eMedicine Specialties > Infectious Diseases > Mycobacterial Infections
Mycobacterium gordonae: Differential Diagnoses & Workup
Updated: Nov 13, 2009
- Overview
- Differential Diagnoses & Workup
- Treatment & Medication
- Follow-up
Differential Diagnoses
| Mycobacterium Avium-Intracellulare | Mycobacterium Xenopi |
| Mycobacterium Fortuitum | Tuberculosis |
| Mycobacterium Haemophilum | |
| Mycobacterium Kansasii | |
| Mycobacterium Marinum |
Other Problems to Be Considered
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Nontuberculous mycobacteria infection
Pseudo-outbreak
Colonization
Saprophyte
Contaminant
Workup
Laboratory Studies
- Documentation of M gordonae disease
- Microbiologic characteristics
- Smear-positive specimens for acid-fast bacilli
- Isolation of organism in large numbers, quantified as growth per culture in colony-forming units (ie, >100)
- Repeated isolation of M gordonae (ie, more than twice)
- Detection of specific biochemical characteristics (to prove identity)
- Consideration of confirmation from a reference laboratory
- Isolation of M gordonae from a sterile source
- Positive result from tissue culture
- Histopathologic changes characteristic of M gordonae infection
- Repeat mycobacterial cultures of sputum, blood, bone marrow, and urine (if disease is suspected)
- Blood cultures to determine presence of mycobacterial organisms
Imaging Studies
- Obtain a chest radiograph in patients with respiratory symptoms.
- Use CT scanning of the lungs, abdomen, or both to evaluate for possible dissemination.
- Consider performing abdominal ultrasonography.
Procedures
- Fiberoptic bronchoscopy helps evaluate for infiltrates.
- Consider obtaining biopsy specimens (eg, from bone marrow) to help diagnose possible dissemination.
Histologic Findings
Acid-fast stains are positive for M gordonae, and/or granulomas are present.
More on Mycobacterium gordonae |
| Overview: Mycobacterium gordonae |
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Mycobacterium gordonae |
| Treatment & Medication: Mycobacterium gordonae |
| Follow-up: Mycobacterium gordonae |
| References |
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References
Lalande V, Barbut F, Varnerot A, Febvre M, Nesa D, Wadel S, et al. Pseudo-outbreak of Mycobacterium gordonae associated with water from refrigerated fountains. J Hosp Infect. May 2001;48(1):76-9. [Medline].
American Thoracic Society. Diagnosis and treatment of disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. This official statement of the American Thoracic Society was approved by the Board of Directors, March 1997. Medical Section of the American Lung Association. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. Aug 1997;156(2 Pt 2):S1-25. [Medline].
Jun HJ, Jeon K, Um SW, Kwon OJ, Lee NY, Koh WJ. Nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated during the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Respir Med. Dec 2009;103(12):1936-40. [Medline].
Konishi M, Uno K, Kasahara K, Mori K, Yoshimoto E, Maeda K, et al. [A case of pulmonary Mycobacterium gordonae infection progressed for no therapy]. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi. May 2007;45(5):436-40. [Medline].
Lessnau KD, Milanese S, Talavera W. Mycobacterium gordonae: a treatable disease in HIV-positive patients. Chest. Dec 1993;104(6):1779-85. [Medline].
Sneath PH, Mair NS, Sharpe ME, eds. The Mycobacteria. Genus Mycobacterium. In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol 2. 2nd ed. Baltimore, Md: Williams & Wilkins; 1986:1447.
Sánchez-Morgado JM, Gallagher A, Johnson LK. Mycobacterium gordonae infection in a colony of African clawed frogs (Xenopus tropicalis). Lab Anim. Jul 2009;43(3):300-3. [Medline].
Umeda Y, Matsuno Y, Imaizumi M, Mori Y, Iwata H, Takiya H. Extralobar pulmonary sequestration infected with Mycobacterium gordonae. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. Jan 2009;137(1):e23-4. [Medline].
Weinberger M, Berg SL, Feuerstein IM, Pizzo PA, Witebsky FG. Disseminated infection with Mycobacterium gordonae: report of a case and critical review of the literature. Clin Infect Dis. Jun 1992;14(6):1229-39. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
tap water bacillus, tap water isolate, tap water bacteremia, nontuberculous mycobacteria, mycobacteria, non-tuberculous mycobacteria
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Mycobacterium gordonae