Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Treatment & Management

  • Author: Burke A Cunha, MD; Chief Editor: Michael Stuart Bronze, MD   more...
 
Updated: Jun 21, 2011
 

Medical Care

  • Approximately 25% of patients develop severe cardiopulmonary symptoms; such patients require hospitalization and often require intubation and mechanical ventilation.
  • Currently, treatment is primarily supportive in nature. The attending physician must pay careful attention to acid-base disturbances and fluid balance.
  • The nucleoside analogue ribavirin has been shown to be effective in hemorrhagic fever with renal failure syndrome (HFRS) caused by the Hantaan virus. One trial of the use of ribavirin in treating Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) showed little effect. This may have been because of the rapidity of death in the most acutely ill patients. Further controlled trials are being conducted.
  • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has been employed successfully in several patients.[5]
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Consultations

  • Obtain a consultation with an infectious diseases specialist for every patient considered to have HPS or a zoonotic infectious disease.
  • Obtain a consultation with a pulmonary and critical care specialist for severely ill patients with HPS who require intubation, mechanical ventilation, or both.
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Activity

  • Recovery is promoted by the restriction of physical activity.
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Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Burke A Cunha, MD  Professor of Medicine, State University of New York School of Medicine at Stony Brook; Chief, Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital

Burke A Cunha, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Physicians, and Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Kenneth C Earhart, MD  Deputy Head, Disease Surveillance Program, United States Naval Medical Research Unit #3

Kenneth C Earhart, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD  Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

John L Brusch, MD, FACP  Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Consulting Staff, Department of Medicine and Infectious Disease Service, Cambridge Health Alliance

John L Brusch, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians and Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD  Clinical and Research Fellow, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital

Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American College of Physicians, American Society for Microbiology, and Infectious Diseases Society of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD  Professor, Stewart G Wolf Chair in Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center

Michael Stuart Bronze, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physician Executives, American College of Physicians, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, American Federation for Clinical Research, American Medical Association, American Society for Microbiology, Association of Professors of Medicine, Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Oklahoma State Medical Association, and Southern Society for Clinical Investigation

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

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