Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Medication

  • Author: Luigi Santacroce, MD; Chief Editor: Jules E Harris, MD   more...
 
Updated: Jan 27, 2012
 

Medication Summary

The most useful drugs for the treatment of papillary thyroid carcinomas (a relatively common well-differentiated thyroid cancer) after surgery are levothyroxine and radioiodine. For metastases, palliation with antineoplastic agents (eg, cisplatin, doxorubicin) may be useful.

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Thyroid products

Class Summary

These drugs are useful to prevent hypothyroidism and to stop TSH stimulation.

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Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

 

In active form, influences growth and maturation of tissues. Involved in normal growth, metabolism, and development.

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Antithyroid agents

Class Summary

These agents reduce serum thyroid hormone levels.

Sodium iodide I 131 (Iodotope)

 

Radioiodine is taken up by thyroid tissue and cannot be used in metabolic pathways. Emits beta and gamma radiation that causes destruction of thyroid tissue along a diameter of 400-2000 µm. Results in destruction of all residual thyroid tissues, either pathologic or normal.

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Antineoplastic agents

Class Summary

These medications inhibit cell growth and proliferation and may be helpful in palliating symptoms in progressive disease.

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Cisplatin (Platinol)

 

Inhibits DNA synthesis and, thus, cell proliferation by causing DNA crosslinks and denaturation of double helix. Dose is related to body surface area.

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Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

 

Inhibits topoisomerase II and produces free radicals, which may cause destruction of DNA. Combination of these 2 events, in turn, can inhibit growth of neoplastic cells.

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Contributor Information and Disclosures
Author

Luigi Santacroce, MD  Assistant Professor, Medical School, State University at Bari, Italy

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Coauthor(s)

Silvia Gagliardi, MD  Consulting Staff, Department of Surgery, Medical Center Vita, Italy

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Andrew Scott Kennedy, MD  Co-Medical Director, Wake Radiology Oncology

Andrew Scott Kennedy, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American Association for Cancer Research, American Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology, and Radiological Society of North America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Specialty Editor Board

Lodovico Balducci, MD  Professor of Oncology and Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine; Division Chief, Senior Adult Oncology Program, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD  Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Medscape Salary Employment

Rajalaxmi McKenna, MD, FACP  Southwest Medical Consultants, SC, Department of Medicine, Good Samaritan Hospital, Advocate Health Systems

Rajalaxmi McKenna, MD, FACP is a member of the following medical societies: American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Hematology, and International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Chief Editor

Jules E Harris, MD  Clinical Professor of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Arizona Cancer Center

Jules E Harris, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for Cancer Research, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Association of Immunologists, American Society of Hematology, and Central Society for Clinical Research

Disclosure: GlobeImmune Salary Consulting

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Standard open thyroidectomy.
Table. ACS Estimated New Thyroid Carcinoma Cases and Deaths by Sex, US, 2008[12]
Cases and Deaths Total Males Females
Estimated new cases37,3408,93028,410
Estimated deaths 1,590680910
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