Workup
Laboratory Studies
- Every patient must undergo an appropriate and complete medical history and physical examination prior to rhinoplasty/osteotomy. The following laboratory tests should be included:
- CBC
- Urinalysis
- Electrolytes
- Electrocardiogram (for men >40 y and women >50 y, unless a history of hypertension, stroke, arrhythmia, diabetes, or smoking, or any other concerning reason, is present)
- Pregnancy test in women of childbearing age
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, and hepatitis C testing
Imaging Studies
- Obtain a chest radiograph when none has been performed for more than 1 year, if the patient has a history of smoking or prior disease or if one is indicated by age.
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References
American Society of Plastic Surgeons. 2000/2006/2007 National Plastic Surgery Statistics. American Society of Plastic Surgeons Web site. Available at http://www.plasticsurgery.org/media/statistics/loader.cfm?url=/commonspot/security/getfile.cfm&PageID=29287. Accessed October 7, 2008.
Oneal RM, Izenberg PH, Schlesinger J. Surgical anatomy of the nose. In: Daniel RK, ed. Rhinoplasty. 1993:27.
Goodman WS, Gilbert RW. The anatomy of external rhinoplasty. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. Nov 1987;20(4):641-52. [Medline].
Busca GP, Amasio ME, Sartoris A. [Complications of rhinoplasty]. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 1990;10 Suppl 31:1-37. [Medline].
Cabouli JL, Guerrissi JO, Mileto A, Cerisola JA. Local infection following aesthetic rhinoplasty. Ann Plast Surg. Oct 1986;17(4):306-9. [Medline].
Conrad K, Gillman G. Refining osteotomy techniques in rhinoplasty. J Otolaryngol. Feb 1998;27(1):1-9. [Medline].
Giampapa VC, DiBernardo BE. Nasal osteotomy--utilizing dual plane reciprocating nasal saw blades: a 6-year follow-up. Ann Plast Surg. Jun 1993;30(6):500-2. [Medline].
Goldfarb M, Gallups JM, Gerwin JM. Perforating osteotomies in rhinoplasty. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Jun 1993;119(6):624-7. [Medline].
Harnick DB. A new and exact way to make an osteotomy at the nasofrontal bone junction [letter]. Plast Reconstr Surg. Nov 1993;92(6):1201-2. [Medline].
Hunts JH, Patrinely JR, Stal S. Orbital hemorrhage during rhinoplasty. Ann Plast Surg. Dec 1996;37(6):618-23. [Medline].
Isfendiyar MA. Intraoral versus intranasal approach to lateral osteotomy [letter; comment]. Plast Reconstr Surg. Oct 1993;92(5):984-5. [Medline].
Kuran I, Ozcan H, Usta A, Bas L. Comparison of four different types of osteotomes for lateral osteotomy: a cadaver study. Aesthetic Plast Surg. Jul-Aug 1996;20(4):323-6. [Medline].
Pontell J, Slavit DH, Kern EB. The role of outfracture in correcting post-rhinoplasty nasal obstruction. Ear Nose Throat J. Feb 1998;77(2):106-8, 111-2. [Medline].
Rohrich RJ, Minoli JJ, Adams WP, Hollier LH. The lateral nasal osteotomy in rhinoplasty: an anatomic endoscopic comparison of the external versus the internal approach. Plast Reconstr Surg. Apr 1997;99(5):1309-12; discussion 1313. [Medline].
Sullivan MJ, Krause CJ. Surgery of the bony and cartilaginous dorsum. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. Nov 1987;20(4):825-35. [Medline].
Thomas JR, Griner N. The relationship of lateral osteotomies in rhinoplasty to the lacrimal drainage system. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Mar 1986;94(3):362-7. [Medline].
Thomas JR, Griner NR, Remmler DJ. Steps for a safer method of osteotomies in rhinoplasty. Laryngoscope. Jun 1987;97(6):746-7. [Medline].
Trenite GJ. Trauma reduction in rhinoplastic surgery. Rhinology. Jun 1991;29(2):111-6. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
rhinoplasty, osteotomies, osteotomy, fractures, infracture, outfracture, breaks, bony cuts, bone excision, cutting bone, nasal surgery, nose surgery, nasal bone, nasal fracture, nose job, nasal break
Workup: Rhinoplasty, Osteotomies