Ear, Reconstruction and Salvage: Multimedia

References

1. Grabb WC, Dingman RO. The fate of amputated tissues of the head and neck following replacement. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jan 1972;49(1):28-32. [Medline].

2. Tanzer RC. Total reconstruction of the external ear. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1959;23:1.

3. Brent B. The acquired auricular deformity. A systematic approach to its analysis and reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. Apr 1977;59(4):475-85. [Medline].

4. Bardsley AF, Mercer DM. The injured ear: a review of 50 cases. Br J Plast Surg. Oct 1983;36(4):466-9. [Medline].

5. Kind GM. Microvascular ear replantation. Clin Plast Surg. Apr 2002;29(2):233-48, vii. [Medline].

6. Crikelair GF. A Method of Partial Ear Reconstruction for Avulsion of the Upper Portion of the Ear. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1956;17:438.

7. Converse JM. Reconstruction of the auricle. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1958;22:230.

8. Argamaso RV, Lewin ML. Repair of partial ear loss with local composite flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Nov 1968;42(5):437-41. [Medline].

9. Davis J. Reconstruction of the upper third of the ear with a chondrocutaneous composite flap based on the crus helix. Symposium on Reconstruction of the Auricle. 1974;247.

10. Masson JK. A simple island flap for reconstruction of concha-helix defects. Br J Plast Surg. Oct 1972;25(4):399-403. [Medline].

11. Pennington DG, Lai MF, Pelly AD. Successful replantation of a completely avulsed ear by microvascular anastomosis. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jun 1980;65(6):820-3. [Medline].

12. Aguilar EF 3rd. Auricular reconstruction of congenital microtia (grade III). Laryngoscope. Dec 1996;106(12 Pt 2 Su 82):1-26. [Medline].

13. Alanis SZ. A new method for earlobe reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. Mar 1970;45(3):254-7. [Medline].

14. Alconchel MD, Rodrigo J, Cimorra GA. A combined flap technique for earlobe reconstruction in one stage. Br J Plast Surg. Jun 1996;49(4):242-4. [Medline].

15. Anous MM, Hallock GG. Immediate reconstruction of the auricle using the amputated cartilage and the temporoparietal fascia. Ann Plast Surg. Oct 1988;21(4):378-81. [Medline].

16. Antia NH, Buch VI. Chondrocutaneous advancement flap for the marginal defect of the ear. Plast Reconstr Surg. May 1967;39(5):472-7. [Medline].

17. Apfelberg DB, Waisbren BA, Masters FW, Robinson DW. Treatment of chondritis in the burned ear by the local instillation of antibiotics. Plast Reconstr Surg. Feb 1974;53(2):179-83. [Medline].

18. Bardsley AF. Primary reconstruction of a severed ear fragment using a flap of temporo-parietal fascia. Br J Plast Surg. Oct 1986;39(4):524-5. [Medline].

19. Bauer BS, Fortes B. Ear reconstruction. In: Plastic Surgery Secrets. 1999.

20. Berghaus A, Toplak F. Surgical concepts for reconstruction of the auricle. History and current state of the art. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Apr 1986;112(4):388-97. [Medline].

21. Bhandari PS. Use of triamcinolone acetonide injection in ear reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg. Oct 2000;45(4):458-61. [Medline].

22. Bialostocki A, Tan ST. Modified Antia-Buch repair for full-thickness upper pole auricular defects. Plast Reconstr Surg. Apr 1999;103(5):1476-9. [Medline].

23. Brent BD. Ear reconstruction. In: Grabb and Smith's Plastic Surgery. 5^th ed. 1997.

24. Chana JS, Grobbelaar AO, Gault DT. Tissue expansion as an adjunct to reconstruction of congenital and acquired auricular deformities. Br J Plast Surg. Sep 1997;50(6):456-62. [Medline].

25. Cho BH, Ahn HB. Microsurgical replantation of a partial ear, with leech therapy. Ann Plast Surg. Oct 1999;43(4):427-9. [Medline].

26. Chun JK, Sterry TP, Margoles SL, Silver L. Salvage of ear replantation using the temporoparietal fascia flap. Ann Plast Surg. Apr 2000;44(4):435-9. [Medline].

27. Concannon MJ, Puckett CL. Microsurgical replantation of an ear in a child without venous repair. Plast Reconstr Surg. Nov 1998;102(6):2088-93; discussion 2094-6. [Medline].

28. Dabb RW, Malone JM, Leverett LC. The use of medicinal leeches in the salvage of flaps with venous congestion. Ann Plast Surg. Sep 1992;29(3):250-6. [Medline].

29. David SK, Cheney ML. An anatomic study of the temporoparietal fascial flap. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Oct 1995;121(10):1153-6. [Medline].

30. David SK, Cheney ML. An anatomic study of the temporoparietal fascial flap. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Oct 1995;121(10):1153-6. [Medline].

31. de Chalain T, Jones G. Replantation of the avulsed pinna: 100 percent survival with a single arterial anastomosis and substitution of leeches for a venous anastomosis. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jun 1995;95(7):1275-9. [Medline].

32. Destro MW, Speranzini MB. Total reconstruction of the auricle after traumatic amputation. Plast Reconstr Surg. Nov 1994;94(6):859-64. [Medline].

33. Donelan MB. Conchal transposition flap for postburn ear deformities. Plast Reconstr Surg. Apr 1989;83(4):641-54. [Medline].

34. Dowling JA, Foley FD, Moncrief JA. Chondritis in the burned ear. Plast Reconstr Surg. Aug 1968;42(2):115-22. [Medline].

35. Dujon DG, Bowditch M. The thin tube pedicle: a valuable technique in auricular reconstruction after trauma. Br J Plast Surg. Jan 1995;48(1):35-8. [Medline].

36. Earley MJ, Bardsley AF. Human bites: a review. Br J Plast Surg. Oct 1984;37(4):458-62. [Medline].

37. Elsahy NI. Reconstruction of the cleft earlobe with preservation of the perforation for an earring. Plast Reconstr Surg. Feb 1986;77(2):322-4. [Medline].

38. English GM. Common injuries to the ear. Prim Care. Sep 1976;3(3):507-20. [Medline].

39. Eriksson E, Vogt PM. Ear reconstruction. Clin Plast Surg. Jul 1992;19(3):637-43. [Medline].

40. Furnas DW. Complications of surgery of the external ear. Clin Plast Surg. Apr 1990;17(2):305-18. [Medline].

41. Giffin CS. Wrestler's ear: pathophysiology and treatment. Ann Plast Surg. Feb 1992;28(2):131-9. [Medline].

42. Hackney FL, Snively SL. Plastic surgery of the ear. In: Selected Readings in Plastic Surgery. Vol 8(16). 1997:1-26.

43. Harris PA, Ladhani K, Das-Gupta R, Gault DT. Reconstruction of acquired sub-total ear defects with autologous costal cartilage. Br J Plast Surg. Jun 1999;52(4):268-75. [Medline].

44. Henrich DE, Logan TC, Lewis RS, Shockley WW. Composite graft survival. An auricular amputation model. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Oct 1995;121(10):1137-42. [Medline].

45. Jenkins AM, Finucan T. Primary nonmicrosurgical reconstruction following ear avulsion using the temporoparietal fascial island flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jan 1989;83(1):148-52. [Medline].

46. Juri J, Irigaray A, Juri C, et al. Ear replantation. Plast Reconstr Surg. Sep 1987;80(3):431-5. [Medline].

47. Kind GM, Buncke GM, Placik OJ, et al. Total ear replantation. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jun 1997;99(7):1858-67. [Medline].

48. Leferink VJ, Nicolai JP. Malignant tumors of the external ear. Ann Plast Surg. Dec 1988;21(6):550-4. [Medline].

49. Lehmuskallio E, Lindholm H, Koskenvuo K. Frostbite of the face and ears: epidemiological study of risk factors in Finnish conscripts. BMJ. Dec 23-30 1995;311(7021):1661-3. [Medline].

50. Low DW. Modified chondrocutaneous advancement flap for ear reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jul 1998;102(1):174-7. [Medline].

51. Martinez JM, Alconchel MD, Olivares C, Cimorra GA. Reconstruction of the tragus after tumour excision. Br J Plast Surg. Oct 1997;50(7):552-4. [Medline].

52. Mellette JR Jr. Ear reconstruction with local flaps. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. Feb 1991;17(2):176-82. [Medline].

53. Menick FJ. Reconstruction of the ear after tumor excision. Clin Plast Surg. Apr 1990;17(2):405-15. [Medline].

54. Millard DR Jr. Reconstruction of one-third plus of the auricular circumference. Plast Reconstr Surg. Sep 1992;90(3):475-8. [Medline].

55. Mladick RA. Salvage of the ear in acute trauma. Clin Plast Surg. Jul 1978;5(3):427-35. [Medline].

56. Mohan M, Appukuttan PK, Srinivasan A. Earlobe reconstruction with a preauricular flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Aug 1978;62(2):267-70. [Medline].

57. Nath RK, Kraemer BA, Azizzadeh A. Complete ear replantation without venous anastomosis. Microsurgery. 1998;18(4):282-5. [Medline].

58. Ohsumi N, Iida N. Ear reconstruction with chondrocutaneous postauricular island flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Sep 1995;96(3):718-20. [Medline].

59. Okada E, Maruyama Y. A simple method for earlobe reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jan 1998;101(1):162-6. [Medline].

60. Orticochea M. Reconstruction of partial loss of the auricle. Plast Reconstr Surg. Oct 1970;46(4):403-5. [Medline].

61. Pardue AM. Repair of torn earlobe with preservation of the perforation for an earring. Plast Reconstr Surg. Apr 1973;51(4):472-3. [Medline].

62. Park C, Chung S. A single-stage two-flap method for reconstruction of partial auricular defect. Plast Reconstr Surg. Sep 1998;102(4):1175-81. [Medline].

63. Park C, Lineaweaver WC, Rumly TO, Buncke HJ. Arterial supply of the anterior ear. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jul 1992;90(1):38-44. [Medline].

64. Presutti RJ. Bite wounds. Early treatment and prophylaxis against infectious complications. Postgrad Med. Apr 1997;101(4):243-4, 246-52, 254. [Medline].

65. Pribaz JJ, Crespo LD, Orgill DP, et al. Ear replantation without microsurgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jun 1997;99(7):1868-72. [Medline].

66. Ramirez OM, Heckler FR. Reconstruction of nonmarginal defects of the ear with chondrocutaneous advancement flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jul 1989;84(1):32-40. [Medline].

67. Scott MJ, Klaassen MF. Immediate reconstruction of the helical rim after bite injury using the posterior auricular flap. Injury. 1992;23(5):333-5. [Medline].

68. Talmi YP, Horowitz Z, Bedrin L, Kronenberg J. Auricular reconstruction with a postauricular myocutaneous island flap: flip-flop flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Dec 1996;98(7):1191-9. [Medline].

69. Talmi YP, Liokumovitch P, Wolf M, et al. Anatomy of the postauricular island "revolving door" flap ("flip-flop" flap). Ann Plast Surg. Dec 1997;39(6):603-7. [Medline].

70. Tanaka Y, Tajima S, Tsujiguchi K, et al. Microvascular reconstruction of nose and ear defects using composite auricular free flaps. Ann Plast Surg. Oct 1993;31(4):298-302. [Medline].

71. Templer J, Renner GJ. Injuries of the external ear. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. Oct 1990;23(5):1003-18. [Medline].

72. Thomas SS, Matthews RN. Squamous cell carcinoma of the pinna: a 6-year study. Br J Plast Surg. Mar 1994;47(2):81-5. [Medline].

73. Turpin IM, Altman DI, Cruz HG, Achauer BM. Salvage of the severely injured ear. Ann Plast Surg. Aug 1988;21(2):170-9. [Medline].

74. van der Lei B, Spronk CA. Reconstruction of non-marginal ear defect by a postauricular wedge transposition flap. Br J Plast Surg. Jan 1998;51(1):14-6. [Medline].

75. Wilkes GH, Wolfaardt JF. Osseointegrated alloplastic versus autogenous ear reconstruction: criteria for treatment selection. Plast Reconstr Surg. Apr 1994;93(5):967-79. [Medline].

76. Yotsuyanagi T, Nihei Y, Sawada Y. Reconstruction of defects involving the upper one-third of the auricle. Plast Reconstr Surg. Sep 1998;102(4):988-92. [Medline].

77. Yotsuyanagi T, Urushidate S, Sawada Y. Helical crus reconstruction using a postauricular chondrocutaneous flap. Ann Plast Surg. Jan 1999;42(1):61-6. [Medline].

78. Yousif NJ, Denny AD, Forte R, et al. The effect of frostbite on the reconstructed ear. Ann Plast Surg. Feb 1994;32(2):132-4. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

ear surgery, ear injury, ear reconstruction, ear salvage, reconstructive surgery, auricular defects, tumor excision, avulsion

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Steven P Davison, DDS, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Georgetown University Medical Center
Steven P Davison, DDS, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Laryngological Rhinological and Otological Society, American Medical Association, and American Society of Plastic Surgeons
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Brooke Nicole Bosley, MD, Staff Physician, Department of Otolaryngology, Georgetown University Hospital
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Henry Daniel Sandel IV, MD, Staff Physician, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital
Henry Daniel Sandel IV, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Medical Association, and Triological Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Lawrence Ketch, MD, FAAP, FACS, Head, Program Director, Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Chief, Pediatric Plastic, The Children's Hospital of Denver
Lawrence Ketch, MD, FAAP, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics, American Association for Hand Surgery, American Association of Plastic Surgeons, American Burn Association, American Cleft Palate/Craniofacial Association, American College of Surgeons, American Society for Surgery of the Hand, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, Association for Academic Surgery, and Plastic Surgery Research Council
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

R Edward Newsome, MD, Program Director and Chief of Plastic Surgery, Henderson Chair in Surgery, Assistant Dean for Graduate Medical Education, Tulane University School of Medicine
R Edward Newsome, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, and Louisiana State Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Nicolas (Nick) G Slenkovich, MD, Practice Director, Colorado Plastic Surgery Center at Swedish Medical Center
Nicolas (Nick) G Slenkovich, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Medical Association, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, and Colorado Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Jorge I de la Torre, MD, FACS, Professor of Surgery and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Residency Program Director, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Director, Center for Advanced Surgical Aesthetics
Jorge I de la Torre, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Plastic Surgeons, American Burn Association, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, Association for Academic Surgery, and Medical Association of the State of Alabama
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.