Multimedia
![]() | Media file 1: Postoperative ileus after an open cholecystectomy. |
![]() | Media file 2: Mechanical bowel obstruction due to a left colon carcinoma. Note the paucity of bowel gas throughout the colon. |
![]() | Media file 3: Contrast study showing the classic "apple-core lesion" of colon carcinoma. |
![]() | Media file 4: CT scan of abdomen revealing metastases to the liver in the same patient as in Media file 3. |
![]() | Media file 5: Ogilvie pseudo-obstruction in a septic elderly patient. Note the massive dilatation of the colon, especially the right colon and cecum. |
More on Ileus |
| Overview: Ileus |
| Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Ileus |
| Treatment & Medication: Ileus |
| Follow-up: Ileus |
Multimedia: Ileus |
| References |
| « Previous Page |
References
Livingston EH, Passaro EP Jr. Postoperative ileus. Dig Dis Sci. Jan 1990;35(1):121-32. [Medline].
Shibata Y, Toyoda S, Nimura Y, Miyati M. Patterns of intestinal motility recovery during the early stage following abdominal surgery: clinical and manometric study. World J Surg. Oct 1997;21(8):806-9; discussion 809-10. [Medline].
Holte K, Kehlet H. Postoperative ileus: a preventable event. Br J Surg. Nov 2000;87(11):1480-93. [Medline].
Resnick J, Greenwald DA, Brandt LJ. Delayed gastric emptying and postoperative ileus after nongastric abdominal surgery: part I. Am J Gastroenterol. May 1997;92(5):751-62. [Medline].
Resnick J, Greenwald DA, Brandt LJ. Delayed gastric emptying and postoperative ileus after nongastric abdominal surgery: part II. Am J Gastroenterol. Jun 1997;92(6):934-40. [Medline].
Kalff JC, Schraut WH, Simmons RL, Bauer AJ. Surgical manipulation of the gut elicits an intestinal muscularis inflammatory response resulting in postsurgical ileus. Ann Surg. Nov 1998;228(5):652-63. [Medline].
Espat NJ, Cheng G, Kelley MC, Vogel SB, Sninsky CA, Hocking MP. Vasoactive intestinal peptide and substance P receptor antagonists improve postoperative ileus. J Surg Res. Jun 1995;58(6):719-23. [Medline].
Kalff JC, Schraut WH, Billiar TR, Simmons RL, Bauer AJ. Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in postoperative intestinal smooth muscle dysfunction in rodents. Gastroenterology. Feb 2000;118(2):316-27. [Medline].
Cameron JL, ed. Current Surgical Therapy. 7th ed. Chicago: Mosby; 2001.
Tollesson PO, Cassuto J, Rimbäck G. Patterns of propulsive motility in the human colon after abdominal operations. Eur J Surg. Apr 1992;158(4):233-6. [Medline].
Loftus CG, Harewood GC, Baron TH. Assessment of predictors of response to neostigmine for acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. Am J Gastroenterol. Dec 2002;97(12):3118-22. [Medline].
Schwartz SI, ed. Principles of Surgery. 7th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 1999.
Cali RL, Meade PG, Swanson MS, Freeman C. Effect of Morphine and incision length on bowel function after colectomy. Dis Colon Rectum. Feb 2000;43(2):163-8. [Medline].
Ferraz AA, Cowles VE, Condon RE, Carilli S, Ezberci F, Frantzides CT, et al. Nonopioid analgesics shorten the duration of postoperative ileus. Am Surg. Dec 1995;61(12):1079-83. [Medline].
Asao T, Kuwano H, Nakamura J, Morinaga N, Hirayama I, Ide M. Gum chewing enhances early recovery from postoperative ileus after laparoscopic colectomy. J Am Coll Surg. Jul 2002;195(1):30-2. [Medline].
Milsom JW, Böhm B, Hammerhofer KA, Fazio V, Steiger E, Elson P. A prospective, randomized trial comparing laparoscopic versus conventional techniques in colorectal cancer surgery: a preliminary report. J Am Coll Surg. Jul 1998;187(1):46-54; discussion 54-5. [Medline].
Waldhausen JH, Schirmer BD. The effect of ambulation on recovery from postoperative ileus. Ann Surg. Dec 1990;212(6):671-7. [Medline].
Fanning J, Yu-Brekke S. Prospective trial of aggressive postoperative bowel stimulation following radical hysterectomy. Gynecol Oncol. Jun 1999;73(3):412-4. [Medline].
Liu SS, Carpenter RL, Mackey DC, Thirlby RC, Rupp SM, Shine TS, et al. Effects of perioperative analgesic technique on rate of recovery after colon surgery. Anesthesiology. Oct 1995;83(4):757-65. [Medline].
Mann C, Pouzeratte Y, Boccara G, Peccoux C, Vergne C, Brunat G, et al. Comparison of intravenous or epidural patient-controlled analgesia in the elderly after major abdominal surgery. Anesthesiology. Feb 2000;92(2):433-41. [Medline].
Maron DJ, Fry RD. New therapies in the treatment of postoperative ileus after gastrointestinal surgery. Am J Ther. Jan-Feb 2008;15(1):59-65. [Medline].
Yuan CS, Foss JF, Osinski J, Toledano A, Roizen MF, Moss J. The safety and efficacy of oral methylnaltrexone in preventing morphine-induced delay in oral-cecal transit time. Clin Pharmacol Ther. Apr 1997;61(4):467-75. [Medline].
Taguchi A, Sharma N, Saleem RM, Sessler DI, Carpenter RL, Seyedsadr M, et al. Selective postoperative inhibition of gastrointestinal opioid receptors. N Engl J Med. Sep 27 2001;345(13):935-40. [Medline].
[Best Evidence] Tan EK, Cornish J, Darzi AW, Tekkis PP. Meta-analysis: Alvimopan vs. placebo in the treatment of post-operative ileus. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. Jan 1 2007;25(1):47-57. [Medline].
Senagore AJ, Bauer JJ, Du W, Techner L. Alvimopan accelerates gastrointestinal recovery after bowel resection regardless of age, gender, race, or concomitant medication use. Surgery. Oct 2007;142(4):478-86. [Medline].
Bauer AJ, Boeckxstaens GE. Mechanisms of postoperative ileus. Neurogastroenterol Motil. Oct 2004;16 Suppl 2:54-60. [Medline].
Behm B, Stollman N. Postoperative ileus: etiologies and interventions. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. Mar 2003;1(2):71-80. [Medline].
Carter S. The surgical team and outcomes management: focus on postoperative ileus. J Perianesth Nurs. Apr 2006;21(2A Suppl):S2-6. [Medline].
Correia MI, da Silva RG. The impact of early nutrition on metabolic response and postoperative ileus. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. Sep 2004;7(5):577-83. [Medline].
Delaney CP. Clinical perspective on postoperative ileus and the effect of opiates. Neurogastroenterol Motil. Oct 2004;16 Suppl 2:61-6. [Medline].
Delaney CP, Senagore AJ, Viscusi ER, Wolff BG, Fort J, Du W, et al. Postoperative upper and lower gastrointestinal recovery and gastrointestinal morbidity in patients undergoing bowel resection: pooled analysis of placebo data from 3 randomized controlled trials. Am J Surg. Mar 2006;191(3):315-9. [Medline].
Jones MP, Wessinger S. Small intestinal motility. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. Mar 2006;22(2):111-6. [Medline].
Mattei P, Rombeau JL. Review of the pathophysiology and management of postoperative ileus. World J Surg. Aug 2006;30(8):1382-91. [Medline].
Miedema BW, Johnson JO. Methods for decreasing postoperative gut dysmotility. Lancet Oncol. Jun 2003;4(6):365-72. [Medline].
Moore BA, Albers KM, Davis BM, Grandis JR, Togel S, Bauer AJ. Altered inflammatory gene expression underlies increased susceptibility to murine postoperative ileus with advancing age. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. Jun 2007;292(6):G1650-9. [Medline].
[Best Evidence] Ng WQ, Neill J. Evidence for early oral feeding of patients after elective open colorectal surgery: a literature review. J Clin Nurs. Jun 2006;15(6):696-709. [Medline].
Nunley JC, FitzHarris GP. Postoperative ileus. Curr Surg. Jul-Aug 2004;61(4):341-5. [Medline].
Person B, Wexner SD. The management of postoperative ileus. Curr Probl Surg. Jan 2006;43(1):6-65. [Medline].
Saclarides TJ. Current choices--good or bad--for the proactive management of postoperative ileus: A surgeon's view. J Perianesth Nurs. Apr 2006;21(2A Suppl):S7-15. [Medline].
Saunders MD. Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. Apr 2007;17(2):341-60, vi-vii. [Medline].
[Best Evidence] Schuster R, Grewal N, Greaney GC, Waxman K. Gum chewing reduces ileus after elective open sigmoid colectomy. Arch Surg. Feb 2006;141(2):174-6. [Medline].
Sutton DH, Harrell SP, Wo JM. Diagnosis and management of adult patients with chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction. Nutr Clin Pract. Feb 2006;21(1):16-22. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
postoperative adynamic ileus, paralytic ileus, pseudo-obstruction, Ogilvie syndrome, mechanical bowel obstruction, postoperative adynamic ileus, paralytic ileus, pseudo-obstruction, Ogilvie syndrome, mechanical bowel obstruction, Ogilvie's syndrome, pseudoobstruction, surgical bowel complications, bowel dysfunction, dysmotility, postoperative bowel dysfunction










Multimedia: Ileus