Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome: Multimedia

References

1. Clerc A, Levy R, Critesco C. A propos du raccourcissement permanent de l'espace P-R de l'electrocardiogramme sans deformation du complex ventriculaire. Arch Mal Coeur. 1938;31:569.

2. LOWN B, GANONG WF, LEVINE SA. The syndrome of short P-R interval, normal QRS complex and paroxysmal rapid heart action. Circulation. May 1952;5(5):693-706. [Medline].

3. Burch GE, Kimball JL. Notes on the similarity of QRS complex configuration in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Am Heart J. 1946;32:560.

4. James TN. Morphology of the human atrioventricular node, with remarks pertinent to its electrophysiology. Am Heart J. 1961;62:756-71.

5. Brechenmacher C, Laham J, Iris L, et al. [Histological study of abnormal conduction pathways in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. May 1974;67(5):507-19. [Medline].

6. Josephson ME, Kastor JA. Supraventricular tachycardia in Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome: atrionodal versus intranodal reentry. Am J Cardiol. Oct 1977;40(4):521-7. [Medline].

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9. Jackman WM, Prystowsky EN, Naccarelli GV, et al. Reevaluation of enhanced atrioventricular nodal conduction: evidence to suggest a continuum of normal atrioventricular nodal physiology. Circulation. Feb 1983;67(2):441-8. [Medline].

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12. Ward DE, Camm AJ, Spurrell RAJ. Dual AH pathways in patients with and without the Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome. Br Heart J. 1981;45:356.

13. Benditt DG, Pritchett LC, Smith WM, et al. Characteristics of atrioventricular conduction and the spectrum of arrhythmias in lown-ganong-levine syndrome. Circulation. Mar 1978;57(3):454-65. [Medline].

14. Denes P, Wu D, Dhingra RC, et al. Demonstration of dual A-V nodal pathways in patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Circulation. Sep 1973;48(3):549-55. [Medline].

15. Mandel WJ, Danzig R, Hayakawa H. Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome. A study using His bundle electrograms. Circulation. Oct 1971;44(4):696-708. [Medline].

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18. Mahaim I. Kent fibers and the A-V paraspecific conduction through the upper connections of the bundle of His-Tawara. Am Heart J. 1947;33:651.

19. Ometto R, Thiene G, Corrado D, et al. Enhanced A-V nodal conduction (Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome) by congenitally hypoplastic A-V node. Eur Heart J. Nov 1992;13(11):1579-84. [Medline].

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21. Wiener I. Syndromes of Lown-Ganong-Levine and enhanced atrioventricular nodal conduction. Am J Cardiol. Sep 1 1983;52(5):637-9. [Medline].

22. Bauernfeind RA, Ayres BF, Wyndham CC, et al. Cycle length in atrioventricular nodal reentrant paroxysmal tachycardia with observations on the Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome. Am J Cardiol. Jun 1980;45(6):1148-53. [Medline].

23. Bauernfeind RA, Swiryn S, Strasberg B, et al. Analysis of anterograde and retrograde fast pathway properties in patients with dual atrioventricular nodal pathways: observations regarding the pathophysiology of the Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome. Am J Cardiol. Feb 1 1982;49(2):283-90. [Medline].

24. Ward DE, Camm J. Mechanisms of junctional tachycardias in the Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome. Am Heart J. Jan 1983;105(1):169-75. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

Lown-Gangong-Levine syndrome, LGL syndrome, Clerc-Levy-Critesco syndrome, enhanced atrioventricular nodal conduction, accelerated atrioventricular nodal conduction, short PR/normal QRS syndrome, short PR/narrow QRS syndrome, accessory pathway, WPW syndrome, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Daniel M Beyerbach, MD, PhD,, Consulting Staff, Florida Electrophysiology Associates; Affiliate Clinical Assistant Professor of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Regional Campus of University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Daniel M Beyerbach, MD, PhD, is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Christopher Cadman, MD, Director of Arrhythmia Service, Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of New Mexico
Christopher Cadman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology and Phi Beta Kappa
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Justin D Pearlman, MD, PhD, ME, MA, Director of Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging, Professor of Medicine, Professor of Radiology, Adjunct Professor, Thayer Bioengineering and Computer Science, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
Justin D Pearlman, MD, PhD, ME, MA is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology, American College of Physicians, American Federation for Medical Research, International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, and Radiological Society of North America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Frank M Sheridan, MD, Cardiology, Providence Everett Medical Center
Frank M Sheridan, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, and Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Amer Suleman, MD, Consultant in Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical City Dallas Hospital
Amer Suleman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Heart Association, American Institute of Stress, American Society of Hypertension, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Royal Society of Medicine, and Society of Cardiac Angiography and Interventions
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Jeffrey N Rottman, MD, Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology, Director, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology Fellowship Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; Chief, Department of Cardiology, Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Jeffrey N Rottman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Heart Association and North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology (NASPE)
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.