eMedicine Specialties > Infectious Diseases > Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Chancroid: Follow-up
Updated: May 15, 2009
Follow-up
Inpatient & Outpatient Medications
- See Medication.
Deterrence/Prevention
- Advise patients to always use condoms and to refrain from sexual activity with high-risk partners.
Complications
- Rupture of buboes, with subsequent scarring and/or chronic sinus tract drainage
- Phimosis and balanoposthitis
Prognosis
- With appropriate antibiotics, prognosis is excellent for complete disease resolution.
- Patients with HIV may require longer courses of antibiotics and have a protracted recovery phase.
Patient Education
- Emphasize avoidance of high-risk sexual activities, including unprotected sexual intercourse or sexual intercourse with high-risk partners.
- For excellent patient education resources, visit eMedicine's Sexually Transmitted Diseases Center and Pregnancy and Reproduction Center. Also, see eMedicine's patient education articles Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Birth Control Overview, and Birth Control FAQs.
Miscellaneous
Medicolegal Pitfalls
- Failure to consider diagnosis
- Failure to check for syphilis, HIV, and HSV
- Failure to instruct the patient in safe sex techniques and partner testing
More on Chancroid |
| Overview: Chancroid |
| Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Chancroid |
| Treatment & Medication: Chancroid |
Follow-up: Chancroid |
| Multimedia: Chancroid |
| References |
| Further Reading |
| « Previous Page | Next Page » |
References
Janowicz DM, Ofner S, Katz BP, Spinola SM. Experimental Infection of Human Volunteers with Haemophilus ducreyi: Fifteen Years of Clinical Data and Experience. J Infect Dis. Jun 1 2009;199(11):1671-9. [Medline].
Mohammed TT, Olumide YM. Chancroid and human immunodeficiency virus infection--a review. Int J Dermatol. Jan 2008;47(1):1-8. [Medline].
Bauer ME, Townsend CA, Doster RS, Fortney KR, Zwickl BW, Katz BP, et al. A fibrinogen-binding lipoprotein contributes to the virulence of Haemophilus ducreyi in humans. J Infect Dis. Mar 1 2009;199(5):684-92. [Medline].
Leduc I, Banks KE, Fortney KR, Patterson KB, Billings SD, Katz BP, et al. Evaluation of the repertoire of the TonB-dependent receptors of Haemophilus ducreyi for their role in virulence in humans. J Infect Dis. Apr 15 2008;197(8):1103-9. [Medline].
Banks KE, Fortney KR, Baker B, Billings SD, Katz BP, Munson RS Jr, et al. The enterobacterial common antigen-like gene cluster of Haemophilus ducreyi contributes to virulence in humans. J Infect Dis. Jun 1 2008;197(11):1531-6. [Medline].
Benson PA, Hergenroeder AC. Bacterial sexually transmitted infections in gay, lesbian, and bisexual adolescents: medical and public health perspectives. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. Jul 2005;16(3):181-91. [Medline].
Alfa M. The laboratory diagnosis of Haemophilus ducreyi. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. Jan 2005;16(1):31-4. [Medline].
Rosen T, Vandergriff T, Harting M. Antibiotic use in sexually transmissible diseases. Dermatol Clin. Jan 2009;27(1):49-61. [Medline].
Brown TJ, Yen-Moore A, Tyring SK. An overview of sexually transmitted diseases. Part I. J Am Acad Dermatol. Oct 1999;41(4):511-32. [Medline].
Czelusta A, Yen-Moore A, Van der Straten M. An overview of sexually transmitted diseases. Part III. Sexually transmitted diseases in HIV-infected patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. Sep 2000;43(3):409-32; quiz 433-6. [Medline].
Hand WL. Haemophilus species including chancroid. In: Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Philadelphia, Pa:. Churchill Livingstone;2000:2380-2381.
Lundqvist A, Kubler-Kielb J, Teneberg S, Ahlman K, Lagergård T. Immunogenic and adjuvant properties of Haemophilus ducreyi lipooligosaccharides. Microbes Infect. Mar 2009;11(3):352-60. [Medline].
Rosen T, Brown TJ. Genital ulcers. Evaluation and treatment. Dermatol Clin. Oct 1998;16(4):673-85, x. [Medline].
Schmid GP. Chancroid and granuloma inguinale. In: Kelley W, ed. Textbook of internal medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa:. Lippincott-Raven;1997:1670-1671.
Tomecki. Chancroid and Haemophilus ducreyi: an update. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997;36(5):776.
Wang CC, Celum CL. Global risk of sexually transmitted diseases. Med Clin North Am. Jul 1999;83(4):975-95, vi. [Medline].
Zuckerman JM. Macrolides and ketolides: azithromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2004;18:621-649. [Medline].
Further Reading
Clinical guidelines
Diseases characterized by genital ulcers. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines 2006.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Federal Government Agency [U.S.]. 1993 (revised 2006 Aug 4). 17 pages. NGC:005184
Chancroid. In: Sexually transmitted infections: UK national screening and testing guidelines.
British Association for Sexual Health and HIV - Medical Specialty Society. 2006 Aug. 5 pages. NGC:006398
Clinical prevention guidance. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines 2006.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Federal Government Agency [U.S.]. 1993 (revised 2006 Aug 4). 5 pages. NGC:005181
Clinical trials
Lay Health Advisors for Sexually Transmitted Disease Prevention
Related eMedicine topics
Chancroid (Dermatology)
Chancroid (Emergency Medicine)
Keywords
sexually transmitted diseases, STD, genital ulcers, inguinal lymphadenopathy, Haemophilus ducreyi, H ducreyi, phagedenic chancroid, suppurative bubo, transient chancroid, dwarf chancroid, follicular chancroid, giant chancroid, pseudogranuloma inguinale
Follow-up: Chancroid