First-Degree Atrioventricular Block: Multimedia

References

1. Alkoutami GS, Reeves WC, Movahed A. The safety of adenosine pharmacologic stress testing in patients with first-degree atrioventricular block in the presence and absence of atrioventricular blocking medications. J Nucl Cardiol. Sep-Oct 1999;6(5):495-7. [Medline].

2. Berger PB, Ruocco NA, Ryan TJ, et al. Incidence and prognostic implications of heart block complicating inferior myocardial infarction treated with thrombolytic therapy: results from TIMI II. J Am Coll Cardiol. Sep 1992;20(3):533-40. [Medline].

3. Bexton RS, Camm AJ. First degree atrioventricular block. Eur Heart J. Mar 1984;5 Suppl A:107-9. [Medline].

4. Feigl D, Ashkenazy J, Kishon Y. Early and late atrioventricular block in acute inferior myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. Jul 1984;4(1):35-8. [Medline].

5. Gregoratos G, Cheitlin MD, Conill A, et al. ACC/AHA Guidelines for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices: Executive Summary--a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Pacemaker Implantation). Circulation. Apr 7 1998;97(13):1325-35. [Medline].

6. Ishikawa T, Kimura K, Miyazaki N, et al. Diastolic mitral regurgitation in patients with first-degree atrioventricular block. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. Nov 1992;15(11 Pt 2):1927-31. [Medline].

7. Ishikawa T, Kimura K, Nihei T, et al. Relationship between diastolic mitral regurgitation and PQ intervals or cardiac function in patients implanted with DDD pacemakers. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. Nov 1991;14(11 Pt 2):1797-802. [Medline].

8. Lev M. The pathology of complete atrioventricular block. Progress in cardiovascular diseases. 1964;6:317-326.

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10. Mellino M, Salcedo EE, Lever HM, et al. Echographic-quantified severity of mitral anulus calcification: prognostic correlation to related hemodynamic, valvular, rhythm, and conduction abnormalities. Am Heart J. Feb 1982;103(2):222-5. [Medline].

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12. Nair CK, Sketch MH, Desai R, et al. High prevalence of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias due to atrioventricular node-fascicular and sinus node-atrial disease in patients with mitral anular calcification. Am Heart J. Feb 1982;103(2):226-9. [Medline].

13. Panidis IP, Ross J, Munley B, et al. Diastolic mitral regurgitation in patients with atrioventricular conduction abnormalities: a common finding by Doppler echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. Apr 1986;7(4):768-74. [Medline].

14. Perlman LV, Ostrander LD, Keller JB, Chiang BN. An epidemiologic study of first degree atrioventricular block in Tecumseh, Michigan. Chest. Jan 1971;59(1):40-6. [Medline].

15. Rosen KM, Rahimtoola SH, Chuquimia R, et al. Electrophysiological significance of first degree atrioventricular block with intraventricular conduction disturbance. Circulation. Apr 1971;43(4):491-502. [Medline].

16. Schnittger I, Appleton CP, Hatle LK, Popp RL. Diastolic mitral and tricuspid regurgitation by Doppler echocardiography in patients with atrioventricular block: new insight into the mechanism of atrioventricular valve closure. J Am Coll Cardiol. Jan 1988;11(1):83-8. [Medline].

17. Sonesson SE, Salomonsson S, Jacobsson LA, et al. Signs of first-degree heart block occur in one-third of fetuses of pregnant women with anti-SSA/Ro 52-kd antibodies. Arthritis Rheum. Apr 2004;50(4):1253-61. [Medline].

18. Suda K, Raboisson MJ, Piette E, et al. Reversible atrioventricular block associated with closure of atrial septal defects using the Amplatzer device. J Am Coll Cardiol. May 5 2004;43(9):1677-82. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

first-degree atrioventricular block, AV block, heart block, Lev disease, Lenègre disease, Lenegre disease, His-Purkinje system, atrial depolarization, ventricular depolarization, P wave, QRS complex, His bundle, acute inferior myocardial infarction, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, infranodal block, wide QRS complex, coronary artery disease, acute myocardial infarction, inferior myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, Prinzmetal angina, idiopathic degenerative diseases of the conduction system, mitral valve annulus calcification, aortic valve annulus calcification, infective endocarditis, diphtheria, rheumatic fever, Chagas disease, Lyme disease, tuberculosis, acute myocarditis, collagen vascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematous, scleroderma, infiltrative diseases, amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, myotonic dystrophy, pacemaker syndrome, reversible first-degree AV block, permanent first-degree AV block, atrial septal defect closure, Amplatzer septal occluder,bundle-branchblock

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Jamshid Alaeddini, MD, FACC, Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiologist, Inland Cardiology Associates
Jamshid Alaeddini, MD, FACC is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, and Heart Rhythm Society
Disclosure: Boston Scientific Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Medtronic Honoraria Speaking and teaching; St. Jude  Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Reliant Honoraria Speaking and teaching

Coauthor(s)

Jamshid Shirani, MD, FACC, FAHA, Consulting Staff, Director of Cardiovascular Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Geisinger Medical Center
Jamshid Shirani, MD, FACC, FAHA is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American College of Cardiology, American College of Physicians, American Federation for Medical Research, American Heart Association, American Society of Echocardiography, and Association of Subspecialty Professors
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Robert E Fowles, MD, Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Utah College of Medicine; Consulting Staff, LDS Hospital; Director and Consulting Staff, Department of Cardiology, Salt Lake Clinic
Robert E Fowles, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology, American College of Physicians, and American Heart Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Brian Olshansky, MD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine
Brian Olshansky, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Autonomic Society, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Physicians, American College of Sports Medicine, American Federation for Clinical Research, American Heart Association, Cardiac Electrophysiology Society, Heart Rhythm Society, and New York Academy of Sciences
Disclosure: Guidant/Boston Scientific Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Medtronic Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Guidant/Boston Scientific Consulting fee Consulting; Reliant Grant/research funds Other; Novartis Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Novartis Consulting fee Consulting

CME Editor

Amer Suleman, MD, Consultant in Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical City Dallas Hospital
Amer Suleman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Heart Association, American Institute of Stress, American Society of Hypertension, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Royal Society of Medicine, and Society of Cardiac Angiography and Interventions
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Leonard Ganz, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine; Cardiac Electrophysiologist, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Cent, West Penn Hospital
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.