eMedicine Specialties > Obstetrics and Gynecology > General Gynecology
Menorrhagia: Multimedia
Updated: Oct 19, 2009
Multimedia
![]() | Media file 1: Acute menorrhagia requires prompt medical intervention. This is bleeding that will compromise an untreated patient. |
![]() | Media file 3: Flow chart continued from Media file 2. |
![]() | Media file 4: Flow chart continued from Media files 2 and 3. |
More on Menorrhagia |
| Overview: Menorrhagia |
| Differential Diagnoses & Workup: Menorrhagia |
| Treatment & Medication: Menorrhagia |
| Follow-up: Menorrhagia |
Multimedia: Menorrhagia |
| References |
| « Previous Page |
References
HALLBERG L, NILSSON L. DETERMINATION OF MENSTRUAL BLOOD LOSS. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1964;16:244-8. [Medline].
Goldrath MH. Hysteroscopic endometrial ablation. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. Sep 1995;22(3):559-72. [Medline].
Fraser IS, Warner P, Marantos PA. Estimating menstrual blood loss in women with normal and excessive menstrual fluid volume. Obstet Gynecol. Nov 2001;98(5 Pt 1):806-14. [Medline].
Warner PE, Critchley HO, Lumsden MA, Campbell-Brown M, Douglas A, Murray GD. Menorrhagia I: measured blood loss, clinical features, and outcome in women with heavy periods: a survey with follow-up data. Am J Obstet Gynecol. May 2004;190(5):1216-23. [Medline].
Lentz GM. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. In: Katz VL, Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM. Comprehensive Gynecology. 5th. Philadelphia, PA: Mosby; 2007:915-932.
Wright RC. Hysterectomy: past, present, and future. Obstet Gynecol. Apr 1969;33(4):560-3. [Medline].
Wilansky DL, Greisman B. Early hypothyroidism in patients with menorrhagia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Mar 1989;160(3):673-7. [Medline].
Glasser MH, Zimmerman JD. The HydroThermAblator system for management of menorrhagia in women with submucous myomas: 12- to 20-month follow-up. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. Nov 2003;10(4):521-7. [Medline].
Collins J, Schlesselman H. Hormone Replacement Therapy and Endometrial Cancer. In: Lobo R. Treatment of the Postmenopausal Woman. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 1999.
[Guideline] James AH, Kouides PA, Abdul-Kadir R, Edlund M, Federici AB, Halimeh S, et al. Von Willebrand disease and other bleeding disorders in women: Consensus on diagnosis and management from an international expert panel. Am J Obstet Gynecol. May 28 2009;[Medline].
Kadir RA, Economides DL, Sabin CA, et al. Frequency of inherited bleeding disorders in women with menorrhagia. Lancet. Feb 14 1998;351(9101):485-9. [Medline].
Dodson MG. Use of transvaginal ultrasound in diagnosing the etiology of menometrorrhagia. J Reprod Med. May 1994;39(5):362-72. [Medline].
Dijkhuizen FP, Mol BW, Brölmann HA, Heintz AP. The accuracy of endometrial sampling in the diagnosis of patients with endometrial carcinoma and hyperplasia: a meta-analysis. Cancer. Oct 15 2000;89(8):1765-72. [Medline].
Shaw RW. Assessment of medical treatments for menorrhagia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. Jul 1994;101 Suppl 11:15-8. [Medline].
Jurema M, Zacur H. Menorrhagia. UpToDate. Available at http://www.uptodateonline.com/online/content/topic.do?topicKey=gen_gyne/4741&selectedTitle=1~138&source=search_result. Accessed March 29, 2009.
Fraser IS, McCarron G. Randomized trial of 2 hormonal and 2 prostaglandin-inhibiting agents in women with a complaint of menorrhagia. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. Feb 1991;31(1):66-70. [Medline].
Andersson JK, Rybo G. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device in the treatment of menorrhagia. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. Aug 1990;97(8):690-4. [Medline].
Rauramo I, Elo I, Istre O. Long-term treatment of menorrhagia with levonorgestrel intrauterine system versus endometrial resection. Obstet Gynecol. Dec 2004;104(6):1314-21. [Medline].
Results unpublished, information provided from press release. FDA Approves Intrauterine Device for Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. Available at http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/fda-approves-new-indication-for-mirenar-to-treat-heavy-menstrual-bleeding-in-iud-users-63164722.html.
DeCherney A, Polan ML. Hysteroscopic management of intrauterine lesions and intractable uterine bleeding. Obstet Gynecol. Mar 1983;61(3):392-7. [Medline].
Chullapram T, Song JY, Fraser IS. Medium-term follow-up of women with menorrhagia treated by rollerball endometrial ablation. Obstet Gynecol. Jul 1996;88(1):71-6. [Medline].
Meyer WR, Walsh BW, Grainger DA, et al. Thermal balloon and rollerball ablation to treat menorrhagia: a multicenter comparison. Obstet Gynecol. Jul 1998;92(1):98-103. [Medline].
Goldrath MH. Evaluation of HydroThermAblator and rollerball endometrial ablation for menorrhagia 3 Years after treatment. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. Nov 2003;10(4):505-11. [Medline].
[Guideline] ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. Number 81, May 2007. Obstet Gynecol. May 2007;109(5):1233-48. [Medline].
[Best Evidence] Lethaby A, Hickey M, Garry R. Endometrial destruction techniques for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Oct 19 2005;CD001501. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Learman LA, Summitt RL Jr, Varner RE, Richter HE, Lin F, Ireland CC. Hysterectomy versus expanded medical treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding: clinical outcomes in the medicine or surgery trial. Obstet Gynecol. May 2004;103(5 Pt 1):824-33. [Medline].
Showstack J, Lin F, Learman LA, Vittinghoff E, Kuppermann M, Varner RE. Randomized trial of medical treatment versus hysterectomy for abnormal uterine bleeding: resource use in the Medicine or Surgery (Ms) trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Feb 2006;194(2):332-8. [Medline].
Further Reading
Keywords
menorrhagia, heavy menses, metrorrhagia, menometrorrhagia, polymenorrhea, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, hysterectomy, heavy menstrual bleeding, dilatation and curettage, transcervical resection of the endometrium, roller-ball endometrial ablation, endometrial laser ablation, uterine balloon therapy, myomectomy, uterine artery embolization, UAE, microwave endometrial ablation alternative, HydroThermAblator, cryoablation,








Multimedia: Menorrhagia