Horner Syndrome Differential Diagnoses
- Author: Malvinder S Parmar, MB, MS, FRCP(C), FACP; Chief Editor: Jules E Harris, MD more...
du Petit FP. Mémoire dans lequel il est démontré que les nerfs intercostaux fournissent des rameaux que portent des esprits dans les yeux. Paris, Mém: Hist Acad Roy Sci; 1727;1-19.
Bernard C. Des phénomènes oculo-pupillaires produits par la section du nerf sympathique cervical: ils sont indépendants des phénomènes vasculaires calorifiques de la tête. Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences, Paris. 1852;55:381-88.
Weir Mitchell S, Keen Jr W, Morehouse GR. Gunshot Wounds and Other Injuries of Nerves. Philadelphia: Lippincott; 1864. Reprinted, San Francisco: Norman Publishing; 1989.
Horner JF. Über eine Form von Ptosis. Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde, Stuttgart. 1869;7:193-8.
Durham DG. Congenital hereditary Horner's syndrome. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. Nov 1958;60(5):939-40. [Medline].
von Passow A. Okulare Paresen im Symptomenbilde des "Status dysraphicus", zugleich ein Beitrag zur Ätiologie der Sympathikusparese (Horner-Syndrom und Heterochromia iridis). Münchener medizinische Wochenshrift. 1934;74:1243-9.
Krasnianski M, Georgiadis D, Grehl H, Lindner A. [Correlation of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with brainstem infarction]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. May 2001;69(5):236-41. [Medline].
Biousse V, Touboul PJ, D'Anglejan-Chatillon J, Lévy C, Schaison M, Bousser MG. Ophthalmologic manifestations of internal carotid artery dissection. Am J Ophthalmol. Oct 1998;126(4):565-77. [Medline].
Piccoli M, Golinelli M, Colli G, Mullineris B, Melotti G. Homer syndrome after thoracoscopic apicectomy for spontaneous pneumothorax as a complication of chest tube placement. Chir Ital. Nov-Dec 2007;59(6):887-9. [Medline].
González Martín-Moro J, Sastre-Pérez J, Pena Fernández I. Horner syndrome after temporomandibular joint arthroscopy: a new complication. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. Jun 2009;67(6):1320-2. [Medline].
Allen AY, Meyer DR. Neck procedures resulting in Horner syndrome. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. Jan-Feb 2009;25(1):16-8. [Medline].
Monheit GD, Cohen JL. Long-term safety of repeated administrations of a new formulation of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of glabellar lines: interim analysis from an open-label extension study. J Am Acad Dermatol. Sep 2009;61(3):421-5. [Medline].
Raeder JG. Brain. Oxford: 1924:47;149-158.
Rombolá CA, Atance PL, Honguero Martínez AF. Claude Bernard-Horner Syndrome as a Rare Complication of Postoperative Pleural Drainage. Arch Bronconeumol. 2008;44:116-7. [Medline].
Arnold M, Baumgartner RW, Stapf C, Nedeltchev K, Buffon F, Benninger D, et al. Ultrasound diagnosis of spontaneous carotid dissection with isolated Horner syndrome. Stroke. Jan 2008;39(1):82-6. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Morales J, Brown SM, Abdul-Rahim AS, Crosson CE. Ocular effects of apraclonidine in Horner syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol. Jul 2000;118(7):951-4. [Medline].
Koc F, Kavuncu S, Kansu T, Acaroglu G, Firat E. The sensitivity and specificity of 0.5% apraclonidine in the diagnosis of oculosympathetic paresis. Br J Ophthalmol. Nov 2005;89(11):1442-4. [Medline].
Mughal M, Longmuir R. Current pharmacologic testing for Horner syndrome. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. Sep 2009;9(5):384-9. [Medline].
Cooper-Knock J, Pepper I, Hodgson T, Sharrack B. Early diagnosis of Horner syndrome using topical apraclonidine. J Neuroophthalmol. Sep 2011;31(3):214-6. [Medline].
Kawasaki A, Borruat FX. False negative apraclonidine test in two patients with Horner syndrome. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. May 2008;225(5):520-2. [Medline].
Adams RD, Victor M. Eye signs in neurologic diagnosis. In: Principles of Neurology. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc; 1993:375-9.
Biousse V, Touboul PJ, D'Anglejan-Chatillon J, Levy C, Schaison M, et al. Ophthalmologic manifestations of internal carotid artery dissection. Am J Ophthalmol. Oct 1998;126(4):565-77. [Medline].
Birch C. Horner. In: Names We Remember 56 Eponymous Medical Biographies. Kent, England: Ravenswood, Beckenham; 70-72.
Bucci T, Califano L. Bernard-Horner's syndrome: unusual complication after neck dissection. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. Apr 2008;66(4):833. [Medline].
Dziewas R, Konrad C, Drager B, Evers S, Besselmann M, Ludemann P, et al. Cervical artery dissection--clinical features, risk factors, therapy and outcome in 126 patients. J Neurol. Oct 2003;250(10):1179-84. [Medline].
Lee JH, Lee HK, Lee DH, Choi CG, Kim SJ, Suh DC. Neuroimaging strategies for three types of Horner syndrome with emphasis on anatomic location. AJR Am J Roentgenol. Jan 2007;188(1):W74-W81. [Medline].
Magalini SI, Magalini SC. Dictionary of Medical Syndromes. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1997.
McCorry D, Bamford J. Painful Horner's syndrome caused by carotid dissection. Postgrad Med J. Mar 2004;80(941):164. [Medline].
Merrison AF, Lhatoo SD. Horner's syndrome postpartum. BJOG. Jan 2004;111(1):86-8. [Medline].
Morris JG, Lee J, Lim CL. Facial sweating in Horner's syndrome. Brain. Sep 1984;107 ( Pt 3):751-8. [Medline].
Nautiyal A, Singh S, DiSalle M, O'Sullivan J. Painful Horner syndrome as a harbinger of silent carotid dissection. PLoS Med. Jan 2005;2(1):e19. [Medline].
Reede DL, Garcon E, Smoker WR, Kardon R. Horner's syndrome: clinical and radiographic evaluation. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. May 2008;18(2):369-85, xi. [Medline].
Walton KA, Buono LM. Horner syndrome. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. Dec 2003;14(6):357-63. [Medline].
Weiner WJ, Goetz C. Disorders of ocular movement and pupillary function. In: Neurology for the Non-neurologist. 1999. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 4th ed:242-5.

