Echocardiography 

  • Author: Ishak A Mansi, MD, FACP; Chief Editor: Richard A Lange, MD   more...
 
Updated: Jan 5, 2012
 
 
Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Ishak A Mansi, MD, FACP  Staff Internist, Brooke Army Medical Center; Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Ishak A Mansi, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology and American College of Physicians

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Ahmad M Slim, MD, FACP, FACC, MAJ, MC  Assistant Professor of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F Edward Hebert School of Medicine; Associate Director, Cardiovascular Research Department, Director, Coumadin Clinic, Director, Lipid Clinic, Director, Peripheral Arterial Disease Clinic, Director, Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Program, Director, Tobacco Cessation Program, Brooke Army Medical Center

Ahmad M Slim, MD, FACP, FACC, MAJ, MC is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Cardiology, American College of Physicians, American Heart Association, American Medical Association, and American Medical Student Association/Foundation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Richard A Lange, MD  Professor and Executive Vice Chairman, Department of Medicine, Director, Office of Educational Programs, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Richard A Lange, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, and Association of Subspecialty Professors

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

References

  1. Pearlman AS, Ryan T, Picard MH, Douglas PS. Evolving trends in the use of echocardiography: a study of Medicare beneficiaries. J Am Coll Cardiol. Jun 12 2007;49(23):2283-91. [Medline].

  2. Ryan T, Armstrong WF, Khandheria BK. Task force 4: training in echocardiography endorsed by the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. Jan 22 2008;51(3):361-7. [Medline].

  3. Burwash IG, Basmadjian A, Bewick D, Choy JB, Cujec B, Jassal DS, et al. 2010 Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian Society of Echocardiography Guidelines for Training and Maintenance of Competency in Adult Echocardiography. Can J Cardiol. Jul 26 2011;[Medline].

  4. Otto C. Textbook of clinical echocardiography. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 2000.

  5. Cheitlin MD, Armstrong WF, Aurigemma GP, Beller GA, Bierman FZ, Davis JL. ACC/AHA/ASE 2003 Guideline Update for the Clinical Application of Echocardiography: summary article. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (ACC/AHA/ASE Committee to Update the 1997 Guidelines for the Clinical Application of Echocardiography). J Am Soc Echocardiogr. Oct 2003;16(10):1091-110. [Medline].

  6. Douglas PS, Garcia MJ, Haines DE, Lai WW, Manning WJ, Patel AR, et al. ACCF/ASE/AHA/ASNC/HFSA/HRS/SCAI/SCCM/SCCT/SCMR 2011 Appropriate Use Criteria for Echocardiography. A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, American Society of Echocardiography, American Heart Association, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Heart Failure Society of America, Heart Rhythm Society, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Critical Care Medicine, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, and Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Endorsed by the American College of Chest Physicians. J Am Coll Cardiol. Mar 1 2011;57(9):1126-66. [Medline].

  7. Nash P, Lin S, Armstrong G. Transthoracic echocardiography. In: Griffin B, Topol EJ. Manual of cardiovascular medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2004:780-815.

  8. Feigenbaum H. Echocardiography. In: Braunwald E. Heart Disease: a Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1997:53-97.

  9. Pellerin D, Sharma R, Elliott P, Veyrat C. Tissue Doppler, strain, and strain rate echocardiography for the assessment of left and right systolic ventricular function. Heart. Nov 2003;89 Suppl 3:iii9-17. [Medline].

  10. Marwick TH. Measurement of strain and strain rate by echocardiography: ready for prime time?. J Am Coll Cardiol. Apr 4 2006;47(7):1313-27. [Medline].

  11. Kirkpatrick JN, Vannan MA, Narula J, Lang RM. Echocardiography in heart failure: applications, utility, and new horizons. J Am Coll Cardiol. Jul 31 2007;50(5):381-96. [Medline].

  12. Weyman AE. The year in echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. Apr 28 2009;53(17):1558-67. [Medline].

  13. Thomas JD, Adams DB, Devries S, Ehler D, Greenberg N, Garcia M, et al. Guidelines and recommendations for digital echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. Mar 2005;18(3):287-97. [Medline].

  14. Thomas JD. The DICOM Image Formatting Standard: what it means for echocardiographers. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. May-Jun 1995;8(3):319-27. [Medline].

  15. Mulvagh SL, Rakowski H, Vannan MA, Abdelmoneim SS, Becher H, Bierig SM. American Society of Echocardiography Consensus Statement on the Clinical Applications of Ultrasonic Contrast Agents in Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. Nov 2008;21(11):1179-201; quiz 1281. [Medline].

 
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M-mode image across aortic valve as well as left atrium plotted against time.
Color Doppler image across mitral valve shows evidence of mitral regurgitation; color Doppler scale shown on left indicates Nyquist limit.
Spectral Doppler image of mitral valve inflow.
2-D apical 4-chamber image.
 
 
 
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