Perineal Reconstruction: Multimedia

References

1. Ducic I, Dayan JH, Attinger CE, Curry P. Complex perineal and groin wound reconstruction using the extended dissection technique of the gracilis flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Aug 2008;122(2):472-8. [Medline].

2. McCraw JB, Massey FM, Shanklin KD, Horton CE. Vaginal reconstruction with gracilis myocutaneous flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. Aug 1976;58(2):176-83. [Medline].

3. Nastala CL, McCraw JB, McMellin A. Vaginal reconstruction using the gracilis myocutaneous flap. In: Alter G, ed. Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery of the External Genitalia. WB Saunders Co;1998.

4. Persichetti P, Cogliandro A, Marangi GF, et al. Pelvic and perineal reconstruction following abdominoperineal resection: the role of gracilis flap. Ann Plast Surg. Aug 2007;59(2):168-72. [Medline].

5. Bell SW, Dehni N, Chaouat M, et al. Primary rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap for repair of perineal and vaginal defects after extended abdominoperineal resection. Br J Surg. Apr 2005;92(4):482-6. [Medline].

6. Buchel EW, Finical S, Johnson C. Pelvic reconstruction using vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps. Ann Plast Surg. Jan 2004;52(1):22-6. [Medline].

7. Hui K, Zhang F, Pickus E, et al. Modification of the vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (VRAM) flap for functional reconstruction of complex vulvoperineal defects. Ann Plast Surg. Dec 2003;51(6):556-60. [Medline].

8. Sunesen KG, Buntzen S, Tei T, Lindegaard JC, Norgaard M, Laurberg S. Perineal healing and survival after anal cancer salvage surgery: 10-year experience with primary perineal reconstruction using the vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap. Ann Surg Oncol. Jan 2009;16(1):68-77. [Medline].

9. Tobin GR, Day TG. Vaginal and pelvic reconstruction with distally based rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jan 1988;81(1):62-73. [Medline].

10. Weiwei L, Zhifei L, Ang Z, Lin Z, Dan L, Qiaoqun. Vaginal reconstruction with the muscle-sparing vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. Oct 18 2008;[Medline].

11. Gould WL, Montero N, Cukic J, et al. The "split" gluteus maximus musculocutaneous flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. Feb 1994;93(2):330-6. [Medline].

12. Eo S, Kim D, Jones NF. Microdissection thinning of a pedicled deep inferior epigastric perforator flap for burn scar contracture of the groin: case report. J Reconstr Microsurg. Oct 2005;21(7):447-50; discussion 451-2. [Medline].

13. Muneuchi G, Ohno M, Shiota A, et al. Deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap for vulvar reconstruction after radical vulvectomy: a less invasive and simple procedure utilizing an abdominal incision wound. Ann Plast Surg. Oct 2005;55(4):427-9. [Medline].

14. Blondeel PN, Van Landuyt K, Hamdi M, Monstrey SJ. Soft tissue reconstruction with the superior gluteal artery perforator flap. Clin Plast Surg. Jul 2003;30(3):371-82. [Medline].

15. Benito P, De Juan A, Cano M, Elena E. Reconstruction of an extensive perineal defect using two modified V-Y flaps based on perforators from the gluteus maximus muscle. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. Sep 2008;61(9):e1-4. [Medline].

16. Di Mauro D, D'Hoore A, Penninckx F, De Wever I, Vergote I, Hierner R. V-Y bilateral gluteus maximus myocutaneous advancement flap in the reconstruction of large perineal defects after resection of pelvic malignancies. Colorectal Dis. Jul 15 2008;[Medline].

17. Hurwitz DJ, Walton RL. Closure of chronic wounds of the perineal and sacral regions using the gluteal thigh flap. Ann Plast Surg. May 1982;8(5):375-86. [Medline].

18. Wang X, Qiao Q, Burd A, et al. Perineum reconstruction with pedicled anterolateral thigh fasciocutaneous flap. Ann Plast Surg. Feb 2006;56(2):151-5. [Medline].

19. Abbott DE, Halverson AL, Wayne JD, Kim JY, Talamonti MS, Dumanian GA. The oblique rectus abdominal myocutaneous flap for complex pelvic wound reconstruction. Dis Colon Rectum. Aug 2008;51(8):1237-41. [Medline].

20. Nelson RA, Butler CE. Surgical outcomes of VRAM versus thigh flaps for immediate reconstruction of pelvic and perineal cancer resection defects. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jan 2009;123(1):175-83. [Medline].

21. Nisar PJ, Scott HJ. Myocutaneous flap reconstruction of the pelvis after abdominoperineal excision. Colorectal Dis. Nov 14 2008;[Medline].

22. Said HK, Bevers M, Butler CE. Reconstruction of the pelvic floor and perineum with human acellular dermal matrix and thigh flaps following pelvic exenteration. Gynecol Oncol. Dec 2007;107(3):578-82. [Medline].

23. Wang TN, Whetzel T, Mathes SJ, Vasconez LO. A fasciocutaneous flap for vaginal and perineal reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. Jul 1987;80(1):95-103. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

perineal reconstruction, genitourinary reconstruction, rectal cancer reconstruction, urogenital reconstruction, perineal defect, pelvic tumor, pelvic irradiation

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Chet L Nastala, MD, Plastic, Reconstructive, and Microsurgical Associates of South Texas, PA
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Dennis P Orgill, MD, PhD, Professor of Surgery, Harvard Medical School; Associate Chief of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital
Dennis P Orgill, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Burn Association, American Medical Association, American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery, Massachusetts Medical Society, and Plastic Surgery Research Council
Disclosure: Kinetic Concepts, Inc. Grant/research funds Principle Investigator; Isologen Corporation Grant/research funds Principle Investigator; Massachusetts Institute of Technology Royalty None; Brigham and Women's Hospital Royalty None; Regenesis Corporation Scientific Advisory Board Consulting; Kinetic Concepts, Inc. Expert Witness None

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Jaime R Garza, MD, DDS, FACS, Consulting Staff, Private Practice
Jaime R Garza, MD, DDS, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American Cleft Palate/Craniofacial Association, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, Texas Medical Association, and Texas Society of Plastic Surgeons
Disclosure: Allergan Honoraria Consulting

CME Editor

Nicolas (Nick) G Slenkovich, MD, Director, Colorado Plastic Surgery Center
Nicolas (Nick) G Slenkovich, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, and Colorado Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Jorge I de la Torre, MD, FACS, Professor of Surgery and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Residency Program Director, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham; Director, Center for Advanced Surgical Aesthetics
Jorge I de la Torre, MD, FACS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Plastic Surgeons, American Burn Association, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery, American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery, American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, American Society of Plastic Surgeons, Association for Academic Surgery, and Medical Association of the State of Alabama
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.