Syncope: Multimedia

References

1. Brignole M, Alboni P, Benditt DG, et al. Guidelines on management (diagnosis and treatment) of syncope--update 2004. Europace. Nov 2004;6(6):467-537.

2. Cannom DS. A critical appraisal of indications for the implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Clin Cardiol. May 1992;15(5):369-72. [Medline].

3. Chen-Scarabelli C, Scarabelli TM. Neurocardiogenic syncope. BMJ. Aug 7 2004;329(7461):336-41.

4. Connolly SJ, Sheldon R, Roberts RS, Gent M. The North American Vasovagal Pacemaker Study (VPS). A randomized trial of permanent cardiac pacing for the prevention of vasovagal syncope. J Am Coll Cardiol. Jan 1999;33(1):16-20. [Medline].

5. Grubb BP, Kosinski DJ. Syncope resulting from autonomic insufficiency syndromes associated with orthostatic intolerance. Med Clin North Am. Mar 2001;85(2):457-72. [Medline].

6. Kapoor WN. Syncope. N Engl J Med. Dec 21 2000;343(25):1856-62. [Medline].

7. Kapoor WN. Current evaluation and management of syncope. Circulation. Sep 24 2002;106(13):1606-9.

8. Linzer M, Yang EH, Estes NA 3rd, et al. Diagnosing syncope. Part 1: Value of history, physical examination, and electrocardiography. Clinical Efficacy Assessment Project of the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. Jun 15 1997;126(12):989-96. [Medline].

9. Linzer M, Yang EH, Estes NA 3rd, et al. Diagnosing syncope. Part 2: Unexplained syncope. Clinical Efficacy Assessment Project of the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. Jul 1 1997;127(1):76-86. [Medline].

10. Soteriades ES, Evans JC, Larson MG. Incidence and prognosis of syncope. N Engl J Med. Sep 19 2002;347(12):878-85. [Medline].

11. Sutton R, Brignole M, Menozzi C, et al. Dual-chamber pacing in the treatment of neurally mediated tilt-positive cardioinhibitory syncope: pacemaker versus no therapy: a multicenter randomized study. The Vasovagal Syncope International Study (VASIS) Investigators. Circulation. Jul 18 2000;102(3):294-9. [Medline].

Further Reading

Keywords

syncope, loss of consciousness, loss of postural tone, decreased cerebral perfusion, brainstem hypoxia, carotid sinus pressure, coronary artery disease, nonischemic cardiomyopathy, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, ventricular tachyarrhythmia, congenital long QT syndrome, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, WPW syndrome, Brugada syndrome, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, syncopal episode, blackout, dizzy spell, seizure, dizziness, aortic stenosis, pulmonary embolus, pulmonary hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, acute MI, tamponade, aortic dissection, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, supraventricular tachycardia, SVT, torsades de pointes, ventricular tachycardia, VT, ventricular fibrillation, AV block, atrioventricular block, A/V block, A-V block, sick sinus syndrome, implanted cardioverter/defibrillators, ICDs

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Jatin Dave, MD, MPH, Instructor, Department of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Aging, Harvard Medical School; Staff Physician, Brigham and Women's Hospital
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Revat Lakhia, MD, Visiting Staff, Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Graduate Student in Public Health, Department of Health Science, West Chester University of Pennsylvania
Revat Lakhia, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Medical Council of India
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Hanumant Deshmukh, MD †, Former Chief of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Former Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Brian Olshansky, MD, Professor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine
Brian Olshansky, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Autonomic Society, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Physicians, American College of Sports Medicine, American Federation for Clinical Research, American Heart Association, Cardiac Electrophysiology Society, Heart Rhythm Society, and New York Academy of Sciences
Disclosure: Guidant/Boston Scientific Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Medtronic Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Guidant/Boston Scientific Consulting fee Consulting; Reliant Grant/research funds Other; Novartis Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Novartis Consulting fee Consulting

CME Editor

Amer Suleman, MD, Consultant in Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical City Dallas Hospital
Amer Suleman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Heart Association, American Institute of Stress, American Society of Hypertension, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Royal Society of Medicine, and Society of Cardiac Angiography and Interventions
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Michael E Zevitz, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Finch University of the Health Sciences, The Chicago Medical School; Consulting Staff, Private Practice
Michael E Zevitz, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, and Michigan State Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.