eMedicine Specialties > Infectious Diseases > Viral Infections

Vaccinia: Multimedia

Author: Tasneem A Poonawalla, MD, Staff Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
Coauthor(s): Dayna Diven, MD, Clinical Professor, Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston; Howard L Kaufman, MD, Chief, Division of Surgical Oncology, Columbia University; Ken Flanagan, BS, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Aug 24, 2006

Multimedia

This typical pustular lesion following vaccinia i...Media file 1: This typical pustular lesion following vaccinia immunization usually appears within 5 days of vaccination and forms a scab by 10-14 days. Vaccination usually leaves a permanent indentation.
This typical pustular lesion following vaccinia i...

This typical pustular lesion following vaccinia immunization usually appears within 5 days of vaccination and forms a scab by 10-14 days. Vaccination usually leaves a permanent indentation.

Bioterrorist Agents. Signs and symptoms. Chart co...Media file 2: Bioterrorist Agents. Signs and symptoms. Chart courtesy of North Carolina Statewide Program for Infection Control and Epidemiology (SPICE), copyright University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, www.unc.edu/depts/spice/bioterrorism.html.
Bioterrorist Agents. Signs and symptoms. Chart co...

Bioterrorist Agents. Signs and symptoms. Chart courtesy of North Carolina Statewide Program for Infection Control and Epidemiology (SPICE), copyright University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, www.unc.edu/depts/spice/bioterrorism.html.

More on Vaccinia

Overview: Vaccinia
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Vaccinia
Treatment & Medication: Vaccinia
Follow-up: Vaccinia
Multimedia: Vaccinia
References

References

  1. Breman JG, Henderson DA. Diagnosis and management of smallpox. N Engl J Med. Apr 25 2002;346(17):1300-8. [Medline].

  2. Buller RM, Palumbo GJ. Poxvirus pathogenesis. Microbiol Rev. Mar 1991;55(1):80-122. [Medline].

  3. Carroll MW, Moss B. Poxviruses as expression vectors. Curr Opin Biotechnol. Oct 1997;8(5):573-7. [Medline].

  4. Casey CG, Iskander JK, Roper MH, et al. Adverse events associated with smallpox vaccination in the United States, January-October 2003. JAMA. Dec 7 2005;294(21):2734-43.

  5. Damon I. Orthopoxviruses: Vaccinia (Smallpox Vaccine), Variola (Smallpox), Monkeypox, and Cowpox. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 6th ed. Orlando, FL:. Churchill Livingstone;2005:1742-1755.

  6. Friedman HM. Smallpox, Vaccinia, and Other Poxviruses. In: Isselbacher, et al, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 13th ed. New York, NY:. McGraw-Hill;1994:798-799.

  7. Grabenstein JD, Winkenwerder W. US military smallpox vaccination program experience. JAMA. Jun 25 2003;289(24):3278-82.

  8. Haga IR, Bowie AG. Evasion of innate immunity by vaccinia virus. Parasitology. 2005;130 Suppl:S11-25.

  9. Harrop R, Ryan MG, Golding H, et al. Monitoring of human immunological responses to vaccinia virus. Methods Mol Biol. 2004;269:243-66.

  10. Hopkins RJ, Lane JM. Clinical efficacy of intramuscular vaccinia immune globulin: a literature review. Clin Infect Dis. Sep 15 2004;39(6):819-26. [Medline].

  11. Lane HC, Fauci AS. Microbial bioterrorism In: Kasper, et al, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 16th ed. New York, NY:. McGraw-Hill;2005.

  12. Lane JM, Millar JD. Risks of smallpox vaccination complications in the United States. Am J Epidemiol. Apr 1971;93(4):238-40. [Medline].

  13. Lewis FS, Norton SA, Bradshaw RD, et al. Analysis of cases reported as generalized vaccinia during the US military smallpox vaccination program, December 2002 to December 2004. J Am Acad Dermatol. Jul 2006;55(1):23-31.

  14. Moss B. Vaccinia virus: a tool for research and vaccine development. Science. Jun 21 1991;252(5013):1662-7. [Medline].

  15. Moss B. Genetically engineered poxviruses for recombinant gene expression, vaccination, and safety. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Oct 15 1996;93(21):11341-8. [Medline].

  16. Moss B. Poxvirus entry and membrane fusion. Virology. Jan 5 2006;344(1):48-54.

  17. Neff JM. Vaccinia Virus (Cowpox). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa:. Churchill Livingstone;2000:1553-1555.

  18. Paoletti E. Applications of pox virus vectors to vaccination: an update. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Oct 15 1996;93(21):11349-53. [Medline].

  19. Redfield RR, Wright DC, James WD. Disseminated vaccinia in a military recruit with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. N Engl J Med. Mar 12 1987;316(11):673-6. [Medline].

  20. Savona MR, Dela Cruz WP, Jones MS, et al. Detection of vaccinia DNA in the blood following smallpox vaccination. JAMA. Apr 26 2006;295(16):1898-900.

  21. Sejvar JJ, Labutta RJ, Chapman LE, et al. Neurologic adverse events associated with smallpox vaccination in the United States, 2002-2004. JAMA. Dec 7 2005;294(21):2744-50.

  22. Sepkowitz KA. How contagious is vaccinia?. N Engl J Med. Jan 30 2003;348(5):439-46.

  23. Stark JH, Frey SE, Blum PS, Monath TP. Lack of transmission of vaccinia virus. Emerg Infect Dis. Apr 2006;12(4):698-700.

Further Reading

Keywords

vaccinia, vaccinia virus, smallpox, variola, cowpox, poxviruses, Poxviridae, vaccinia necrosum, eczema vaccinatum, vaccinia immune globulin, VIG, orthopoxvirus

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Tasneem A Poonawalla, MD, Staff Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
Tasneem A Poonawalla, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, and Texas Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Dayna Diven, MD, Clinical Professor, Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
Dayna Diven, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Academy of Dermatology, American Medical Association, Idaho Medical Association, and Phi Beta Kappa
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Howard L Kaufman, MD, Chief, Division of Surgical Oncology, Columbia University
Howard L Kaufman, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Association for Academic Surgery, Illinois State Medical Society, Massachusetts Medical Society, New York Academy of Sciences, and Society of Surgical Oncology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Ken Flanagan, BS, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Ken Flanagan, BS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Brenda Jones, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Southern California School of Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Managing Editor

Richard B Brown, MD, FACP, Chief, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baystate Medical Center; Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine
Richard B Brown, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Physicians, American Medical Association, American Society for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and Massachusetts Medical Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD, Clinical and Research Fellow, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital
Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American College of Physicians, American Society for Microbiology, and Infectious Diseases Society of America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Burke A Cunha, MD, Professor of Medicine, State University of New York School of Medicine at Stony Brook; Chief, Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital
Burke A Cunha, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Physicians, and Infectious Diseases Society of America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
HONcode

We subscribe to the
HONcode principles of the
Health On the Net Foundation

All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright© 1994- by Medscape.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

DISCLAIMER: The content of this Website is not influenced by sponsors. The site is designed primarily for use by qualified physicians and other medical professionals. The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only. In no way should it be considered as offering medical advice. Please check with a physician if you suspect you are ill.