum toxin, BOTOX®, masseteric hypertrophy, work hypertrophy, habitual jaw clenching, habitual teeth grinding, teeth grinding, jaw clenching, prominent malar bones, malar prominence, zygomatic prominence, Asian plastic surgery, oriental plastic surgery

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Charles S Lee, MD, Consulting Surgeon, Department of Plastic Surgery, Olympia Medical Center
Charles S Lee, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons and American Society of Plastic Surgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

John Persing, MD, Chief, Professor, Department of Surgery, Sections of Plastic Surgery and Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine
John Persing, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, American Association of Plastic Surgeons, American Cleft Palate/Craniofacial Association, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, New York Academy of Sciences, and Society for Neuroscience
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

S Anthony Wolfe, MD, Chief, Division of Plastic Surgery, Miami Children's Hospital; Voluntary Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine
S Anthony Wolfe, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association of Plastic Surgeons, American Cleft Palate/Craniofacial Association, American College of Surgeons, American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Florida Medical Association, and Southeastern Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Nicolas (Nick) G Slenkovich, MD, Director, Colorado Plastic Surgery Center
Nicolas (Nick) G Slenkovich, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, and Colorado Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Jorge I de la Torre, MD, FACS, Professor of Surgery and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Residency Program Director, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Director, Center for Advanced Surgical Aesthetics
Jorge I de la Torre, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Plastic Surgeons, American Burn Association, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, Association for Academic Surgery, and Medical Association of the State of Alabama
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.