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Sections Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Overview
- DDx
- Guidelines
- Medication
- Media Gallery
- References
Differential Diagnoses
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Atypical Carcinoid Lung Tumor
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Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
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Lung Adenoma
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Pietanza MC, Krug LM, Wu AJ, Kris MG, Rudin CM, Travis WD. Small Cell and Neuroendocrine Tumors of the lung. DeVita VT Jr, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA, eds. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology. 10th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015. 536-59.
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Cascone T, Gold KA, Glisson BS. Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung. Kantarjian H, Wolff R, eds. The MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology. 3rd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education; 2016. 323-42.
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Govindan R, Page N, Morgensztern D, Read W, Tierney R, Vlahiotis A, et al. Changing epidemiology of small-cell lung cancer in the United States over the last 30 years: analysis of the surveillance, epidemiologic, and end results database. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Oct 1. 24(28):4539-44. [Medline].
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American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2016. Available at http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@research/documents/document/acspc-047079.pdf. Accessed: August 25, 2016.
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Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment (PDQ®): Health Professional Version. National Cancer Institute. Available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65909/#CDR0000062945__1. July 7, 2016; Accessed: August 26, 2016.
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[Guideline] Früh M, De Ruysscher D, Popat S, Crinò L, Peters S, Felip E, et al. Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC): ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2013 Oct. 24 Suppl 6:vi99-105. [Medline]. [Full Text].
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World Health Organization. Cancer fact sheet no. 297. Updated February 2015. Available at http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/. Accessed: August 26, 2016.
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Jackman DM, Johnson BE. Small-cell lung cancer. Lancet. 2005 Oct 15-21. 366(9494):1385-96. [Medline].
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Janne PA, Freidlin B, Saxman S, Johnson DH, Livingston RB, Shepherd FA, et al. Twenty-five years of clinical research for patients with limited-stage small cell lung carcinoma in North America. Cancer. 2002 Oct 1. 95(7):1528-38. [Medline].
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Wu C, Xu B, Yuan P, Miao X, Liu Y, Guan Y, et al. Genome-wide interrogation identifies YAP1 variants associated with survival of small-cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Res. 2010 Dec 1. 70(23):9721-9. [Medline].
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Xun WW, Brennan P, Tjonneland A, Vogel U, Overvad K, el at. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (5p15.33, 15q25.1, 6p22.1, 6q27 and 7p15.3) and lung cancer survival in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Mutagenesis. 2011 Sep. 26(5):657-66. [Medline].
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Hermes A, Waschki B, Reck M. Hyponatremia as prognostic factor in small cell lung cancer--a retrospective single institution analysis. Respir Med. 2012 Jun. 106(6):900-4. [Medline].
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Sher E, Gotti C, Canal N, Scoppetta C, Piccolo G, Evoli A, et al. Specificity of calcium channel autoantibodies in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Lancet. 1989 Sep 16. 2(8664):640-3. [Medline].
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American Cancer Society. Lung cancer (small cell): how is small cell lung cancer staged?. Available at http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-smallcell/detailedguide/small-cell-lung-cancer-staging. 9/12/2014; Accessed: October 2, 2015.
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Micke P, Faldum A, Metz T, Beeh KM, Bittinger F, Hengstler JG, et al. Staging small cell lung cancer: Veterans Administration Lung Study Group versus International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer--what limits limited disease?. Lung Cancer. 2002 Sep. 37(3):271-6. [Medline].
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[Guideline] NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Small Cell Lung Cancer Vol 2. 2017. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Available at http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/sclc.pdf. September 15, 2016; Accessed: September 25, 2016.
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Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, et al, eds. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2010:299-330.
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[Guideline] National Collaborating Centre for Cancer. Lung cancer. The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Publication no. 121. London, UK: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence; 2011. [Full Text].
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[Guideline] Wender R, Fontham ET, Barrera E Jr, Colditz GA, Church TR, Ettinger DS, et al. American Cancer Society lung cancer screening guidelines. CA Cancer J Clin. 2013 Mar-Apr. 63 (2):107-17. [Medline]. [Full Text].
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[Guideline] Lung Cancer: Screening. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Available at http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/lung-cancer-screening. December 2013; Accessed: October 2, 2015.
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[Guideline] Detterbeck FC, Lewis SZ, Diekemper R, Addrizzo-Harris D, Alberts WM. Executive Summary: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013 May. 143 (5 Suppl):7S-37S. [Medline]. [Full Text].
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[Guideline] Ung YC, Maziak DE, Vanderveen JA, Smith CA, Gulenchyn K, Evans WK, for the Lung Cancer Disease Site Group. 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer: a clinical practice guideline. Toronto, Ontario: Cancer Care Ontario; 2007. [Full Text].
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Thomson D, Hulse P, Lorigan P, Faivre-Finn C. The role of positron emission tomography in management of small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2011 Aug. 73(2):121-6. [Medline].
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Dresler CM, Olak J, Herndon JE 2nd, Richards WG, el at. Phase III intergroup study of talc poudrage vs talc slurry sclerosis for malignant pleural effusion. Chest. 2005 Mar. 127(3):909-15. [Medline].
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Zakowski MF. Pathology of small cell carcinoma of the lung. Semin Oncol. 2003 Feb. 30(1):3-8. [Medline].
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Halvorsen TO, Sundstrøm S, Fløtten Ø, Brustugun OT, Brunsvig P, Aasebø U, et al. Comorbidity and outcomes of concurrent chemo- and radiotherapy in limited disease small cell lung cancer. Acta Oncol. 2016 Aug 23. 1-9. [Medline].
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Hanna NH, Einhorn LH. Small-cell lung cancer: state of the art. Clin Lung Cancer. 2002 Sep. 4(2):87-94. [Medline].
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Lally BE, Urbanic JJ, Blackstock AW, Miller AA, Perry MC. Small cell lung cancer: have we made any progress over the last 25 years?. Oncologist. 2007 Sep. 12(9):1096-104. [Medline].
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Leighl NB. Sunitinib: the next advance in small-cell lung cancer?. J Clin Oncol. 2015 May 20. 33 (15):1637-9. [Medline]. [Full Text].
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Ready NE, Pang HH, Gu L, Otterson GA, Thomas SP, Miller AA, et al. Chemotherapy With or Without Maintenance Sunitinib for Untreated Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study-CALGB 30504 (Alliance). J Clin Oncol. 2015 May 20. 33 (15):1660-5. [Medline].
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Amarasena IU, Walters JA, Wood-Baker R, Fong K. Platinum versus non-platinum chemotherapy regimens for small cell lung cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Oct 8. CD006849. [Medline].
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Spigel DR, Townley PM, Waterhouse DM, Fang L, Adiguzel I, et al. Randomized phase II study of bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy in previously untreated extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: results from the SALUTE trial. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Jun 1. 29(16):2215-22. [Medline].
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Noda K, Nishiwaki Y, Kawahara M, Negoro S, Sugiura T, Yokoyama A, et al. Irinotecan plus cisplatin compared with etoposide plus cisplatin for extensive small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jan 10. 346(2):85-91. [Medline].
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Jiang L, Yang KH, Guan QL, Mi DH, Wang J. Cisplatin plus etoposide versus other platin-based regimens for patients with extensive small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised, controlled trials. Intern Med J. 2012 Dec. 42(12):1297-309. [Medline].
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Hanna N, Bunn PA Jr, Langer C, Einhorn L, Guthrie T Jr, Beck T, et al. Randomized phase III trial comparing irinotecan/cisplatin with etoposide/cisplatin in patients with previously untreated extensive-stage disease small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2006 May 1. 24(13):2038-43. [Medline].
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Schmittel A, Sebastian M, Fischer von Weikersthal L, et al. A German multicenter, randomized phase III trial comparing irinotecan-carboplatin with etoposide-carboplatin as first-line therapy for extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol. 2011 Aug. 22(8):1798-804. [Medline].
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Rossi A, Di Maio M, Chiodini P, Rudd RM, Okamoto H, Skarlos DV, et al. Carboplatin- or cisplatin-based chemotherapy in first-line treatment of small-cell lung cancer: the COCIS meta-analysis of individual patient data. J Clin Oncol. 2012 May 10. 30(14):1692-8. [Medline].
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Klasa RJ, Murray N, Coldman AJ. Dose-intensity meta-analysis of chemotherapy regimens in small-cell carcinoma of the lung. J Clin Oncol. 1991 Mar. 9(3):499-508. [Medline].
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Arriagada R, Le Chevalier T, Pignon JP, Riviere A, Monnet I, Chomy P, et al. Initial chemotherapeutic doses and survival in patients with limited small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 1993 Dec 16. 329(25):1848-52. [Medline].
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Takada M, Fukuoka M, Kawahara M, Sugiura T, Yokoyama A, Yokota S, et al. Phase III study of concurrent versus sequential thoracic radiotherapy in combination with cisplatin and etoposide for limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: results of the Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study 9104. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Jul 15. 20(14):3054-60. [Medline].
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Turrisi AT 3rd, Kim K, Blum R, Sause WT, Livingston RB, Komaki R, et al. Twice-daily compared with once-daily thoracic radiotherapy in limited small-cell lung cancer treated concurrently with cisplatin and etoposide. N Engl J Med. 1999 Jan 28. 340(4):265-71. [Medline].
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Slotman B, Faivre-Finn C, Kramer G, Rankin E, Snee M, Hatton M, et al. Prophylactic cranial irradiation in extensive small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 2007 Aug 16. 357(7):664-72. [Medline].
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Schild SE, Foster NR, Meyers JP, Ross HJ, Stella PJ, et al. Prophylactic cranial irradiation in small-cell lung cancer: findings from a North Central Cancer Treatment Group Pooled Analysis. Ann Oncol. 2012 Nov. 23(11):2919-24. [Medline].
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Natale R, Lara P, Chansky K, et al. A randomized phase III trial comparing irinotecan/cisplatin (IP) with etoposide/cisplatin (EP) in patients (pts) with previously untreated extensive stage small cell lung cancer (E-SCLC). J Clin Oncol. 2008;26 (suppl):400s.
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Heigener D, Freitag L, Eschbach C et al. Topotecan/cisplatin (TP) compared to cisplatin/etoposide (PE) for patients with extensive disease-small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC): final results of a randomised phase III trial. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26 (suppl):400s.
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Slotman BJ, van Tinteren H, Praag JO, Knegjens JL, El Sharouni SY, Hatton M, et al. Use of thoracic radiotherapy for extensive stage small-cell lung cancer: a phase 3 randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2015 Jan 3. 385 (9962):36-42. [Medline]. [Full Text].
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Harris S, Chan MD, Lovato JF, Ellis TL, Tatter SB, Bourland JD, et al. Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery as salvage therapy after failure of whole-brain radiotherapy in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 May 1. 83(1):e53-9. [Medline].
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GlaxoSmithKline. GSK receives approval for Hycamtin(R) (topotecan) capsules for the treatment of relapsed small cell lung cancer [press release]. October 15, 2007. Available at http://www.gsk.com/media/press-releases/2007/gsk-receives-approval-for-hycamtin-topotecan-capsules-for-the-treatment-of-relapsed-small-cell-lung-cancer.htm. Accessed: December 10, 2012.
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Jotte R, Conkling P, Reynolds C, Galsky MD, Klein L, Fitzgibbons JF, et al. Randomized phase II trial of single-agent amrubicin or topotecan as second-line treatment in patients with small-cell lung cancer sensitive to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Jan 20. 29(3):287-93. [Medline].
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Schreiber D, Rineer J, Vongtama D, et al. Surgery for limited-stage small cell lung cancer, should the paradigm shift? A SEER-based analysis. J Clin Oncol (Suppl). 2008. 26:403s.
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Anraku M, Waddell TK. Surgery for small-cell lung cancer. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006 Fall. 18(3):211-6. [Medline].
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[Guideline] Jaklitsch MT, Jacobson FL, Austin JH, Field JK, Jett JR, Keshavjee S, et al. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery guidelines for lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography scans for lung cancer survivors and other high-risk groups. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012 Jul. 144 (1):33-8. [Medline].
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[Guideline] Rudin CM, Ismaila N, Hann CL, Malhotra N, Movsas B, Norris K, et al. Treatment of Small-Cell Lung Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology Endorsement of the American College of Chest Physicians Guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Dec 1. 33 (34):4106-11. [Medline]. [Full Text].
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[Guideline] Rivera MP, Mehta AC, Wahidi MM. Establishing the diagnosis of lung cancer: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2013 May. 143 (5 Suppl):e142S-65S. [Medline]. [Full Text].
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High-power photomicrograph of small cell carcinoma on the left side of the image with normal ciliated respiratory epithelium on the right side of the image.
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This coronal positron emission tomogram shows a large, focal, hypermetabolic area on the right that is consistent with a large mass in the central portion of the right upper pulmonary lobe. Multiple other smaller hypermetabolic areas suggest lymph-node metastatic disease in the chest, abdomen, and right supraclavicular region.
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Winston W Tan, MD, FACP Associate Professor of Medicine, Mayo Medical School; Consultant and Person-in-Charge of Genitourinary Oncology-Medical Oncology, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville; Vice Chairman of Education, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida
Winston W Tan, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Hematology, Philippine Medical Association, Texas Medical Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Irfan Maghfoor, MD Consulting Oncologist, Department of Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Saudi Arabia
Irfan Maghfoor, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Hematology
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
Nagla Abdel Karim, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Medicine, Associate Director of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
Nagla Abdel Karim, MD, PhD is a member of the following medical societies: American Medical Association, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Egyptian American Medical Association, Egyptian Cancer Society, International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.
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Sections Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Overview
- DDx
- Guidelines
- Medication
- Media Gallery
- References
