Follow-up
Transfer
- No specifications
Complications
- Bleeding from an erosion or ulcer
- Gastric outlet obstruction due to edema limiting the adequate transfer of food from the stomach to the small intestine
- Dehydration from vomiting
- Renal insufficiency as a result of dehydration
Prognosis
- Gastritis generally clears spontaneously.
- With treatment, the mortality rate of phlegmonous gastritis is 64%.
Patient Education
- Explain the disease to the patient.
- Encourage cessation of smoking and alcohol consumption.
- Warn patients of the potential effects of noxious drugs and chemical agents.
- For excellent patient education resources, visit eMedicine's Esophagus, Stomach, and Intestine Center. Also, see eMedicine's patient education article Gastritis.
Miscellaneous
Medicolegal Pitfalls
- Early diagnosis is not made often.
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References
Andersen LP. Colonization and infection by Helicobacter pylori in humans. Helicobacter. Nov 2007;12 Suppl 2:12-5. [Medline].
Beers M, Berkow R, eds. Gastritis. In: The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy. 18th ed. 2006:Section 3, Chapter 23. [Full Text].
Feldman. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 7th ed. 2002:810-823.
Ford A, Delaney B, Forman D. Eradication therapy for peptic ulcer disease in Helicobacter pylori positive patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;CD003840.
Gelfand DW, Ott DJ, Chen MY. Radiologic evaluation of gastritis and duodenitis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Aug 1999;173(2):357-61. [Medline].
Gisbert JP, Pajares JM. Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection by stool antigen determination: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol. Oct 2001;96(10):2829-38. [Medline].
Haruma K. Helicobacter heilmannii: a spiral shaped organism other than Helicobacter pylori. Intern Med. Mar 1999;38(3):217-8. [Medline].
Iwakiri Y, Kabemura T, Yasuda D, et al. A case of acute phlegmonous gastritis successfully treated with antibiotics. J Clin Gastroenterol. Mar 1999;28(2):175-7. [Medline].
Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci A, et al. Gastritis. In: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine: Companion Handbook. 16th ed. McGraw-Hill: 2006:Part 12, Chapter 274.
Richieri JP, Pol B, Payan MJ. Acute necrotizing ischemic gastritis: clinical, endoscopic and histopathologic aspects. Gastrointest Endosc. Aug 1998;48(2):210-2. [Medline].
Soltermann A, Koetzer S, Eigenmann F, et al. Correlation of Helicobacter pylori virulence genotypes vacA and cagA with histological parameters of gastritis and patient's age. Mod Pathol. Aug 2007;20(8):878-83. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Srivastava A, Lauwers GY. Pathology of non-infective gastritis. Histopathology. Jan 2007;50(1):15-29. [Medline].
Suerbaum S, Michetti P. Helicobacter pylori infection. N Engl J Med. Oct 10 2002;347(15):1175-86. [Medline].
Yamamoto T, Matsumoto J, Shiota K, et al. Helicobacter heilmannii associated erosive gastritis. Intern Med. Mar 1999;38(3):240-3. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
acute gastritis, gastric mucosa inflammation, inflamed gastric mucosa, pangastritis, antral gastritis, erosive gastritis, nonerosive gastritis, non-erosive gastritis, Helicobacter pylori, H pylori, Candida albicans, C albicans, alcoholic gastritis, NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesic-induced gastritis, cytomegalovirus, fungal infection, histoplasmosis, stomach irritation, stomach ache, upset stomach
Follow-up: Gastritis, Acute