eMedicine Specialties > Cardiology > Valvular Heart Disease
Loeffler Endocarditis: Multimedia
Updated: Oct 14, 2008
Multimedia
![]() | Media file 1: Pathogenesis of Loeffler syndrome. |
![]() | Media file 2: Myocardial as well as valvular involvement with Loffler endocarditis. This image shows dense fibrosis of ventricle in a postmortem dissected heart. |
More on Loeffler Endocarditis |
| Overview: Loeffler Endocarditis |
| Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Loeffler Endocarditis |
| Treatment & Medication: Loeffler Endocarditis |
| Follow-up: Loeffler Endocarditis |
Multimedia: Loeffler Endocarditis |
| References |
| « Previous Page |
References
Richardson P, McKenna W, Bristow M, et al. Report of the 1995 World Health Organization/International Society and Federation of Cardiology Task Force on the Definition and Classification of cardiomyopathies. Circulation. Mar 1 1996;93(5):841-2. [Medline].
Loeffler W. Endocarditis parietalis fibroplastica mit Blut-eosinophilie, ein eigenartiges Krankheitshild. Schweiz Med Wochenschr;. 1936;66:817-820.
Oakley CM, Olsen GJ. Eosinophilia and heart disease. Br Heart J. Mar 1977;39(3):233-7. [Medline].
Herzog CA, Snover DC, Staley NA. Acute necrotising eosinophilic myocarditis. Br Heart J. Sep 1984;52(3):343-8. [Medline].
Tonnesen P, Teglbjaerg CS. An "unexpected" fatal case of the hypereosinophilic syndrome. Eur J Respir Dis. Jul 1984;65(5):389-93. [Medline].
Kim CH, Vlietstra RE, Edwards WD, et al. Steroid-responsive eosinophilic myocarditis: diagnosis by endomyocardial biopsy. Am J Cardiol. May 15 1984;53(10):1472-3. [Medline].
Isaka N, Araki S, Shibata M, et al. Reversal of coronary artery occlusions in allergic granulomatosis and angiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome). Am Heart J. Sep 1994;128(3):609-13. [Medline].
Seshadri S, Narula J, Chopra P. Asymptomatic eosinophilic myocarditis: 2 + 2 = 4 or 5!. Int J Cardiol. Jun 1991;31(3):348-9. [Medline].
Solley GO, Maldonado JE, Gleich GJ, et al. Endomyocardiopathy with eosinophilia. Mayo Clin Proc. Nov 1976;51(11):697-708. [Medline].
Olsen EG, Spry CJ. Relation between eosinophilia and endomyocardial disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. Jan-Feb 1985;27(4):241-54. [Medline].
Priglinger U, Drach J, Ullrich R, et al. Idiopathic eosinophilic endomyocarditis in the absence of peripheral eosinophilia. Leuk Lymphoma. Jan 2002;43(1):215-8. [Medline].
Tai PC, Ackerman SJ, Spry CJ, et al. Deposits of eosinophil granule proteins in cardiac tissues of patients with eosinophilic endomyocardial disease. Lancet. Mar 21 1987;1(8534):643-7. [Medline].
Spry CJ, Tai PC, Davies J. The cardiotoxicity of eosinophils. Postgrad Med J. Mar 1983;59(689):147-53. [Medline].
Gleich GJ, Frigas E, Loegering DA, et al. Cytotoxic properties of the eosinophil major basic protein. J Immunol. Dec 1979;123(6):2925-7. [Medline].
Slungaard A, Vercellotti GM, Tran T, et al. Eosinophil cationic granule proteins impair thrombomodulin function. A potential mechanism for thromboembolism in hypereosinophilic heart disease. J Clin Invest. Apr 1993;91(4):1721-30. [Medline].
Cunningham K, Davies RA, Catching J, Veinot JP. Pathologic quiz case: a young woman with eosinophilia and heart failure. Primary hypereosinophilic syndrome with loeffler endocarditis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. Jan 2005;129(1):e29-30. [Medline].
Cools J, DeAngelo DJ, Gotlib J, et al. A tyrosine kinase created by fusion of the PDGFRA and FIP1L1 genes as a therapeutic target of imatinib in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. N Engl J Med. Mar 27 2003;348(13):1201-14. [Medline].
Vandenberghe P, Wlodarska I, Michaux L, et al. Clinical and molecular features of FIP1L1-PDFGRA (+) chronic eosinophilic leukemias. Leukemia. Apr 2004;18(4):734-42. [Medline].
Rotoli B, Catalano L, Galderisi M, et al. Rapid reversion of Loeffler's endocarditis by imatinib in early stage clonal hypereosinophilic syndrome. Leuk Lymphoma. Dec 2004;45(12):2503-7. [Medline].
Alderman EL. Non-infective endocardial disease. In: Cardiovascular Disease. 1999:1-7.
Bestetti RB, Corbucci HA, Fornitano LD, et al. Angina-like chest pain and syncope as the clinical presentation of left ventricular endomyocardial fibrosis: a case report. Angiology. May-Jun 2005;56(3):339-42. [Medline].
Weller PF, Bubley GJ. The idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Blood. May 15 1994;83(10):2759-79. [Medline].
Maruyoshi H, Nakatani S, Yasumura Y, Hanatani A, Yamaguchi T, Yutani C, et al. Löffler's endocarditis associated with unusual ECG change mimicking posterior myocardial infarction. Heart Vessels. Mar 2003;18(1):43-6. [Medline].
Mor A, Segev A, Hershkovits R, et al. Hypereosinophilic syndrome presenting as acute myocardial infarction. Allergy. Sep 2000;55(9):899-900. [Medline].
Gudmundsson GS, Ohr J, Leya F, et al. An unusual case of recurrent Loffler endomyocarditis of the aortic valve. Arch Pathol Lab Med. May 2003;127(5):606-9. [Medline].
Parrillo JE. Heart disease and the eosinophil. N Engl J Med. Nov 29 1990;323(22):1560-1. [Medline].
Spyrou N, Foale R. Restrictive cardiomyopathies. Curr Opin Cardiol. May 1994;9(3):344-8. [Medline].
Child JS, Perloff JK. The restrictive cardiomyopathies. Cardiol Clin. May 1988;6(2):289-316. [Medline].
Watanabe K, Tournilhac O, Camilleri LF. Recurrent thrombosis of prosthetic mitral valve in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. J Heart Valve Dis. May 2002;11(3):447-9. [Medline].
Paydar A, Ordovas KG, Reddy GP. Magnetic resonance imaging for endomyocardial fibrosis. Pediatr Cardiol. Sep 2008;29(5):1004-5. [Medline].
Arnold M, McGuire L, Lee JC. Loeffler's fibroplastic endocarditis. Pathology. Jan 1988;20(1):79-82. [Medline].
Fawzy ME, Ziady G, Halim M, et al. Endomyocardial fibrosis: report of eight cases. J Am Coll Cardiol. Apr 1985;5(4):983-8. [Medline].
Felice PV, Sawicki J, Anto J. Endomyocardial disease and eosinophilia. Angiology. Nov 1993;44(11):869-74. [Medline].
Uetsuka Y, Kasahara S, Tanaka N, et al. Hemodynamic and scintigraphic improvement after steroid therapy in a case with acute eosinophilic heart disease. Heart Vessels Suppl. 1990;5:8-12. [Medline].
Butterfield JH, Gleich GJ. Interferon-alpha treatment of six patients with the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Ann Intern Med. Nov 1 1994;121(9):648-53. [Medline].
Tanaka H, Kawai H, Tatsumi K, Kataoka T, Onishi T, Yokoyama M, et al. Surgical treatment for Loffler's Endocarditis with left ventricular thrombus and severe mitral regurgitation: a case report. J Cardiol. April, 2006;47 (4):207-13. [Medline].
Jategaonkar S, Butz T, Faber L. [Surgical treatment of the hypereosinophilic syndrome with cardiac involvement (Löffler's endocarditis)]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. Mar. 2007;7133(12):50-52. [Medline].
Braunwald E, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 2001. 6th ed. WB Saunders Co.
Del Giudice P, Desalvador F, Bernard E, Caumes E, Vandenbos F, Marty P, et al. Loeffler's syndrome and cutaneous larva migrans: a rare association. Br J Dermatol. Aug 2002;147(2):386-8. [Medline].
deMello DE, Liapis H, Jureidini S, et al. Cardiac localization of eosinophil-granule major basic protein in acute necrotizing myocarditis. N Engl J Med. Nov 29 1990;323(22):1542-5. [Medline].
Fauci AS, Harley JB, Roberts WC, et al. NIH conference. The idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Clinical, pathophysiologic, and therapeutic considerations. Ann Intern Med. Jul 1982;97(1):78-92. [Medline].
[Best Evidence] Flood-Page P, Swenson C, Faiferman I, Matthews J, Williams M, Brannick L, et al. A study to evaluate safety and efficacy of mepolizumab in patients with moderate persistent asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. Dec 1 2007;176(11):1062-71. [Medline].
Garrett JK, Jameson SC, Thomson B, Collins MH, Wagoner LE, Freese DK, et al. Anti-interleukin-5 (mepolizumab) therapy for hypereosinophilic syndromes. J Allergy Clin Immunol. Jan 2004;113(1):115-9. [Medline].
Genovesi-Ebert A, Lombardi M, Capochiani E, et al. Heart involvement in T cell lymphoma through hypereosinophilic syndrome: a common complication of a rare condition. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2005;7(2):495-9. [Medline].
Gottdiener JS, Maron BJ, Schooley RT, et al. Two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Anatomic basis of mitral regurgitation and peripheral embolization. Circulation. Mar 1983;67(3):572-8. [Medline].
Hayashi S, Furuya S, Imamura H. Fulminant eosinophilic endomyocarditis in an asthmatic patient treated with pranlukast after corticosteroid withdrawal. Heart. Sep 2001;86(3):E7. [Medline].
Mepolizumab: 240563, anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody - GlaxoSmithKline, anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody - GlaxoSmithKline, SB 240563. Drugs R D. 2008;9(2):125-30. [Medline].
Ohnishi T, Kita H, Weiler D, et al. IL-5 is the predominant eosinophil-active cytokine in the antigen- induced pulmonary late-phase reaction. Am Rev Respir Dis. Apr 1993;147(4):901-7. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
Loeffler's endocarditis, endomyocardial fibrosis, Loeffler disease, Loeffler syndrome, restrictive cardiomyopathy, eosinophilia, eosinophilic myocarditis, thromboembolism, acute heart failure, hypereosinophilic syndrome, eosinophilic leukemia, eosinophilic endocardial disease, eosinophilic arteritis, myocarditis, eosinophilic endomyocardial disease, idiopathic eosinophilic endomyocarditis, hypereosinophilic syndrome, HES, posterior myocardial infarction, acute myocardial infarction, aortic valve regurgitation secondary to valve fibrosis and fibrotic vegetations on the aortic valve, amyloidosis, eosinophilic proliferation, peripheral eosinophilia, Loeffler endocarditis




Multimedia: Loeffler Endocarditis