Depression: Differential Diagnoses & Workup

References

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Further Reading

Keywords

clinical depression, major depression, depression treatment, anxiety depression, major depressive disorder, MDD, unipolar depression, unipolar affective disorder, serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, TCAs, norepinephrine, NE, dopamine, DA, suicide, suicidality, dysthymia, electroconvulsive therapy, ECT, electroshock therapy, shock therapy, light therapy

seasonal affective disorder, SAD, antidepressants, lithium, psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT, neurasthenia, insomnia, hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation, psychomotor retardation, feelings of worthlessness, anhedonia, irritability, dementia of depression, pseudodementia, Parkinson disease, Huntington disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, seizure disorders, systemiclupuserythematosus, SLE, autoimmune cerebritis, obstructive sleep apnea, syphilis, Lyme disease, HIV encephalopathy, Addison disease, Cushing disease, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, prolactinomas

hyperparathyroidism, alcohol abuse, cocaine abuse, amphetamines abuse, marijuana abuse, narcotics abuse, inhalant abuse, bright light therapy, anxiety disorders, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, phobia, eating disorders, bulimia, anorexia nervosa, psychosis, organic brain syndrome, hopelessness, psychosocial stress, chronic pain

Contributor Information and Disclosures

Author

Ravinder N Bhalla, MD, Assistant Clinical Professor of Child Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey; Medical Director, Mental Health Clinic of Passaic; Consulting Staff, Christian Health Care Center
Ravinder N Bhalla, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Disclosure: Bristol Meyer Squib Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Astrazeneca Honoraria Speaking and teaching

Coauthor(s)

Pascale Moraille-Bhalla, MD, Medical Director, Outpatient Clinic of Hoboken University Medical Center; Staff Psychiatrist, Mental Health Clinic of Passaic
Pascale Moraille-Bhalla, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Psychiatric Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Sarah C Aronson, MD, Associate Professor, Departments of Psychiatry and Medicine, Case Western Reserve School of Medicine/University Hospitals of Cleveland
Sarah C Aronson, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Family Physicians, American Medical Association, and American Psychiatric Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Medical Editor

Barry I Liskow, MD, Professor of Psychiatry, Vice Chairman, Psychiatry Department, Director, Psychiatric Residency Program, University of Kansas School of Medicine; Director, Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic, The University of Kansas Medical Center
Barry I Liskow, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Clinical Psychiatrists, American Academy of Psychiatrists in Alcoholism and Addictions, American Medical Association, American Psychiatric Association, and Research Society on Alcoholism
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Pharmacy Editor

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD, Senior Pharmacy Editor, eMedicine
Disclosure: eMedicine Salary Employment

Managing Editor

Iqbal Ahmed, MBBS, Professor, Department of Psychiatry, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii
Iqbal Ahmed, MBBS is a member of the following medical societies: Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine, American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, American Neuropsychiatric Association, and American Psychiatric Association
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

CME Editor

Harold H Harsch, MD, Program Director of Geropsychiatry, Department of Geriatrics/Gerontology, Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Department of Medicine, Froedtert Hospital, Medical College of Wisconsin
Harold H Harsch, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Psychiatric Association
Disclosure: lilly Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Forest Labs Honoraria Speaking and teaching; AstraZeneca Honoraria Speaking and teaching; Pfizer Grant/research funds Speaking and teaching; Northstar Grant/research funds Research; Novartis Grant/research funds research; Pfizer  Speaking and teaching; Sanofi-avetis Grant/research funds research; Otsuke Grant/research funds reseach; GlaxoSmithKline Grant/research funds research

Chief Editor

Stephen Soreff, MD, President of Education Initiatives, Nottingham, NH; Faculty, Metropolitan College of Boston University, Boston, MA
Stephen Soreff, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Mental Health Administration and American Psychosomatic Society
Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.