Lumbar Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis Differential Diagnoses
- Author: Beth B Froese, MD; Chief Editor: Rene Cailliet, MD more...
Niggemann P, Kuchta J, Beyer HK, Grosskurth D, Schulze T, Delank KS. Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis: prevalence of different forms of instability and clinical implications. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). Oct 15 2011;36(22):E1463-8. [Medline].
Wiltse LL. Spondylolisthesis: classification and etiology. Symposium of the Spine. Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1969;143.
Grobler LJ, Wiltse LL. Classification, and nonoperative and operative treatment of spondylolisthesis. In: Frymoyer's The Adult Spine: Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott; 1997:1865-921.
Huang KY, Lin RM, Lee YL, et al. Factors affecting disability and physical function in degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis of L4-5: evaluation with axially loaded MRI. Eur Spine J. Jun 14 2009;[Medline].
Beutler WJ, Fredrickson BE, Murtland A, et al. The natural history of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis: 45-year follow-up evaluation. Spine. May 15 2003;28(10):1027-35; discussion 1035. [Medline].
d'Hemecourt PA, Gerbino PG, Micheli LJ. Back injuries in the young athlete. Clin Sports Med. Oct 2000;19(4):663-79. [Medline].
Comstock CP, Carragee EJ, O'Sullivan GS. Spondylolisthesis in the young athlete. The Physician and Sportsmedicine. 1994;22(12):39-46.
Rossi F. Spondylolysis, spondylolisthesis and sports. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. Dec 1978;18(4):317-40. [Medline].
Sairyo K, Katoh S, Sasa T, et al. Athletes with unilateral spondylolysis are at risk of stress fracture at the contralateral pedicle and pars interarticularis: a clinical and biomechanical study. Am J Sports Med. Apr 2005;33(4):583-90. [Medline].
Kruse D, Lemmen B. Spine injuries in the sport of gymnastics. Curr Sports Med Rep. Jan-Feb 2009;8(1):20-8. [Medline].
Bono CM. Low-back pain in athletes. J Bone Joint Surg Am. Feb 2004;86-A(2):382-96. [Medline].
Oh JY, Liang S, Louange D, Rahmat R, Hee HT, Kumar VP. Paradoxical motion in L5-S1 adult spondylolytic spondylolisthesis. Eur Spine J. Jun 15 2011;[Medline].
Peterson JB, Wenger DR. Asymmetric spondylolisthesis as the cause of childhood lumbar scoliosis--can new imaging modalities help clarify the relationship?. Iowa Orthop J. 2008;28:65-72. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Wynne-Davies R, Scott JH. Inheritance and spondylolisthesis: a radiographic family survey. J Bone Joint Surg [Br]. Aug 1979;61-B(3):301-5. [Medline]. [Full Text].
Sairyo K, Sakai T, Yasui N. Conservative treatment of lumbar spondylolysis in childhood and adolescence: the radiological signs which predict healing. J Bone Joint Surg Br. Feb 2009;91(2):206-9. [Medline].
Smith JA, Hu SS. Management of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in the pediatric and adolescent population. Orthop Clin North Am. Jul 1999;30(3):487-99, ix. [Medline].
Steiner ME, Micheli LJ. Treatment of symptomatic spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis with the modified Boston brace. Spine. Dec 1985;10(10):937-43. [Medline].
[Best Evidence] Matsudaira K, Seichi A, Kunogi J, et al. The efficacy of prostaglandin E1 derivative in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. Spine. Jan 15 2009;34(2):115-20. [Medline].
Magee DJ. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders; 1997:. 398.
McGregor AH, Cattermole HR, Hughes SP. Global spinal motion in subjects with lumbar spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis: does the grade or type of slip affect global spinal motion?. Spine. Feb 1 2001;26(3):282-6. [Medline].
Rothman RH, Simeone FA. Spondylolisthesis. vol 1. 1992:913-69.
Simper LB. Spondylolysis in Eskimo skeletons. Acta Orthop Scand. Feb 1986;57(1):78-80. [Medline].
Standaert CJ, Herring SA, Halpern B, King O. Spondylolysis. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. Nov 2000;11(4):785-803. [Medline].
Weinstein JN, Rydevik BL, Sonntag VKH, eds. Essentials of the Spine. New York, NY: Raven Press; 1995:. 195-230.
Whitesides TE Jr, Horton WC, Hutton WC, et al. Spondylolytic spondylolisthesis: a study of pelvic and lumbosacral parameters of possible etiologic effect in two genetically and geographically distinct groups with high occurrence. Spine. Mar 15 2005;30(6 Suppl):S12-21. [Medline].

