eMedicine Specialties > Plastic Surgery > Facial Fractures
Facial Trauma, Mandibular Fractures: Multimedia
Updated: Jun 25, 2009
Multimedia
 | Media file 1: The anatomic regions of the mandible. |
 | Media file 2: The muscular forces acting upon the mandible. |
 | Media file 3: A "favorable" body fracture with muscular force not tending to distract the fracture. |
 | Media file 4: An "unfavorable" angle fracture with distracting muscular forces. |
 | Media file 5: Right mandibular condylar fracture. |
 | Media file 6: Retromandibular approach to right mandibular condylar fracture. |
 | Media file 7: Intraoperative view. Fixation of right mandibular condyle fracture. |
 | Media file 8: Mandibular fracture. Postoperative pantomogram. |
 | Media file 9: Mandibular fracture. Close-up view of postoperative pantomogram. |
 | Media file 10: Mandibular fracture. Coronal CT scan demonstrating bilateral high condylar fractures. |
 | Media file 11: Mandibular fracture. Postoperative coronal image demonstrating open reduction internal fixation of the left condylar fracture to restore posterior vertical height. |
 | Media file 12: Mandibular fracture. Postoperative pantomogram. |
 | Media file 13: Mandibular fracture. Intraoperative view. Reconstruction plate used to span continuity defect of right mandibular body. |
 | Media file 14: Mandibular fracture. Autologous bone harvested from the patient's anterior iliac crest placed into defect. |
 | Media file 15: Mandibular sagittal symphysis fracture and dentoalveolar fracture. |
 | Media file 16: Mandibular fracture treated with lag screw fixation and debridement of dentoalveolar segment. |
 | Media file 17: Mandibular fracture. Patient lost to follow-up at local county jail presents with infected nonunion of mandibular symphysis. |
 | Media file 18: Mandibular fracture. Infection treated with incision and drainage and intravenous antibiotics. Hardware was removed and site debrided. Postoperative posteroanterior cephalometric view demonstrating reconstruction plate in place. |
 | Media file 19: Mandibular fracture. Lateral view. |
 | Media file 20: Right mandibular parasymphysis fracture. |
 | Media file 21: Mandibular fracture treated with 4-hole positional plate and maxillomandibular fixation. |
 | Media file 22: Comminuted mandibular fracture. |
 | Media file 23: Axial CT scan demonstrating multiple fractures of the mandible. |
 | Media file 24: Axial CT scan demonstrating severe displacement. |
 | Media file 25: Mandibular fracture. Intraoperative view demonstrating fixation of mandibular segments. |
 | Media file 26: Mandibular fracture. Left lateral view. |
 | Media file 27: Mandibular fracture. Right lateral view. |
 | Media file 28: Mandibular fracture. Axial CT scan demonstrating status post fixation. |
 | Media file 29: Right mandibular ramus and left mandibular parasymphysis fractures. |
 | Media file 30: Mandibular fracture. Pantomogram status post fixation. |
 | Media file 31: Mandibular fracture. Postoperative posteroanterior cephalometric view. |
 | Media file 32: Right sagittal mandibular body fracture and left parasymphysis fracture. |
 | Media file 33: Mandibular fracture. The right side was treated with 3 positional screws to engage buccal and lingual cortices of sagittal fracture. The right side is rigidly fixated with a 6-hole plate. |
 | Media file 34: Right mandibular body fracture. Left mandibular angle fracture going through tooth #17. |
 | Media file 35: Right mandibular body and left mandibular angle fractures status post fixation. Tooth #17 was extracted. |
 | Media file 36: Mandibular fracture. Interarch elastics may be used for maxillomandibular fixation. They also may be used loosely for guidance during postoperative care. |
 | Media file 37: Left mandibular angle fracture involving tooth #17. Right mandibular body fracture. |
 | Media file 38: Tooth #17 was extracted. A superior border plate was placed at the left mandibular angle. An inferior border plate was placed for the right mandibular body fracture. |
 | Media file 39: Mandibular fracture. Patient presents with occlusal step off between right mandibular central and lateral incisors. |
 | Media file 40: Mandibular fracture. View of occlusal step off. |
 | Media file 41: Mandibular fracture. Bridle wire used to decrease mobility and provide patient comfort. |
 | Media file 42: Mandibular fracture. Barton bandage used to decrease fracture mobility and provide patient comfort until definitive treatment. |
 | Media file 43: Left mandibular body fracture. |
 | Media file 44: Mandibular fracture. Open reduction rigid internal fixation of left mandibular body fracture. |
 | Media file 45: Mandibular fracture. Postoperative radiograph demonstrating reduction and fixation. |
 | Media file 46: Mandibular fracture. Patient with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes with left open, complete, moderately displaced mandibular angle fracture between teeth #17 and #18. |
 | Media file 47: Mandibular fracture. Treated initially with a superior border plate and an inferior border plate as well as extraction of tooth #17. |
 | Media file 48: Mandibular fracture. Patient returns with infected nonunion of left mandibular angle and loose hardware. The superior border plate was removed. Tooth #18 was extracted. The patient was treated with intravenous and oral antibiotics. |
 | Media file 49: Mandibular fracture. Rigid fixation with an 8-hole plate. Two holes in the center are used to span the fracture site. |
More on Facial Trauma, Mandibular Fractures |
| Overview: Facial Trauma, Mandibular Fractures |
| Workup: Facial Trauma, Mandibular Fractures |
| Treatment: Facial Trauma, Mandibular Fractures |
| Follow-up: Facial Trauma, Mandibular Fractures |
 Multimedia: Facial Trauma, Mandibular Fractures |
| References |
| Further Reading |
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Further Reading
- For excellent patient education resources, visit eMedicine's Back, Ribs, Neck, and Head Center, Breaks, Fractures, and Dislocations Center, and Teeth and Mouth Center. Also, see eMedicine's patient education articles Broken Jaw and Broken or Knocked-out Teeth.
- Ellis and Zide's book Surgical Approaches to the Facial Skeleton is the definitive reference for mandibular and maxillary exposure. 55, 58
- Paul Manson's chapter in Mathes' Plastic Surgery is another essential reference written by a pioneer in the field. 12
- The Plastic Surgery Hyperguide and the AO Foundation website are two in-depth online references (membership registration required).
Keywords
jaw fractures, broken jaw, maxillomandibular fixation, MMF, intermaxillary fixation, IMF, internal fixation, rigid plate fixation, wire fixation, jaw fixation, fractured jaw, mandibular fracture, mandible fracture, mandible surgery, mandible pictures, mandible fracture surgery, mandible fracture treatment, treatment, surgical treatment, jaw surgery, mandible fixation, assault injury, motor vehicle injury
