Cholelithiasis: Multimedia

References

1. Heuman DM, Moore EL, Vlahcevic ZR. Pathogenesis and dissolution of gallstones. In: Zakim D, Boyer TD, eds. Hepatology: A Textbook of Liver Disease. 1996. 3^rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1996:376-417.

2. Center SA. Diseases of the gallbladder and biliary tree. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. May 2009;39(3):543-98. [Medline].

3. Wang HH, Liu M, Clegg DJ, Portincasa P, Wang DQ. New insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying effects of estrogen on cholesterol gallstone formation. Biochim Biophys Acta. Jul 6 2009;epub ahead of print. [Medline].

4. Yao CC, Huang SM, Lin CC, et al. Assessment of common bile duct using laparoscopic ultrasound during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. Aug 2009;19(4):317-20. [Medline].

5. Binenbaum SJ, Teixeira JA, Forrester GJ, et al. Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy using a flexible endoscope. Arch Surg. Aug 2009;144(8):734-8. [Medline].

6. Ghazal AH, Sorour MA, El-Riwini M, El-Bahrawy H. Single-step treatment of gall bladder and bile duct stones: A combined endoscopic-laparoscopic technique. Int J Surg. May 27 2009;epub ahead of print. [Medline].

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8. Bhattacharya D, Ammori BJ. Contemporary minimally invasive approaches to the management of acute cholecystitis: a review and appraisal. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. Feb 2005;15(1):1-8. [Medline].

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Further Reading

Related eMedicine Topics

• Biliary Colic
• Choledocholithiasis
• Cholelithiasis [in the Emergency Medicine section]
• Cholelithiasis [in the Pediatrics: General Medicine section]
• Cholelithiasis [in the Radiology section]

Clinical Trials

• Comparison of Single Trocar Cholecystectomy to Standard Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
• L aparoendoscopic Rendez Vous Versus Standard Two Stage Approach for the Management of Cholelithiasis/Choledocholithiasis
• Minimally Invasive Surgery: Using Natural Orfices

• ACR Appropriateness Criteria® right upper quadrant pain. American College of Radiology - Medical Specialty Society. 1996 (revised 2007). 5 pages. NGC:006992
• ASGE guideline: the role of ERCP in diseases of the biliary tract and the pancreas. American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy - Medical Specialty Society. 2005 Jul. 8 pages. NGC:004486

Keywords

cholelithiasis, gallstones, gallstone disease, gallbladder stones, gallbladder disease, gallbladder pain, gall bladder removal, pure cholesterol gallstones, pure pigment gallstones, mixed gallstones, biliary sludge, biliary colic, cholecystectomy, common bile duct stones, gall stones, choledocholithiasis, cholecystolithiasis

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Douglas M Heuman, MD, FACP, FACG, AGAF, Chief of Hepatology, Hunter Holmes McGuire Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine
Douglas M Heuman, MD, FACP, FACG, AGAF is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Physicians, and American Gastroenterological Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Anastasios A Mihas, MD, DMSc, FACP, FACG, Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Virginia Commonwealth University Hospitals and Clinics; Chief of GI Clinical Research, Director of GI Outpatient Service, Associate Director of Hepatology, Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Anastasios A Mihas, MD, DMSc, FACP, FACG is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, American Federation for Clinical Research, American Gastroenterological Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Gastroenterology Research Group, Sigma Xi, and Southern Society for Clinical Investigation
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Jeff Allen, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

David Eric Bernstein, MD, Chief, Section of Hepatology, North Shore University Hospital, Director, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hepatology, New York University School of Medicine
David Eric Bernstein, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, American Gastroenterological Association, and American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

BS Anand, MD, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine
BS Anand, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, American Gastroenterological Association, and American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Alex J Mechaber, MD, FACP, Associate Dean for Undergraduate Medical Education, Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
Alex J Mechaber, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, and Society of General Internal Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Julian Katz, MD, Clinical Professor of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital of the Medical College of Pennsylvania
Julian Katz, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, American Gastroenterological Association, American Geriatrics Society, American Medical Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, American Society of Law Medicine and Ethics, American Trauma Society, Association of American Medical Colleges, and Physicians for Social Responsibility
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.