eMedicine Specialties > Infectious Diseases > Viral Infections

Smallpox: Multimedia

Author: Aneela Naureen Hussain, MD, FAAFM, Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center; Consulting Staff, Department of Family Medicine, University Hospital of Brooklyn
Coauthor(s): Fazal Hussain, MD, MBBS, Director, Clinical Research, King Faisal Cancer Centre; Maqsood Alam, MD, Fellow, Department of Infectious Diseases, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center; Dennis J Cleri, MD, FACP, FAAM, FIDSA, Chairman, Graduate Medical Education Committee, Professor of Medicine, Associate Professor of Infection Disease, Seton Hall University; Director, Internal Medicine Residency Program, St Francis Medical Center
Contributor Information and Disclosures

Updated: Oct 20, 2008

Multimedia

Smallpox virion. Courtesy of US Centers for Disea...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 1: Smallpox virion. Courtesy of US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Smallpox virion. Courtesy of US Centers for Disea...

Smallpox virion. Courtesy of US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

After exposure to the smallpox virus, a symptom-f...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 2: After exposure to the smallpox virus, a symptom-free incubation period follows. It normally lasts 10-12 days but may vary from 7-17 days. Smallpox begins with fever, headache, and severe backache. A rash appears after 2-4 days and progresses through characteristic stages of papules, vesicles, pustules, and, finally, scabs. The scabs desquamate at the end of the third or fourth week. Courtesy of the World Health Organization.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
After exposure to the smallpox virus, a symptom-f...

After exposure to the smallpox virus, a symptom-free incubation period follows. It normally lasts 10-12 days but may vary from 7-17 days. Smallpox begins with fever, headache, and severe backache. A rash appears after 2-4 days and progresses through characteristic stages of papules, vesicles, pustules, and, finally, scabs. The scabs desquamate at the end of the third or fourth week. Courtesy of the World Health Organization.

Smallpox rash at days 3, 5, and 7 of evolution. L...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 3: Smallpox rash at days 3, 5, and 7 of evolution. Lesions are denser on the face and extremities than on the trunk. They also appear on the palms of the hand and have a similar appearance. Courtesy of the World Health Organization.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Smallpox rash at days 3, 5, and 7 of evolution. L...

Smallpox rash at days 3, 5, and 7 of evolution. Lesions are denser on the face and extremities than on the trunk. They also appear on the palms of the hand and have a similar appearance. Courtesy of the World Health Organization.

Flat-type smallpox on day 6 of the rash. Courtesy...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 4: Flat-type smallpox on day 6 of the rash. Courtesy of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Flat-type smallpox on day 6 of the rash. Courtesy...

Flat-type smallpox on day 6 of the rash. Courtesy of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

This patient with smallpox survived toxemia to su...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 5: This patient with smallpox survived toxemia to succumb to secondary tissue damage days after this photo was taken. Courtesy of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
This patient with smallpox survived toxemia to su...

This patient with smallpox survived toxemia to succumb to secondary tissue damage days after this photo was taken. Courtesy of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Smallpox vaccination with bifurcated needle. Reco...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 6: Smallpox vaccination with bifurcated needle. Reconstituted vaccine is held between the prongs of the needle and injected subcutaneously by multiple punctures; 15 rapid strokes, at right angles to the skin over the deltoid muscle, are made within a 5-mm area. Courtesy of the World Health Organization.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Smallpox vaccination with bifurcated needle. Reco...

Smallpox vaccination with bifurcated needle. Reconstituted vaccine is held between the prongs of the needle and injected subcutaneously by multiple punctures; 15 rapid strokes, at right angles to the skin over the deltoid muscle, are made within a 5-mm area. Courtesy of the World Health Organization.

Smallpox vaccination. Evolving primary vaccinatio...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 7: Smallpox vaccination. Evolving primary vaccination appearance. Courtesy of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Smallpox vaccination. Evolving primary vaccinatio...

Smallpox vaccination. Evolving primary vaccination appearance. Courtesy of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Typical temperature chart of a patient with small...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 8: Typical temperature chart of a patient with smallpox infection (from Henderson, 1999).
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Typical temperature chart of a patient with small...

Typical temperature chart of a patient with smallpox infection (from Henderson, 1999).

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Poc...
(View PDF)
Media file 9: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Pocket Reference Guide for smallpox vaccine adverse events. Available at: http://www.bt.cdc.gov/training/smallpoxvaccine/reactions/SmallpoxVaccinationGuide.pdf. Courtesy of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Poc...

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Pocket Reference Guide for smallpox vaccine adverse events. Available at: http://www.bt.cdc.gov/training/smallpoxvaccine/reactions/SmallpoxVaccinationGuide.pdf. Courtesy of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Characteristic skin lesion of variola viral infec...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 10: Characteristic skin lesion of variola viral infection on the arms and the legs of an adolescent. Photo used with the permission of the World Health Organization (WHO).
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Characteristic skin lesion of variola viral infec...

Characteristic skin lesion of variola viral infection on the arms and the legs of an adolescent. Photo used with the permission of the World Health Organization (WHO).

Small child with pustular lesions due to variola ...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 11: Small child with pustular lesions due to variola viral infection. Photo used with the permission of the World Health Organization (WHO).
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Small child with pustular lesions due to variola ...

Small child with pustular lesions due to variola viral infection. Photo used with the permission of the World Health Organization (WHO).

Infant with advanced lesions due to variola viral...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 12: Infant with advanced lesions due to variola viral infection. Photo used with the permission of the World Health Organization (WHO).
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Infant with advanced lesions due to variola viral...

Infant with advanced lesions due to variola viral infection. Photo used with the permission of the World Health Organization (WHO).

Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 13: Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the variola major strain of smallpox has centrifugally distributed umbilicated pustules on day 3 in the course of the disease. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the...

Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the variola major strain of smallpox has centrifugally distributed umbilicated pustules on day 3 in the course of the disease. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).

Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 14: Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the variola major strain of smallpox has centrifugally distributed umbilicated pustules on day 5 in the course of the disease. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the...

Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the variola major strain of smallpox has centrifugally distributed umbilicated pustules on day 5 in the course of the disease. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).

Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 15: Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the variola major strain of smallpox has centrifugally distributed umbilicated pustules on day 7 in the course of the disease. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the...

Unvaccinated infant with the ordinary form of the variola major strain of smallpox has centrifugally distributed umbilicated pustules on day 7 in the course of the disease. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).

The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of ...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 16: The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of smallpox (alastrim) in an unvaccinated woman 12 days after the onset of skin lesions. The facial lesions are sparser and evolved more rapidly than the extremity lesions. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of ...

The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of smallpox (alastrim) in an unvaccinated woman 12 days after the onset of skin lesions. The facial lesions are sparser and evolved more rapidly than the extremity lesions. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).

The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of ...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 17: The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of smallpox (alastrim) in an unvaccinated woman 12 days after the onset of skin lesions. The facial lesions are sparser and evolved more rapidly than the extremity lesions. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of ...

The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of smallpox (alastrim) in an unvaccinated woman 12 days after the onset of skin lesions. The facial lesions are sparser and evolved more rapidly than the extremity lesions. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).

The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of ...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 18: The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of smallpox (alastrim) in an unvaccinated woman 12 days after the onset of skin lesions. The facial lesions are sparser and evolved more rapidly than the extremity lesions. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of ...

The ordinary form of the variola minor strain of smallpox (alastrim) in an unvaccinated woman 12 days after the onset of skin lesions. The facial lesions are sparser and evolved more rapidly than the extremity lesions. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO).

Adult with variola major with hundreds of pustula...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 19: Adult with variola major with hundreds of pustular lesions centrifugally distributed. Photo from Fitzsimmons Army Medical Center slide file.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Adult with variola major with hundreds of pustula...

Adult with variola major with hundreds of pustular lesions centrifugally distributed. Photo from Fitzsimmons Army Medical Center slide file.

Hemorrhagic-type variola major lesions. Death usu...
(Enlarge Image)
Media file 20: Hemorrhagic-type variola major lesions. Death usually ensued before typical pustules developed. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO). 1988; 10-14, 35-36.
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]
Hemorrhagic-type variola major lesions. Death usu...

Hemorrhagic-type variola major lesions. Death usually ensued before typical pustules developed. Reprinted with permission from the World Health Organization (WHO). 1988; 10-14, 35-36.

More on Smallpox

Overview: Smallpox
Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Smallpox
Treatment & Medication: Smallpox
Follow-up: Smallpox
Multimedia: Smallpox
References
[ CLOSE WINDOW ]

References

  1. Espy MJ, Cockerill III FR, Meyer RF, et al. Detection of smallpox virus DNA by LightCycler PCR. J Clin Microbiol. Jun 2002;40(6):1985-8. [Medline].

  2. Ropp SL, Jin Q, Knight JC, et al. PCR strategy for identification and differentiation of small pox and other orthopoxviruses. J Clin Microbiol. Aug 1995;33(8):2069-76. [Medline].

  3. Bray M, Martinez M, Smee DF, et al. Cidofovir protects mice against lethal aerosol or intranasal cowpox virus challenge. J Infect Dis. Jan 2000;181(1):10-9. [Medline].

  4. De Clercq E. Cidofovir in the treatment of poxvirus infections. Antiviral Res. Jul 2002;55(1):1-13. [Medline].

  5. Smee DF, Bailey KW, Sidwell RW. Treatment of lethal vaccinia virus respiratory infections in mice with cidofovir. Antivir Chem Chemother. Jan 2001;12(1):71-6. [Medline].

  6. Smee DF, Bailey KW, Wong MH, et al. Effects of cidofovir on the pathogenesis of a lethal vaccinia virus respiratory infection in mice. Antiviral Res. Oct 2001;52(1):55-62. [Medline].

  7. Alibek K, Handelman S. Biohazard. In: The Chilling True Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World - Told from Inside by the Man Who Ran It. New York, NY: Random House; 1999.

  8. ARF BM, Moyer RW. Entomopoxvirus B. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:914-8.

  9. Aylward B, Hennessey KA, Zagaria N, Olivé JM, Cochi S. When is a disease eradicable? 100 years of lessons learned. Am J Public Health. Oct 2000;90(10):1515-20. [Medline].

  10. Bergoin M. Entomopoxvirus A. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:911-3.

  11. Brauner SC, Pavan-Langston D. Smallpox, vaccinia, and the eye. Int Ophthalmol Clin. Spring 2006;46(2):11-25. [Medline].

  12. Breman JG, Arita I, Fenner F. Preventing the return of smallpox. N Engl J Med. Jan 30 2003;348(5):463-6. [Medline].

  13. Breman JG, Henderson DA. Diagnosis and management of smallpox. N Engl J Med. Apr 25 2002;346(17):1300-8. [Medline].

  14. Bugert JJ, Melquiot N. Molluscipoxvirus. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:880-4.

  15. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Emergency Preparedness and Response. Smallpox. Available at: http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/index.asp. Atlanta, Ga: Centers for Disease Control and Prevenion; 2004:[Full Text].

  16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2002). Smallpox vaccine overview. Available at: http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/vaccination/facts.asp. [Full Text].

  17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Immunization Program. Smallpox: What Every Clinician Should Know [video online]. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nip/ed/smallpox-trg/clinician-should-know/default.htm. Atlanta, Ga: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;. Apr 2003;[Full Text].

  18. Cleri DJ, Porwancher RB, Ricketti AJ, et al. Smallpox as a bioterrorist weapon: myth or menace?. Infect Dis Clin North Am. Jun 2006;20(2):329-57, ix. [Medline].

  19. Cleri DJ, Ricketti AJ, Villota FJ, et al. Smallpox, monkeypox, other pox diseases and vaccination. Infect Dis Pract Clin. 2005;29:396-406.

  20. Cleri DJ, Villota FJ, Porwancher RB. Smallpox, bioterrorism, and the neurologist. Arch Neurol. Apr 2003;60(4):489-94. [Medline].

  21. Department of Defense. MILVAX. Department of Defense Smallpox Vaccination Program. Available at: http://smallpox.mil/. Arlington, Va: Department of Defense; 2004. [Full Text].

  22. Eichner M. Case isolation and contact tracing can prevent the spread of smallpox. Am J Epidemiol. Jul 15 2003;158(2):118-28. [Medline].

  23. Essani K, Bejcek BE, Paulose M. Yatapoxvirus. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:907-10.

  24. Federici BA. Entomopoxvirus C. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:919-21.

  25. Fenner F, Henderson DA, Arita I, et al. Smallpox and Its Eradication. In: Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response. Available at: http://www.who.int/emc/diseases/smallpox/Smallpoxeradication.html. Geneva, Switzerland: on: World Health Organizati; 1988:1460. [Full Text].

  26. Frey SE, Newman FK, Cruz J, et al. Dose-related effects of smallpox vaccine. N Engl J Med. Apr 25 2002;346(17):1275-80. [Medline].

  27. Greenberg RN, Kennedy JS. ACAM2000: a newly licensed cell culture-based live vaccinia smallpox vaccine. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. Apr 2008;17(4):555-64. [Medline].

  28. Greenberg RN, Kennedy JS. ACAM2000: a newly licensed cell culture-based live vaccinia smallpox vaccine. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. Apr 2008;17(4):555-64. [Medline].

  29. Gross CP, Sepkowitz KA. The myth of the medical breakthrough: smallpox, vaccination, and Jenner reconsidered. Int J Infect Dis. Jul-Sep 1998;3(1):54-60. [Medline].

  30. Henderson DA. The looming threat of bioterrorism. Science. Feb 26 1999;283(5406):1279-82. [Medline].

  31. Henderson DA, Inglesby TV, Bartlett JG, et al. Smallpox as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. Working Group on Civilian Biodefense. JAMA. Jun 9 1999;281(22):2127-37. [Medline].

  32. Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP). Vaccinia (smallpox) vaccine. Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. Dec 13 1991;40:1-10. [Medline].

  33. Inglesby TV, Henderson DA, Bartlett JG, et al. Anthrax as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. Working Group on Civilian Biodefense. JAMA. May 12 1999;281(18):1735-45. [Medline].

  34. Johnson RT. Postinfectious demyelinated diseases. In: Viral Infection of the Nervous System. Williams & Wilkins; 1981:765-73.

  35. Kerr PJ, McFadden G. Leporipoxvirus. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:873-9.

  36. Kitching RP. Capripoxvirus. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:869-72.

  37. Kman NE, Nelson RN. Infectious agents of bioterrorism: a review for emergency physicians. Emerg Med Clin North Am. May 2008;26(2):517-47, x-xi. [Medline].

  38. Lawler JV, Burgess TH. Smallpox. In: Roy MJ, ed. Physician's Guide To Terrorist Attack. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2003:197-220.

  39. LeDuc JW, Jahrling PB. Strengthening national preparedness for smallpox: an update. Emerg Infect Dis. Jan-Feb 2001;7(1):155-7. [Medline].

  40. Letai AG. Smallpox and smallpox vaccination. N Engl J Med. May 8 2003;348(19):1920-5; author reply 1920-5. [Medline].

  41. Meltzer MI, Damon I, LeDuc JW, et al. Modeling potential responses to smallpox as a bioterrorist weapon. Emerg Infect Dis. Nov-Dec 2001;7(6):959-69. [Medline].

  42. Mercer A, Fleming S. Parapoxvirus. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:896-901.

  43. Moss B, Senkevich TG. Orthopoxvirus. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:885-95.

  44. Neff J, Modlin J, Birkhead GS, et al. Monitoring the safety of a smallpox vaccination program in the United States: report of the joint Smallpox Vaccine Safety Working Group of the advisory committee on immunization practices and the Armed Forces Epidemiological Board. Clin Infect Dis. Mar 15 2008;46 Suppl 3:S258-70. [Medline].

  45. Ness TL, Moyer RW. Suipoxvirus. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:902-6.

  46. Preston R. The Demon in the Freezer: A True Story. New York, NY: Random House; 2002.

  47. Redfield RR, Wright DC, James WD, et al. Disseminated vaccinia in a military recruit with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. N Engl J Med. Mar 12 1987;316(11):673-6. [Medline].

  48. Reeder MM, Palmer PES. Smallpox osteomyelitis (osteomyelitis variolosa). In: The Radiology of Tropical Medicine With Epidemiological, Pathological and Clinical Correlation. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1981:765-73.

  49. Ropp SL, Esposito JJ, Loparev VN, Palumbo GJ. Poxviruses infecting humans. In: Murray PR, ed. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Washington, DC: American Society of Microbiology; 1999:1137-44.

  50. Ryabchikova E, Sokunova E, Kononova J, Guskov A. Studies of Variola Virus Replication in Cell Cultures and Chick Embryo Chorion-allantois Membrane. In: Price R, ed. ASA Newsletter. Available at: http://www.asanltr.com/newsletter/02-3/articles/023a.htm. Aberdeen, Md: Applied Science and Analysis; 2002:Article 023a. [Full Text].

  51. Ryan MA, Seward JF. Pregnancy, birth, and infant health outcomes from the National Smallpox Vaccine in Pregnancy Registry, 2003-2006. Clin Infect Dis. Mar 15 2008;46 Suppl 3:S221-6. [Medline].

  52. Skinner MA, Laidlaw SM, Boulanger D. Avipoxvirus. In: Tidona CA, Darai G, eds. The Springer Index of Viruses. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; 2002:864-8.

  53. Stearn EW, Stearn AE. The Effect of Smallpox on the Destiny of the Amerindian. Boston, Mass: Bruce Humphries; 1945.

  54. Strikas RA, Neff LJ, Rotz L, et al. US Civilian Smallpox Preparedness and Response Program, 2003. Clin Infect Dis. Mar 15 2008;46 Suppl 3:S157-67. [Medline].

  55. Torres Cantero AM. Is smallpox "in" again?. J Epidemiol Community Health. Apr 2004;58(4):279. [Medline].

  56. Tudor V, Strati I. The clinical picture. In: Smallpox: Cholera. Tunbridge Wells, Kent: Abacus Press; 1977:34-71.

  57. U.S. Bureau of the Census. Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1999. 119th ed. Washington, DC: Bureau of the Census; 1999.

  58. US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine. Current issues in Smallpox. Available at: http://chppm-www.apgea.army.mil/risk/current.aspx. [Full Text].

  59. US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases. Smallpox. In: Kortpeter M, Christopher G, Cieslak T, et al, eds. USAMRIID's Medical Management of Biological Casualties. Available at: http://www.usamriid.army.mil/education/bluebook.html. 4th ed. Fort Detrick, Md: Operational Medicine Department; 2001:44-8. [Full Text].

  60. Wells TS, LeardMann CA, Smith TC, et al. Self-reported adverse health events following smallpox vaccination in a large prospective study of US military service members. Hum Vaccin. Mar-Apr 2008;4(2):127-33. [Medline].

  61. World Health Organization. WHO Fact Sheet on Smallpox. In: Communicable Disease Surveillance and Response. Available at: http://www.who.int/emc/diseases/smallpox/factsheet.html. Geneva, Switzerland: Oct 2001:[Full Text].

[ CLOSE WINDOW ]

Further Reading

[ CLOSE WINDOW ]

Keywords

smallpox, Poxvirus variolae, variola virus, variola, variola vera, variola major, variola minor, orthopoxvirus, poxvirus, hemorrhagic smallpox, ordinary smallpox, flat smallpox, modified smallpox, alastrim, amass, cottonpox, milkpox, whitepox, Cuban itch, Kaffir, biological agent, bioterrorism, bio-terrorism, biological attack, pox virus, malignant smallpox, fulminant smallpox, variola sine eruptione, variola sine exanthemata, smallpox vaccination, vaccinia immune globulin, vaccinia immunoglobulin, VIG, VIGIV, osteomyelitis variolosa, variola residua, fetal vaccinia

[ CLOSE WINDOW ]

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Aneela Naureen Hussain, MD, FAAFM, Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center; Consulting Staff, Department of Family Medicine, University Hospital of Brooklyn
Aneela Naureen Hussain, MD, FAAFM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Family Physicians, American Medical Association, American Medical Women's Association, Medical Society of the State of New York, and Society of Teachers of Family Medicine
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Fazal Hussain, MD, MBBS, Director, Clinical Research, King Faisal Cancer Centre
Fazal Hussain, MD, MBBS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Radiology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Maqsood Alam, MD, Fellow, Department of Infectious Diseases, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center
Maqsood Alam, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association and Infectious Diseases Society of America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Dennis J Cleri, MD, FACP, FAAM, FIDSA, Chairman, Graduate Medical Education Committee, Professor of Medicine, Associate Professor of Infection Disease, Seton Hall University; Director, Internal Medicine Residency Program, St Francis Medical Center
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Duane R Hospenthal, MD, PhD, Chief, Infectious Disease Service, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Brooke Army Medical Center; Professor of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Duane R Hospenthal, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Physicians, American Society for Microbiology, American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Armed Forces Infectious Diseases Society, Association of Military Surgeons of the US, Infectious Diseases Society of America, International Society for Infectious Diseases, International Society of Travel Medicine, and Medical Mycology Society of the Americas
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

John L Brusch, MD, FACP, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Consulting Staff, Department of Medicine and Infectious Disease Service, Cambridge Health Alliance
John L Brusch, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians and Infectious Diseases Society of America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD, Clinical and Research Fellow, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital
Eleftherios Mylonakis, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, American College of Physicians, American Society for Microbiology, and Infectious Diseases Society of America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Burke A Cunha, MD, Professor of Medicine, State University of New York School of Medicine at Stony Brook; Chief, Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital
Burke A Cunha, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Physicians, and Infectious Diseases Society of America
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

 
 
HONcode

We subscribe to the
HONcode principles of the
Health On the Net Foundation

All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright© 1994- by Medscape.
This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.

DISCLAIMER: The content of this Website is not influenced by sponsors. The site is designed primarily for use by qualified physicians and other medical professionals. The information contained herein should NOT be used as a substitute for the advice of an appropriately qualified and licensed physician or other health care provider. The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only. In no way should it be considered as offering medical advice. Please check with a physician if you suspect you are ill.